Unit 11 Digestive and Excretory SystemsName ______

C. 30- Happiness: a good bank account, a good cook, and a good digestion.

Pg. 859 – 893- Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Section 1. Organization of the Human Body (pages 862 – 867)

Obj. 1. Describe how the human body is organized.

Obj. 2. Explain homeostasis.

  1. Describe each of the four types of tissues found in animals.
  2. Epithelial tissue;
  1. Connective tissue;
  1. Nervous tissue;
  1. Muscle tissue;
  1. List the Organ systems of the human body. (page 864 – figure 30-2)
  1. Describe the functions of three of the systems listed in question 2.
  1. Define feedback inhibition. Describe how the maintenance of our body temperature is similar to a thermostat system in a house.
  1. What are two roles of the liver in maintaining homeostasis? (p. 867)
  1. How are the feelings of hunger and fullness an example of feedback inhibition?

Section 2. Food and Nutrition. (pages 868 – 873)

Obj. 1. Explain how food provides energy.

Obj. 2. Identify the essential nutrients your body needs and tell how each is important to the body.

Obj. 3. Explain how to plan a balanced diet.

  1. What are two reasons that animals eat?
  1. What are the nutrients that the body needs?
  1. What are vitamins? What is the difference between the fat-soluble vitamins and the water- soluble vitamins?
  1. What is meant by the term “balanced diet”?
  1. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
  1. A serving of the excellent cereal “Cracklin’ Oat Bran” contains 34 g carbohydrates, 7 g fat and 4 g protein. Approximately how many Calories does it contain? (page 873)
  1. About how many calories does the average teen female and male need/day?

Section 3. The Digestive System (pages 875 – 881)

Obj. 1. Describe the organs of the digestive system and explain their functions.

Obj. 2. Explain what happens during digestion.

Obj. 3. Describe how nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream and wastes are eliminated from the body.

  1. What are the purposes of the digestive system?
  1. Define the four phases of digestion, ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination.
  1. How do your teeth help you to ingest and digest your food? (p. 876)
  1. What is the function of amylase? Lysozyme?
  1. How does peristalsis help to move food down the esophagus?
  1. How does the stomach help in digesting food? What are the three compounds the stomach produces and what are their functions?
  1. What are the purposes of the cardiac and pyloric sphincters of the stomach?
  1. What is the purpose of the small intestine? How do the pancreas, the liver and the gall bladder help?
  1. Compare the functions of the small intestine with the large.
  1. What impact do the folds and villi of the small intestine have on absorption?

Section 4. The Excretory System (pages 882 – 887)

Obj. 1. Describe the structures of the Excretory System and explain their functions.

Obj. 2. Explain how the kidneys clean the blood.

Obj. 3 Describe how the kidneys maintain homeostasis.

  1. List the organs that are involved in excretion.
  1. Why is excretion important for homeostasis?
  1. What substances do the kidneys remove from the blood.
  1. Explain what happens during filtration, reabsorption, and urine excretion.
  1. Describe how the kidneys help maintain water balance.
  1. Why do you think protein and glucose in the urine are signs of kidney damage?