Chapter 16 Section 4 ☺

Name ______American History Period ______

  1. Lincoln found ______, or the freeing of slaves, to be a difficult issue. He did not believe he had the ______. He also worried about the ______.
  2. Lincoln based the Emancipation Proclamation on the idea that all men are created equal and are due the rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness--that comes from what document? ______
  3. The Democratic Party, which included ______, opposed emancipation. Laborers feared that freed slaves would come north and ______at lower wages.
  4. Abolitionists argued that the war was ______if it did not win ______for African Americans. They warned that the Union would remain ______until the problem was ______.
  5. He (Lincoln)finally wrote the ______, the order to free the ______slaves. The proclamation declared that: “. . . all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State the people whereof shall then be in ______against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever ______.”
  6. The Emancipation Proclamation was a military order that freed slaves only in ______
    ______. In fact, the proclamation had little ______effect...The proclamation did not stop slavery in the ______, where the federal government would have had the power to enforce it.
  7. The words written in the Emancipation Proclamation were powerful, but the impact of the document was more ______than ______. It defined what the Union was ______, and discouraged ______from aiding the Confederacy.
  8. Lincoln wanted to be in a ______position in the war before announcing his plan. The ______gave him the victory he needed.
  9. ...where slavery ______, the proclamation encouraged many enslaved Africans to ______when the Union troops came ______. They flocked to the ______and followed them ______
    ______. The loss of slaves crippled the South’s ability to ______.
  10. By the spring of 1863, ______army units were ______themselves in combat.
  11. One unit stood out above the others. The ______consisted mostly of free African Americans. In July 1863 this regiment led a ______charge on South Carolina’s ______.
  12. ______, a sergeant in the regiment, became the first African American to receive the ______after he was shot several times while keeping the ______during the battle.
  13. The ______of the 54th regiment made it the ______
    ______African American unit of the war.
  14. About ______African Americans served with the ______army.
  15. African Americans faced ______on the battlefield. Confederates often ______their black captives or ______them into slavery.
  16. As the months rolled on and the number of dead continued to ______, a group of ______began speaking out ______the war. Led by U.S. Representative Clement L. Vallandigham of Ohio, they called themselves ______. Their enemies called them ______, comparing them to a poisonous snake.
  17. Many Copperheads were midwesterners that sympathized with ______and opposed ______. They believed the war was ______
    ______and called for its end.
  18. Lincoln saw the Copperheads as a ______to support of the war effort. To silence them, he suspended the right of ______.
  19. Habeas corpus is a constitutional protection against ______. Ignoring this protection, Union officials______their enemies, including some Copperheads, without ______.
  20. In March 1863, war critics erupted again when Congress approved a ______, or forced military service. For ______, men were allowed to buy their way ______of military service. For an unskilled laborer, however, that was nearly ______.
  21. Critics of the draft called the Civil War a “______
    ______.”
  22. Civil War armies fought in the ______that produced massive casualties. Endless ______of troops fired directly at one another, with ______landing amid them. When the order was given, soldiers would attach ______to their guns and ______toward their enemy.
  23. ______in the field saved many lives. Yet they had no ______to stop infections that developed after soldiers were wounded. Many soldiers endured the horror of having infected legs and arms amputated______caused many deaths.
  24. Despite the huge battlefield losses, the ______in the Civil War was ______. It was ______such as typhoid, pneumonia, and tuberculosis.
  25. Nearly ______as many soldiers ______as died in combat.
  26. Military prisoners on both sides lived in unimaginable ______...Soldiers had little ______. ______killed thousands of prisoners.
  27. The war effort involved ______of society.
  28. Women as well as people too young or too old for military service worked in ______and on ______.
  29. Economy in the North ______as production and prices soared.
  30. On the farms, ______performed the daily chores usually done by men.
  31. Volunteer______organized the collection of medicine and supplies for delivery to the battlefield. At the field hospitals, the “______
    ______” soothed the wounded and dying and assisted doctors as bullets flew around her.
  32. Barton’s work formed the basis for the future ______.
  33. In the South, ______established a small hospital in ______, Virginia. By the end of the war, it had grown into a major army hospital.