CAREERS IN THERAPEUTIC SERVICES: PHARMACOLOGY
OUTLINE FOR NOTES
HEALTH CARE CAREERS NAME: ______
1. The most familiar and visible people working in the pharmacy industry are the individuals who fill or
assist in filling ______. They also educate the clients on how to use their medications safely and correctly.
2. The pharmacy ______assists the pharmacist with clerical duties such as answering the phone, billing, stocking shelves, cashier, maintaining inventory, preparing insurance claim forms, etc.
3. The pharmacy______usually has a certificate or associate degree. They must read, fill, and dispense prescriptions under the direction of the licensed pharmacist. They may fulfill all the duties of the pharmacy aide, and also retrieve, count, pour, weigh, measure, and sometimes mix the medications.The pharmacy technician prepares prescription labels, selects the type of containers, and affixes the labels to the containers. They must be able to communicate with doctors and clients.
4. The registered ______is an expert on medications. The pharmacist advises physicians and other health practitioners on the selection, dosages, interactions (the effect of using one substance on another), and side effects of medications.The pharmacist counsels clients and answers questions about prescription drugs, those that can only be dispensed via a written order of a physician. This includes possible adverse reactions and interactions. They give advice about medical equipment and home health care supplies.
5. The pharmacist provides ______and ______for over-the-counter (OTC)drugs… those that can be purchased without a prescription.
6. A pharmaceutical ______works as a part of a team in developing new medications. They also refine or improve existing medications.
7. A pharmaceutical ______combines science with business. They travel to pharmacies, clinics, and hospitals to meet with doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. They promote the use of new drugs and drug therapies available through the company they represent. They may provide trial samples.
8. The United States Pharmacopeia (______) and the National Formulary (______) are both national listings of the generic names of medications.
A. A drug label includes the ______name, in capital letters, and the ______name. TYLENOL is a brand name; ‘acetaminophen’ is the generic name. This is a medicationcommonly used for pain and fever.
B. Drug labels include the ______of the medication. Some medications are offered in numerous forms: such as tablets, capsules, or liquids.
C. A drug label indicates the ______in the container, such as the number of tablets or the amount of liquid.
D. Drug labels indicate the ______. This tells how the medication is to be taken… by mouth, topically, eardrops, eye drops, IV, etc.
E. A drug label lists ______, such as “may be habit forming”, “stay out of sunlight”, “take with food”, “shake well”, “do not refrigerate”, “this drug may cause drowsiness”
F. Drug labels give ______when appropriate, such as “store in the refrigerator” or “store away from light”.
G. The label also gives ______, such as the name of the manufacturer and expiration date of the medication.
9. Oral medications are often packaged in ______. A single dose may be contained in small foil or plastic packages. Packages of multiple-dose medications may have child-resistant lids. A physician may order or a client may request a non-child resistant container.
10. ______(OTC) medications can be dispensed without a prescription, but can still have side effects or interfere with other medications taken. They may be the same as prescription medications, only in lower doses.
11. Medications sometimes interfere with each other OR with other substances. This is called a drug
______, and can either cause a medication not to work OR cause side effects not normally found.
12. The consumption of alcohol, smoking cigarettes, or consuming too much caffeine is ‘contra-indicated’ with some drugs.
The client should never take ANY type of medications during ______without the advice of physician.
13. Some drugs can be hazardous to the drug handler. The pharmacist or pharmacy technician must guard against exposure to hazardous drugs.
______materials are substances that can damage body tissues.
______materials are poisonous to cells such as anti-neoplastic drugs (those used to treat cancer). The pharmacist must practice standard operating procedures and wear protective equipment to minimize risk of exposure.
14. Prescription medications are also called ______drugs, and can only be dispensed with a label that reads “Caution: Federal Law Prohibits Dispensing Without a Prescription”.
15. The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 was created to combat and control drug abuse. It defines 5 categories of controlled substances:
A. Schedule _____Substances: No accepted medical use and high abuse potential (Heroin, LSD)
B. Schedule ____ Substances: High abuse potential or physical dependence liability (codeine, oxycodone Percodan, Dilaudid, Ritalin)
C. Schedule ____ Substances: Some narcotic effects (Tyloenol with codeine, pentobarbital and secobarbital compounds)
D. Schedule ____ Substances: Limited abuse potential (Darvon, Valilum, Xanax, Phenobarbital, Miltown, Librium).
E. Schedule ____ Substances: Less abuse potential; generally antidiarrheals and analgesic meds
16.
______: before meals
______: as desired
______or______: twice a day
____ or ______: hourly
______: hour of sleep, bedtime
____ or ______: night
______: after meals
______or ______: as necessary
_____ or ______: every day
______: every hour
______or ______: every 2 hours
______or ______: four times a day
______: every other day
______: immediately
______or ______: three times a day