Chapter 1: One Republic - Two Americas?
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.The Boston Tea Party, Whisky Rebellion, and California’s Proposition 13 were all popular rebellions that were related to ______.
a. / freedom of pressb. / freedom of speech
c. / prohibition of alcohol
d. / property rights
e. / taxation
ANS:EPTS:1REF:2OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
2.Eliminating tax increases may result in ______.
a. / cuts to state and local government budgetsb. / increases to state and local government budgets
c. / decreases in the national debt
d. / increases in foreign trade
e. / improvement to services that people have come to expect
ANS:APTS:1REF:2OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
3.Democracy in the United States derives its powers from ______.
a. / the constitutionb. / the Declaration of Independence
c. / the U.S. Supreme Court
d. / citizens
e. / natural law
ANS:DPTS:1REF:3OBJ:LO1
NOT:Factual
4.Which statement is correct regarding health care and health insurance?
a. / Health insurance costs have decreased for the past decade.b. / Health insurance costs have remained stable for the past decade.
c. / Health insurance costs are rising faster than wages or inflation.
d. / Health care costs are decreasing at the current growth rate.
e. / Resources spent on health care are improving the economy.
ANS:CPTS:1REF:3OBJ:LO1
NOT:Applied
5.The Affordable Healthcare Act (AHA) includes provisions for ______.
a. / providing access to insurance for people with pre-existing conditionsb. / allowing children to stay on their parents’ insurance until age 30
c. / government funded healthcare that provides coverage for all citizens
d. / requiring free prescriptions for all citizens
e. / downsizing programs for Medicare and Medicaid
ANS:APTS:1REF:3OBJ:LO1
NOT:Applied
6.A current issue facing the government today is ______.
a. / a decrease in the national debtb. / a decrease in global competition and foreign trade
c. / an increasing gap in income and wealth of individuals
d. / an increasing rate of home ownership
e. / an increasing high school graduation rate
ANS:CPTS:1REF:4OBJ:LO1
NOT:Applied
7.Which statement is best supported by the information provided in the figure below?
a. / Overall, faith in most institutions in the U.S. is on the riseb. / Confidence in the military and the criminal justice system showed little change.
c. / Increases in confidence were highest for banks, the presidency, and Congress.
d. / Confidence levels in newspapers and the television news increased significantly.
e. / Confidence in church and religion declined slightly over the decade.
ANS:BPTS:1REF:7OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
8.The struggle over power or influence within organizations or informal groups that can grant or withhold benefits or privileges is known as ______.
a. / aristocracyb. / authority
c. / government
d. / legitimacy
e. / politics
ANS:EPTS:1REF:5OBJ:LO1
NOT:Factual
9.______was defined by political scientist Harold Lasswell as “who gets what, when, and how.”
a. / Politicsb. / Government
c. / Institution
d. / Social Contract
e. / Initiative
ANS:APTS:1REF:5OBJ:LO1
NOT:Factual
10.The institution in which decisions are made that resolve conflicts or allocates benefits and privileges is known as ______.
a. / social contractb. / government
c. / democratic resolution
d. / politics
e. / separation of powers
ANS:BPTS:1REF:5OBJ:LO1
NOT:Factual
11.______refers to the conflicts and decisions found at the federal, state, and local levels regarding the selection of decision-makers, the structure of institutions, and the creation of public policy.
a. / Politicsb. / Government
c. / Ideology
d. / Eminent domain
e. / Pluralism
ANS:APTS:1REF:5OBJ:LO1
NOT:Factual
12.The divine right of kings was the belief that ______.
a. / the people had the ultimate authority over the monarchb. / the church had the ultimate authority over the monarch
c. / the monarch had ultimate authority and that authority had been conferred by God
d. / ultimate authority was in the hands of the church, an extension of God
e. / ultimate authority was held by the Catholic Church
ANS:CPTS:1REF:6OBJ:LO1
NOT:Conceptual
13.The theory that individuals form government by mutual consent, giving up some of their individual liberty in order to gain the protection of government is known as ______.
a. / divine right of kingsb. / social contract
c. / political culture
d. / political socialization
e. / elitism
ANS:BPTS:1REF:6OBJ:LO2
NOT:Factual
14.______theorized that without government and the rule of law, people would revert to a state of nature and people would be left to fight over basic necessities.
a. / Thomas Hobbesb. / Thomas Jefferson
c. / John Locke
d. / Harold Lasswell
e. / Alexander Hamilton
ANS:APTS:1REF:6OBJ:LO2
NOT:Factual
15.______theorized that government is formed to protect life, liberty, and property, but if government violates the social contract with the people, the people have the duty to end the abusive government and establish a new government.
