Chapter 11 “Islamic Civilization”

A.D. 600-1300

Section 1: A New Faith

I.  Arab Life

A.  The Setting

1.  Arabian Peninsula

2.  1 million square miles between the _____ Sea and the ______Gulf

B.  Lives of the Bedouin

1.  Nomads who herded sheep, camels, and goats

2.  Lived in tribes

3.  ______

a.  Chief of each tribe

C.  Growth of Towns

1.  By the 500’s A.D., many tribes had settled in valleys to pursue farming or trading

D.  Signs of Change

1.  Through contact with foreign people, religious ideas changed. Tribes became less strong

II.  Muhammad and His Message

A.  Life of Muhammad

1.  Born around ______A.D.

2.  Married a wealthy widow at the age of ______

3.  Became dissatisfied with the wealthy citizens, worship of idols, and mistreatment of the poor

4.  Spent time alone praying and fasting in a cave outside the city

B.  Revelation—______A.D.

1.  A revelation is a ______

2.  A voice calling him to be the apostle of the one true god, _____

3.  Second Revelation

a.  “Rise and warn” the people about divine judgement

4.  ______—followers of Islam

C.  Opposition to Islam

1.  Wealthy opposed Muhammad’s teachings

2.  He sent 60 families to a town north of Makkah in 622 A.D.

3.  Marks the beginning of the Islamic era and is recognized as the first year of the Muslim calendar

III.  The Islamic Community

A.  Origin of the Islamic State

1.  Muhammad taught to place loyalty to the ______above all tribal ties

2.  He was judge and commander in chief

B.  Acceptance of Islam

1.  Eventually the Makkans invaded Yathrib, forcing the Muslims to retaliate

2.  ______were victorious, and reentered Makkah in 630 A.D.

3.  Islam replaced old religions, and Makkah became capital

4.  Muhammad died in _____ A.D.

a.  Formed a religious community based on carefully preserved sacred writings

b.  Example of his life as a guide for Muslims to follow

IV.  Beliefs and Practices of Islam

A.  The Quran (which means ______)

1.  Holy scriptures of ______

2.  Muhammad’s successor ordered Muslims to retrieve and write down all messages of Islam

3.  Believed to contain God’s message as revealed to ______

4.  Some are variations of ______stories

B.  Values

1.  Honor their ______, show kindness to their______, protect orphans and widows, and give generously to the poor

2.  No murder, ______, ______, adultery

3.  Forbids______, eating______, or drinking alcoholic beverages

C.  Law

1.  Shari’ah—body of law

2.  Contains both public and private law