Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7

Cells are very diverse. What different kinds of cells do you have in your body? Name 5 kinds.

______

 ______

 ______

 ______

 ______

Even though cells are very different in function and appearance, all cells have certain features in common.

 All cells have a ______membrane. What are its 3 functions?

  • ______
  • ______
  • ______

 All cells use ______as a hereditary blueprint.

Where is this material found?

  • In prokaryotes…______
  • In eukaryotes…______

 All cells contain ______, all of the material inside the cell membrane except the nucleus.

 All cells must acquire and expend ______.

  • Where do green plants get their energy? ______
  • Where do plant-eating animals (herbivores) get their energy? ______
  • Where do animals that eat other animals (carnivores) get their energy? ______
  • What is the ultimate source (either directly or indirectly) of all energy for plants and animals? ______
  • What would happen to life on Earth if the sunlight were blocked from the earth’s surface? ______

All cells are small in size.

  • The first cells were not seen until the late ______when early microscopes were developed.
  • Why are organisms made of many small cells and not one big cell?

…because cells depend on the process of ______to move many substances through the cell and in and out of the cell. Diffusion is very ______.

Eukaryotic cells all have similar features

 The control center of the cell is called the ______.

  • It is enclosed by a double membrane called the

______.

  • Openings in the nuclear envelope called ______allow for movement of substances in and out of the nucleus.
  • Structures inside the nucleus that contain DNA and proteins are called ______.
  • Since DNA cannot leave the nucleus, genetic information is copied into molecules of ______and sent out into the cytoplasm. This information is used to manufacture ______.
  •  Name 5 ways plants can use large central vacuoles.
  • ______
  • ______
  • ______
  • ______
  • ______

 What cell organelles are known as “powerhouses of the cell”?

______

  •  What is the function of these organelles? ______
  •  In what kinds of cells would you expect to find large numbers of these organelles? ______
  •  In the space below label the picture of this organelle. Label the following in the diagram: outer membrane, inner membrane, cristae, matrix, intermembrane compartment.

 An organelle that is responsible for photosynthesis is the ______.

  •  In what organisms is this organelle found?

______

  •  In the space below draw a picture of a chloroplast. Label these structures in your diagram: outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoid, granum (stack of thylakoids).

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