a. / Thomas Hobbesb. / Thomas Jefferson
c. / John Locke
d. / Harold Lasswell
e. / Alexander Hamilton
ANS:CPTS:1REF:6OBJ:LO2
NOT:Factual
16.The set of ideas, values, and ways of thinking about government and politics that are shared by all citizens is known as ______.
a. / politicsb. / political culture
c. / political socialization
d. / socialism
e. / a social contract
ANS:BPTS:1REF:6OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
17.The process by which beliefs and values are transmitted to individuals is known as political ______.
a. / scienceb. / transmission
c. / socialization
d. / dissemination
e. / passage
ANS:CPTS:1REF:6OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
18.______is one of our most prized liberties, because democracy could not endure without it.
a. / Freedom of speechb. / The free expression of religion
c. / The separation of church and state
d. / The right to bear arms
e. / The protection against cruel and unusual punishment
ANS:APTS:1REF:8OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
19.After 9/11, the government of the United States acted in a manner that ______.
a. / emphasized liberty over securityb. / emphasized security over liberty
c. / dismissed the significance of both security and liberty
d. / elevated the significance of both security and liberty
e. / did not change the balance between security and liberty established prior to 9/11
ANS:BPTS:1REF:8OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
20.When Americans perceive serious threats to national security, they have supported the increased actions of government to limit ______.
a. / the right of confidentialityb. / religious freedom
c. / civil liberties
d. / Article VI of the Constitution
e. / the nation's dedication to individualism
ANS:CPTS:1REF:8OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
21.Freedom of speech and other guarantees of liberty in the Bill of Rights are found in ______.
a. / Article I of the U.S. Constitutionb. / the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution
c. / Article VI of the U.S. Constitution
d. / the Declaration of Independence
e. / the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights
ANS:BPTS:1REF:8OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
22.The oldest purpose of government is to ______.
a. / maintain order by protecting members of society from violence and criminal activityb. / print money and control the economy
c. / guarantee freedom and liberty for all people
d. / act to protect the rights of the minority
e. / establish benefits for the most wealthy and influential in society
ANS:APTS:1REF:8OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
23.As a political value, equality is defined as the idea that all people ______.
a. / should make the same amount of moneyb. / should be in a position to succeed economically
c. / should have equal access to their elected representatives
d. / have access to the courts to enforce their rights
e. / are of equal worth
ANS:EPTS:1REF:9OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
24.When the U.S. was founded, political leaders extended equal treatment to ______.
a. / men that owned propertyb. / African Americans
c. / women
d. / Native Americans
e. / all citizens
ANS:APTS:1REF:9OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
25.The concept of private ownership of property and a relatively open market for goods, services, and investments is known as ______.
a. / capitalismb. / eminent domain
c. / fiscal responsibility
d. / totalitarianism
e. / political socialization
ANS:APTS:1REF:10OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
26.A system in which government is controlled by a small group of individuals, but social and economic institutions are not under control of the government is called ______.
a. / totalitarianismb. / absolutism
c. / socialism
d. / democratic socialism
e. / authoritarianism
ANS:EPTS:1REF:11OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
27.Totalitarianism means ______.
a. / a unified governmentb. / a condition of having no government and no laws
c. / people elect officials to make decisions for them for a specific period of time
d. / that government controls all facets of the religious, business, educational and political lives of the people
e. / the ultimate authority is vested in the people
ANS:DPTS:1REF:10OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
28.Which of these countries is the best example of a totalitarian regime?
a. / Japanb. / North Korea
c. / Afghanistan
d. / Canada
e. / United States
ANS:BPTS:1REF:10OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
29.Which of the following is an example of direct democracy?
a. / Louisiana's use of the parishb. / New England town meetings
c. / Somalia during the 1990s
d. / The Soviet Union in the twentieth century
e. / California's system of allocating money for baseball stadiums
ANS:BPTS:1REF:12OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
30.Initiative, referendum, and recall are examples of ______.
a. / oligarchyb. / representative democracy
c. / ascendancy voting
d. / direct democracy
e. / direct egalitarianism
ANS:DPTS:1REF:12OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
31.The Framers of the Constitution did not create a direct democracy because ______.
a. / it wasn't the best way to resist manipulative politiciansb. / direct democracy had never been used before
c. / it did not protect minority rights and allow for full participation of all citizens
d. / Americans were incapable of making rational decisions about government
e. / they believed the masses were too uneducated and likely to be influenced by demagogues
ANS:EPTS:1REF:13OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
32.The Framers of the Constitution chose to create a(n) ______.
