Cell Structure & Infectious cells

  1. Provides energy for the cell by breaking down sugar molecules in cellular respiration

Cytoplasm chloroplastMitochondriaGolgi apparatus

  1. Provides food for a plant cell by collecting energy from the sun during photosynthesis

Mitochondria chloroplastcytoplasmvacuole

  1. Allows material to enter or exit the cell & protects the contents of the cell

Cytoplasmcell wallcell membranevacuole

  1. What type of cell attaches to a cell membrane, injects genetic material, duplicates until the cell burst & dies

Parasitevectorvirusbacteria

  1. How does mold most often infect your body?

Gets on skin & cause irritation spores enter through a vectorbreath in spores to infect the lungs

  1. How does a cold virus most often get in your body?

Enters body through an open wound breath in through the mouth or noseeating contaminated food

  1. How would a parasite in the intestines most likely affect the digestive system?

Give you a stomach virus keep you from absorbing nutrientscause you to have hunger pains

  1. What process helps organisms use oxygen to get energy from food?

Cellular respirationphotosynthesisbreathingfermentation

  1. An organism that carries a disease that can be passed to humans.

Parasitevectorvirusbacteria

  1. Control center of the cell

Cytoplasmcell wallnucleusvacuole

  1. Tiny particle with nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat that can only reproduce inside a living cell by injecting its DNA & causes an infection

Fungusvirusbacteriamold

  1. List 3 Differences in plant and animal cells

______

  1. Why is cellular respiration important to a cell?

Provides foodbuilds partsprovides energy

  1. How is the cell wall & cell membrane similar?

Both protectboth aid in photosynthesisboth provide the rigid structure and shape

  1. Identify the cell on the right as a plant or animal cell

Plant or animal

  1. Identify the type of cell being used in a positive way to help in the environment or in industries?

A)healthy digestive systems, production of dairy products (cheese, yogurt), Oxygen for the environment, insulin production for diabetic patients

Fungusvirusbacteriamold

B)used to make certain antibiotics

Fungusvirusbacteriamold

C) use to make breads rise and alcohol from fermentation by producing CO2

Fungusvirusbacteriamold

Heredity

17.Use a punnett square to cross one heterozygous parent with one homozygous recessive parent parents: (use the letter E)

18.What percent is pure recessive? ______

19.What is the genotype and phenotype for the offspring in percentages for two heterozygous parents(R = round & r = wrinkled)

______

20.Number the following in order form smallest to largest:: Chromosome, allele, nucleus, DNA

  1. Use the pedigree to answer the following questions
  1. How many females express the trait of color-blindness? ______
  2. If the female from generation IV-6 marries a dominant male

(non-color blind), what is the chance of having a daughter

with the disorder? ______A son with the disorder? ______

Xn= color blind

XN = not color blind

22. What is it called when the actual DNA is altered in some way by inserting a needed gene directly into a cell to help cure a disease or improve a crop selective breeding pure breeding genetic engineering genetic resistance

23.What is it called when specific traits are selected in the parents in order to ensure they are passed to the offspring & the genes are not actually altered?selective breeding vaccinating genetic engineering genetic resistance

24.Incomplete dominance: If a Red flower (RR) is crossed with a white flower (WW) What percent of the offspring are pink (RW)

  1. Based on the pedigree below, what can we determine about the phenotype of the offspring in the 3rd generation?

______

Ecology and Adaptations

26. What type of biome would the following adaptations help an organism survive best?

A. Nocturnal & storing water: desert tundra rainforest

B. white fur, layer of fat, hibernation: desert tundra rainforest

C. bright colors (attract a mate), camouflage (hide from predators), poison: desert tundra rainforest

D. large leaves to collect more sunlight: desert tundra rainforest

E. do not lose their needle shaped leaves: desert tundra rainforest

Grass grasshopper lizard Hawk

27. What would happen to the herbivore population if the number of hawks increased? increase or decrease

28. If the disease mouse-scratch fever wipes out the mouse population, what would happen to the snake population?

increase or decrease

29. What do the arrows represent in the food web?

30. Which organism in the pyramid is the tertiary consumer?

Grassgrasshopperlizardhawk

31. Which organism in the pyramid has the most energy available?

Grassgrasshopperlizardhawk

32. Why is the pyramid used to show energy flow in an ecosystem?

33. Why does the amount of energy available decrease in the pyramid?

Lost to decomposers Lost as heatLess sunlight becomes available

34. Circle the primary consumers in the web.

snake Grassgrasshopperlizardhawkrabbit mouse

35. What would happen to this ecosystem if the producers were to decrease?

36. What would happen to this ecosystem if the producers were to increase?