Name ______Date ______
Ch 7 – Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
(Biology in Focus) – to be used in conjunction with Mr. Anderson video on Cellular Respiration
Concept 7.1 Catabolic Pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels
1. Define the following terms:
a. fermentation
b. aerobic respiration
2. What types of organic compounds can be consumed as fuel for cell respiration?
3. Explain what happens in a redox reaction.
4. Define:
a. reducing agent
b. oxidizing agent
5. One of the most potent oxidizing agents is ______.
6. Look at the equation for cellular respiration on p. 137. Which substance is being oxidized? Which substance is being reduced?
7. What is the purpose of NAD+? (remember this – important)
8. What is the purpose of an electron transport chain? How does it work?
9. What is oxidative phosphorylation? How is it used in cellular respiration?
Concept 7.2 Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate
10. Label the summary of glycolysis below. (p. 141) – You should memorize the products and reactants in this.
Figure 7.8
**Also note in Figure 7.9 how each step requires a different enzyme
Concept 7.3 After pyruvate is oxidized, the citric acid cycle completes the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules.
11. Summarize the reactants and the products of the Citric Acid Cycle.
12. What does Acetyl-CoA combine with to start the cycle?
13. Why is the citric acid cycle considered a cycle?
Concept 7.4 During oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis
14. How many ATP does glycolysis and the citric acid cycle produce?
15. Explain how the electron transport chain works.
16. Define chemiosmosis.
17. Explain how ATP is synthesized using the following diagram. (p. 145)
18. How many ATP can one NADH create?
19. How many ATP can one FADH2 create? Why does it create less than NADH?
20. How much of the original potential energy of glucose has actually been transferred to ATP?
21. What happens to the rest of the potential energy that has not been transferred to ATP?
22. How have some animals adapted to the reduction in efficiency of cellular respiration?
Concept 7.5 Fermentation and anaerobic respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen.
23. What conditions force the cell to go into the fermentation process? At what point in the three processes of cellular respiration does this happen?
24. What molecule accepts the electrons from NADH in anaerobic fermentation?
25. Create a chart showing the difference between alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation in terms of the pathways, products and what types of cells these occur in.
26. What is the evolutionary significance of glycolysis?
Concept 7.6 Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways
27. What is beta-oxidation? What is its function?
28. Label Figure 7.18 below.
29. What is the above figure showing you?