a. / republicb. / limited constitutional monarchy
c. / totalitarian regime
d. / authoritarian regime
e. / oligarchic regime
ANS:APTS:1REF:13OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
33.In a republic there is no ______.
a. / senateb. / supreme court
c. / concept of separation of powers
d. / bureaucracy
e. / king
ANS:EPTS:1REF:14OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
34.A Democratic Republic refers to a form of government in which ______.
a. / a single ruler controls all aspects of the government but not economic and social institutionsb. / a single ruler controls all aspects of the government as well as economic and social institutions
c. / representatives are elected by the people to make and enforce laws and policies
d. / representatives are appointed by a ruler to create laws and policies for the population
e. / representatives elected by the people control only the economic matters essential to the well-being of the nation
ANS:CPTS:1REF:13OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
35.Representative democracy almost always has the same definition as ______.
a. / republican democracyb. / popular democracy
c. / popular sovereignty
d. / democratic republic
e. / sovereign immunity
ANS:DPTS:1REF:14OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
36.Modern democracies rely on majority rule and also protect the rights of minorities ______.
a. / because of a belief in the writings of John Stuart Millb. / to ensure that majorities do not violate fundamental rights of political minorities
c. / to maintain the appearance of inclusion in governing of different and diverse groups
d. / because of the concept of unalienable rights listed in the Declaration of Independence
e. / because the Preamble to the Constitution states that the purpose of the document is to "secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity"
ANS:BPTS:1REF:14OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
37.Free and competitive elections are necessary for ______.
a. / the continued existence of a representative democracyb. / a totalitarian regime to succeed and demonstrate its legitimacy
c. / direct democracy to occur
d. / the citizens to have justifiable pride in their country
e. / all people, regardless of citizenship status, to have a voice in their government
ANS:APTS:1REF:14OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
38.The concept in which the Constitution provides the fundamental structure of government and describes what the national government can and cannot do is called ______.
a. / limited governmentb. / popular sovereignty
c. / representative democracy
d. / collective confines
e. / sanctions on the republic
ANS:APTS:1REF:14OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
39.The concept that in a democracy the government should listen to what most people want is known as ______.
a. / limited governmentb. / majoritarianism
c. / elitism
d. / pluralism
e. / ideology
ANS:BPTS:1REF:15OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
40.The flaw with majoritarianism that can be harmful is that ______.
a. / the majority can make decisions that are restrictive to the minority groupb. / the decisions are difficult to enforce
c. / a group of elites can become the decision makers
d. / interest groups can become the decision makers
e. / the majority can make decisions that are unchecked
ANS:APTS:1REF:15OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
41.When theorizing who really controls the government, the belief that a small cohesive group makes almost all the important decisions for a nation is called ______.
a. / limited governmentb. / personality politics
c. / elitism
d. / pluralism
e. / political enlightenment
ANS:CPTS:1REF:15OBJ:LO3
NOT:Conceptual
42.According to studies mentioned in the text, which of the following is likely to be more tolerant of diversity and defend civil liberties?
a. / mass publicb. / elites
c. / coalitions of the willing
d. / primary voters
e. / pluralistic elites
ANS:BPTS:1REF:15OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
43.Pluralist theory proposes that people’s interests are protected by ______.
a. / interest groupsb. / political parties
c. / the majority
d. / elected representatives
e. / designated electors
ANS:APTS:1REF:17OBJ:LO3
NOT:Applied
44.Political scientist E.E. Schattschneider criticized pluralist theory by saying, "The flaw in the pluralist heaven is that the heavenly chorus sings ______."
a. / only to deitiesb. / for the chorus itself
c. / for the populous
d. / with a strong upper-crust accent
e. / only to members of interest groups
ANS:DPTS:1REF:17OBJ:LO3
NOT:Factual
45.The comprehensive set of beliefs about the nature of people and the role of government is known as ______.
a. / ideologyb. / majoritarianism
c. / political science
d. / political socialization
e. / political culture
ANS:APTS:1REF:17OBJ:LO4
NOT:Conceptual
46.______would strongly support property rights and oppose attempts to regulate personal behavior and regulate moral values.
a. / Liberalsb. / Conservatives
c. / Traditionalists
d. / Activists
e. / Libertarians
ANS:EPTS:1REF:18OBJ:LO4
NOT:Factual
47.The belief in individuals being responsible for their well-being, a limited role of government, and a support for policies favoring traditional values are characteristics of ______.
a. / liberalismb. / conservatism
c. / libertarianism
d. / totalitarianism
e. / socialism
ANS:BPTS:1REF:18OBJ:LO4
NOT:Conceptual
48.______is the belief that government should take an active role in reducing poverty and regulating the economy, support civil rights, and have a tolerance for social change.
