Ch 31 Vocabulary List

Ch 31 vocabulary list

1. pathogen

1. infectious disease

1. nonspecific defense

1. inflammatory response

1. histamine

1. interferon

1. immunity

1. antigen

1. antibody

1. B cell

1. T cell

1. plasma cell

1. humoral immunity
2. cell-mediated immunity

1. cytotoxic T cell

1. helper T cell

1. memory cell

1. vaccine

1. active immunity

1. passive immunity

1. allergy

1. autoimmune disease

1. AIDS

1. HIV

Chapter 31 – Vocabulary

1. pathogen- a disease-causing organism or virus (Concepts 16.4, 31.1)

1. infectious disease- disease caused by a pathogen (Concept 31.1)

1. nonspecific defense- physical or chemical barrier that prevents pathogens from entering the body (Concept 31.2)

1. inflammatory response- nonspecific defense against infection, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain (Concept 31.2)

1. histamine- chemical alarm signal released by mast cells that causes blood vessels to dilate during an inflammatory response (Concept 31.2)

1. interferon- protein produced by cells in response to being infected by a virus; helps other cells resist the virus (Concept 31.2)

1. immunity- resistance to a specific pathogen (Concept 31.3)

1. antigen- foreign molecule that provokes an immune response (Concept 31.3)

1. antibody- protein in blood plasma that attaches to a particular antigen (Concept 31.3)

1. B cell- lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity (Concept 31.3)

1. T cell- lymphocyte that matures in the thymus; is responsible for cell-mediated immunity and also plays a role in humoral immunity (Concept 31.3)

1. plasma cell- antibody-secreting B cell (Concept 31.3)

1. humoral immunity- specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids (Concept 31.3)

1. cell-mediated immunity- type of immunity produced by T cells that attack infected or abnormal body cells (Concept 31.3)

1. cytotoxic T cell- lymphocyte that attacks body cells infected with pathogens (Concept 31.3)

1. helper T cell- lymphocyte that activates cytotoxic T cells and stimulates B cells to produce antibodies (Concept 31.3)

1. memory cell- long-lasting lymphocyte formed during the primary immune response that is reactivated on exposure to the same pathogen, quickly producing many clones (Concept 31.3)

1. vaccine- dose of a disabled or destroyed pathogen (or part of a pathogen) used to stimulate a long-term immune defense against the pathogen (Concepts 16.5, 31.4)

1. active immunity- immunity provided by the body producing its own antibodies against a particular antigen; results from exposure to the antigen via infection or vaccine (Concept 31.4)

1. passive immunity- resistance to a particular pathogen that results when the body acquires antibodies for it, as when a baby receives antibodies from its mother (Concept 31.4)

1. allergy- abnormal immune system sensitivity to an otherwise harmless antigen (Concept 31.5)

1. autoimmune disease- disorder in which the immune system attacks the body's own molecules (Concept 31.5)

1. AIDS- acquired immune deficiency syndrome; the late stages of HIV infection (Concept 31.5)

1. HIV- (human immunodeficiency virus): virus that destroys helper T cells and causes AIDS (Concept 31.5)