CARBOHYDRATES. Student: Group Nr: Data:
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Choose from Window on menu bar a bookmarks and in folder MedulaTutor select BioChem folder and inside which select the SaccharideViewer, so will have lunched application Saccharide Viewer from data server Medula at RSU (AML) our university local network.
Adresse:
You should choose from Saccharide Viewer Selector the Frame Right preferring, according given names below!
See on description of laboratory work task!
Draw the retained saccharide molecules as well as projections of opened or hemiacetal and hemiketal structures.
IUPAC recommendations suggested by Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JCBN) 1985 year rules for abbreviations and linkage use on saccharide units and its connections itself into Disaccharides, Trisaccharides, Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides.
GlcUA, D-glucuronic acid; IdUA, L-iduronic acid; GlcN, D-glucosamine; GalN, D-galactosamine;
Glc, D-Glucose; Gal, D-galactose; Man, D-mannose; ManN, D-mannosamine;
Xyl, D-xylose; NeuAc, N-acetyl-Neuraminic acid; GlcNAc, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine;.
To investigate the atoms making up the molecule structure :
In the Eric Marz HTLM representation use in to a new opened window ;
Viewed one bond stick is the single bond like the sigma bond and double or triple bonds like the pi bonds ;
MDL format Mol representation are initial (look initial frames of saccharides by choosing name on select bar).
Atom Name Symbol Colour Valence Number (compound)
Carbon CMelns BlackPelēks Gray lightly4 (organic)
Hydrogen HBaltsWhite1
Oxygen O Sarkans Red2 (oxy, oxo, carboxyl)
Nitrogen N gaiši Zils Bluish3 + 1 (donor acceptor)(amines)
Sulfur S gaiši Dzeltens Yellow2 & 6 (sulfide) & (sulfate)
Phosphor P intensīvi Dzeltens5 & 3 (phosphate fosfåti)
Yellow Dark
Sodium Fepelēki Dzeltens2 & 3 (ion 2+ &3+)
Yellow Orange2 &3 (coordination up to 6)
Sodium Na intensīvi Zils Blue1 (coordination up to 6)(ion 1+)
Calcium Ca2+tumši Pelēks2 (ion 2+ joni 2+)
Gray Dark(coordination up to 6)
1 Opened chain free aldehyde monosaccharides presented by Fisher'sprojection.
Tray the real interactive molecules using Chemscape tools by mouse and draw its structures!
Hexoses
D-Gluconate D-Glucose D-Mannose D-Glucuronate D-Fructose
2 aldo hexoses … … Epimers keto hexose
D-Glucose D-Galactose L-Galactose L-Fucose D-Fucose
Epimers Enantiomers Enantiomers
6-deoxy-L-Galactose 6-deoxy-D-Galactose
PentosesTetroses
D-Ribose 2-deoxy-D-Ribose D-Xylose D-Erythrose aldo tetrose
3 aldo pentoses … … …
Trioses & Sedoheptulose
D-Glyceraldehyde L-Glyceraldehyde D-Sedoheptulose
2 aldo trioses … … Enantiomers keto heptose
2 Cyclic hemiacetal or hemiketal monosaccharides presented by Haworth'sprojection.
Like Pyranose cycles like and Furanose cycles like .
Tray the real interactive molecules using Chemscape tools by mouse and draw its structures!
-L-Glucopyranose -L-Glucopyranose -D-Glucopyranose -D-Glucopyranose
2 Glucopyranoses Enantiomers Epimers
-L-Galactopyranose -D-Galactopyranose -D-Glucopyranose -D-Mannopyranose
Enantiomers on C4 Epimers Epimers on C2
-D-fructofuranose D-fructose open-chain Fisher projection-D-fructofuranose
(9%)or free ketone form (0.01%) (31%)
-D-ribofuranose --D-ribofuranose -D-2-deoxy-ribofuranose
Show the -D-ribofuranose , -D-ribofuranose (RNA) and -D-2-deoxy-ribofuranose (DNA) component.
A. LactoseShow the five given A, B, C, D and E disaccharide molecules - only as Haworth projections!
-D-galactose unit -D-glucose unit
-lactose (from the milk of mammals)
Haworth projections for connection Gal(14)Glc-
B. Maltose
-D-glucose unit -D-glucose unit
Haworth projections for connection Glc(14)Glc-
C. Sucrose
D. Cellobiose
-D-glucose unit -D-glucose unit
E. Chitin trioseHaworth projections for connection Glc(14)Glc-
-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine unit -N-acetyl-D-glucosamine unit N-acetyl-D-glucosamine unit
Haworth projections for connection GlcNA(14)GlcNA(14)GlcNA-
Show the eight given disaccharide units of Proteoglycan components - only as Haworth projections!
Chondroitin 6-sulfateChondroitin 4-sulfate
GlcUA(13)GalNAc(14)GlcUA(13)GalNAc(14)
-D-Glucuronate unit 6-O-Sulfate -D-Glucuronate unit 4-O-Sulfate
-N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine-6-sulfate -N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine-4-sulfate
Keratan (6-Sulfate)Hyaluronate polysaccharide unit
Gal(14)GlcNAc(13) GlcUA(13)GlcNAc(14)
-D-Galactose unit (6-O-Sulfate) -D-Glucuronate unit
-N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine (-6-Sulfate)-N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine
HeparinHeparan sulfate
-L-Iduronate unit (14)IdUA(14)GlcNSO-3(14) (14)GlcUA(14)GlcNSO-3(14)
2-O-Sulfate 2-O-Sulfate 6-O-Sulfate -D-Glucuronate unit 6-O-Sulfate
-N-Acetyl or N-sulfo-D-glucosamine-N-Acetyl or N-sulfo-D-glucosamine
Dermatan sulfate
GlcUA(13)GalNAc(14) IdUA(13)GalNAc(14)
-D-Glucuronate unit 6-O-Sulfate -L-Iduronate unit 4-O-Sulfate
-N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine-6-sulfate -N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine-4-sulfate
A. Amylose Show the five given A, B, C, D and E polysaccharide molecules - only as Haworth projections!
-D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit
Haworth projections for connection Glc(14)Glc(14)Glc-
B. AmyloPectin
-D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit
Glc(14)Glc(16)
Haworth projections for connectionGlc(14)Glc(14)Glc-
C. Cyclo Hexa Amylose
-D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit
-D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit -D-Glucose unit
Haworth projections for connection Glc(14)Glc(14)Glc(14)Glc(14)Glc(14)Glc(14)
D. Mucin linear fragment
-D-Mannose unit -D-Mannose unit -N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine unit
-D-Mannose unit -N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine unit
Haworth projections for connection Man(12)Man(13)Man(14)GlcNAc(14)GlcNAc-
E. Mucin branched (forked) fragment
-D-Mannose unit -D-Mannose unit
-D-Mannose unit -D-Mannose unit -N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine unit
-D-Mannose unit -N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine unit
-D-Mannose unit Man(13)Man(16)
Haworth projections for connection Man(12) Man(12)Man(13)Man(14)GlcNAc(14)GlcNAc-
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