a. / Democratic socialismb. / Conservatism
c. / Liberalism
d. / Totalitarianism
e. / Socialism
ANS:CPTS:1REF:18OBJ:LO4
NOT:Conceptual
49.Libertarians are sometimes referred to as ______.
a. / neo-liberalsb. / orthodox liberals
c. / classical liberals
d. / classical conservatives
e. / orthodox conservatives
ANS:CPTS:1REF:19OBJ:LO4
NOT:Factual
50.______believe in less government, support for capitalism and private property, and allowing individuals to pursue their own route to achievement with little government interference.
a. / Fundamental conservativesb. / Essential conservatives
c. / Economic conservatives
d. / Primary conservatives
e. / Original conservatives
ANS:CPTS:1REF:19OBJ:LO4
NOT:Conceptual
51.______oppose abortion, support the death penalty, support the right to own firearms, and oppose gay marriage.
a. / Economic conservativesb. / Social conservatives
c. / Kindred conservatives
d. / Affinity conservatives
e. / Amalgamated conservatives
ANS:BPTS:1REF:19OBJ:LO4
NOT:Conceptual
52.Approximately ______million illegal immigrants live in the United States.
a. / 11b. / 17
c. / 20
d. / 25
e. / 30
ANS:APTS:1REF:21OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
53.One of the major changes the United States will face in the coming years is ______.
a. / the possibility of revolts against state governmentsb. / the increase in the number of nation-states in the world
c. / the growing independence of countries in Latin America
d. / a slowing of population growth
e. / a decline in economic dominance
ANS:EPTS:1REF:20OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
54.The demographics in the United States reflect an ______.
a. / increasing birth rateb. / increasing death rate
c. / increasing number of older citizens
d. / increasing number of births among non-Hispanic white Americans
e. / increasing median age
ANS:CPTS:1REF:20OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
55.An increased demand on Social Security and Medicare can be linked to the ______.
a. / declining birth rateb. / increasing number of apathetic voters
c. / decreasing number of senior citizens
d. / increasing number of immigrants
e. / increasing number of senior citizens
ANS:EPTS:1REF:20OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
56.The fastest growing racial/ethnic group within the United States is ______.
a. / African Americanb. / Hispanic
c. / French
d. / Hispanic
e. / Dutch
ANS:DPTS:1REF:22OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
57.A Hispanic is someone who claims heritage ______.
a. / in a French speaking countryb. / from nations of the North American continent
c. / from Spanish conquistadors
d. / by crossing the Rio Grande
e. / from a Spanish speaking country other than Spain
ANS:EPTS:1REF:22OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
58.The three largest Hispanic groups come from ______.
a. / Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and from the Virgin Islandsb. / Costa Rico, Cuba, and Mexico
c. / Argentina, Mexico, and Dominica
d. / Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Cuba
e. / Chile, Brazil, and Honduras
ANS:DPTS:1REF:22OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
59.Almost 60 percent of all Hispanics come from ______.
a. / Brazilb. / Puerto Rico
c. / Cuba
d. / Mexico
e. / Spain
ANS:DPTS:1REF:22OBJ:LO5
NOT:Factual
60.Why is the growing Hispanic population politically important?
a. / Hispanics give overwhelming support to Republican Party candidates.b. / Hispanics give overwhelming support to Democratic Party candidates.
c. / Hispanics divide their votes evenly between the two major parties.
d. / Hispanics have the highest rate of voter participation of any ethnic group.
e. / Hispanics have the highest rate of per capita giving of any ethnic group.
ANS:BPTS:1REF:22OBJ:LO5
NOT:Applied
61.One of the major problems with globalization is ______.
a. / dual citizenship of many of those employed by multinational corporationsb. / lack of an easy way to pay for goods and services in a global economy
c. / multinational corporations are accountable only to the country where the business began
d. / most multinational corporations are anti-democratic
e. / that no single government can regulate multinational corporations
ANS:EPTS:1REF:23OBJ:LO5
NOT:Conceptual
62.The changes in globalization and technology must be recognized because ______.
a. / most citizens need to have access to a computerb. / individuals will be able to compete, collaborate, and communicate more easily
c. / textbooks will become obsolete as electronic books become more common
d. / individuals must be familiar with terms like 3G, applications, and cloud
e. / barriers to trade must be established to protect the U.S. economy
ANS:BPTS:1REF:23OBJ:LO5
NOT:Conceptual
63.Which statement is best supported by the information provided in the figure below?