Ch 15: the Digestive System (Page 401-429)

Ch 15: the Digestive System (Page 401-429)

Ch 15: The Digestive System (page 401-429)

Objectives:

1) Describe the general functions of the digestive system.

2) Name the major organs of the digestive system.

3) Describe the functions of each organ within the digestive system.

4) Explain how the contents in the alimentary canal are mixed and moved. (flow of food)

5) Explain how food is digested and nutrients are absorbed.

6) List and describe disorders of the digestive system.

Vocab:

Word / Meaning
Alimentary Canal
Mucosa/Mucosa Membrane
Lumen
Submucosa
Muscular Layer
Serosa/Serous Layer
Segmentation
Peristalsis
Palate
Uvula
Salivary Glands
Salivary Amylase
Parotid Glands
Submandibular Glands
Sublingual Glands
Pharynx
Bolus
Lower Esophageal Sphincter
Pyloric Sphincter
Gastric Glands
Gastric Juice
Pepsin
Pepsinogen
Chyme
Pancreatic Juice
Hepatic Ducts
Bile
Cystic Duct
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Mesentery
Intestinal Villi
Ileocecal Sphincter
Appendix
Transverse Colon
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon

Know the following parts of the digestive system:

Mouth, tongue, salivary glands, teeth, esophagus, stomach (cardiac sphincter, pyloric sphincter, rugae), small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), Large Intestine (ascending colon, transverse col on, d escending colon), pancreas, liver, and gallbladder.

Chapter 15 Reading Guide

1) What organs constitute the digestive system?

2) Describe the wall of the alimentary canal.

3) Name the two basic types of movements in the alimentary canal.

4) How do primary teeth differ from secondary teeth?

5) What is the function of saliva?

6) What are some factors that stimulate saliva production?

7) List the 3 major saliva glands and describe their location.

8) Describe the regions of the pharynx.

9) Review the steps involved with swallowing on page 410. What role do each of the following structures play in the process of swallowing?

  1. uvula
  2. larynx
  3. epiglottis
  4. tongue
  5. pharynx
  6. esophagus

10) What are the secretions of the chief cells and parietal cells?

11) Why doesn’t the stomach digest itself?

12) What controls gastric juice secretion.

13) How is chyme produced?

14) List the enzymes in pancreatic juice and describe each of their functions.

15) The liver has many functions in digestion, as listed in table 15.3 on page 418. What effect would hepatitis have on the functioning of the body? (see pg 419 “Hepatitis)

16) How does bile form?

17) Describe the function of the gall bladder.

18) How do bile salts function in digestion.

19) List the parts of the small intestine and describe their function.

20) List the intestinal digestive enzymes and their functions.

21) Describe how fatty acids are absorbed and transported.

22) What stimulus relaxes the ileocecal sphincter?

23) List the parts of the large intestine.

24) What substances does the large intestine absorb?

25) List the major events that occur during defacation.

26) How does peristalsis in the large intestine differ from peristalsis in the small intestine?