Round 4
Buzzer Question:“What is your favorite movie?”
Tossups:
1. Johann Lambert wrote the continued fraction representation of this function in which it is irrational for any rational not equal to zero. The Maclaurin series for this function starts “x plus one-third x cubed plus two-fifteenths x to the fifth” and so on. When this function is applied to a two-part sum, it is equal to the separate sums of this function over one minus the product of this function applied to both independent values. It has a period equal to pi, and this function’s derivative is secant squared. The value for this function at 45 degrees is one. For ten points, name this trigonometric function defined by the ratios of opposite over adjacent and sine over cosine.
Answer: tangent function
2. This river’s source is in Zadoi County and it eventually flows south into Yunnan. The first European to find this river was Antonio de Faria, and there are floating markets on this river in Can Tho. It is crossed at one points by several “Friendship” bridges and at another junction this river meets the Ruak river. The city of Pakse lies on this river’s banks and it is also the met by the Tonle Sap, which has a notable population of giant catfish. This river’s name is derived from a term meaning “Mother of Waters” in Thai. This river flows through Vientiane and Phnom Penh. For ten points, name this largest river in Southeast Asia.
Answer: Mekong River
3. In the Wonders of Britain, King Arthur named his favorite hunting dog after this creature. In Crime and Punishment, Raskolnikov has a dream in which he sees a crowd beat an old one of these creatures to death. In Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina, Count Vronsky is forced to kill one named Fru-Fru. In Animal Farm, Boxer is a hard working one of these animals who is sent to the knackers when he is unable to work anymore. Ichabod Crane borrows Gunpowder, one of these animals. For ten points, mice change into these animals in order to pull a carriage in Charles Perrault’s version of Cinderella.
Answer: horse
4. According to Plutarch this man died in prison after he was accused of embezzling gold for one of his projects. This man was once commissioned to sculpt a group of heroes from the Battle of Marathon, including an image of Miltiades. One of his works was Aphrodite of Elis and this teacher of Alcamenes and Agoracritus also created a work which has a relief of the birth of Pandora on its pedestal. Another one of his works shows a figure holding a small statue of Nike in one hand and an eagle on a scepter in the other. For ten points, name this sculptor of Athena Parthenos and Zeus at Olympia.
Answer: Phidias
5. It’s not World War II, but the first systematic usage of concentration camps was during this conflict. Winston Churchill worked as a correspondent during this conflict. It was initiated by the Jameson Raid and it also included the Siege of Ladysmith. The two sides in this conflict held the Bloemfontein conference with each other months before it began. This conflict was ended at the Treaty of Vereeniging [Veh-ray-nih-ghing], and afterwards the Orange Free State and Transvaal Republic were integrated into a dominion. For ten points, name this conflict between the British Empire and a Dutch-descended group in modern day South Africa.
Answer: Second Boer War [or Anglo-Boer War]
6. Opal, Ochre, and Amber sequences end this process by binding release factors.
Antibiotics like streptomycin inhibit this process in bacteria, which occurs in the cytoplasm. Aminoacyl synthetases are needed to prime a class of crucial molecules in this process. Peptidyl transferases induce a conformational change that allows a certain clover shaped molecule to move from A to the P sites during this process. The wobble hypothesis explains why there are only about 31 tRNA’s needed in this process. For ten points, name this biological process in which ribosomes read mRNA transcripts and code for amino acids, the first step in protein development.
Answer: translation
7. This character is given “Pain-Killer” to treat his melancholy but rebels by pouring it into a crack in the floor and giving it to Peter, the cat. This character is bribed to memorize Bible verses with the gift of a Barlow knife. In another novel, this character is shot in the leg by his Uncle Phelps during an elaborate escape. This character confused the first two disciples with David and Goliath and plays Robin Hood “by the book” with his friend Joe Harper. This character gets lost in a cave with his girlfriend, Becky Thatcher. This character witnesses Injun Joe murder Dr. Robinson after the men rob a grave. For ten points name this character who tricks his friends into whitewashing his aunt’s fence for him.
Answer: TomSawyer(either name acceptable)
8.John Quincy Adams was the last president to serve a full four-year term while not performing this action. No action is taken in this activity’s “pocket” form and when this is performed on specific provisions it is called a “line-item” type.The person who performed this action the most was Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and it was originally described in Article 1 of the Constitution as an “executive revisionary power.” These actions can be overridden if two thirds of both chambers of congress agree to do so. For ten points, name this action, which involves the President of the United States refusing to approve a bill or joint resolution.
Answer: presidential veto
9. This man appointed Herod the king of Judea after an invasion of Parthia and AulusHirtius was killed attacking this man’s camps. He helped AulusGabinius restore Ptolemy XII to the throne in Egypt and this man’s wife Fulvia supported him in the Perusine War. Cicero’s head and hands were sent to this leader after Cicero attacked him in his writings and this man was defeated at the Battle of Actium. He had earlier supported another leader during the Battle of Philippi. For ten points, name this member of the Second Triumvirate who committed suicide to avoid capture by Octavian.
Answer: Marc Antony [accept Marcus Antonius]
10. One form of this deity named Harpocrates is represented as a boy with one lock of hair who wears two crowns. This deity was once combined with Sobek and one of his body parts was supposedly buried in a mountain before blooming into lotuses. This deity’s mother accidentally hit him with a harpoon and in another fight, he lost one of his eyes. Pharaohs were thought to be physical avatars of this deity, who also fathered the gods responsible for guarding canopic jars. The wedjat symbolizes this husband of Hathor, who once fooled his opponent in a competition by giving him a boat made of stone. A falcon-headed god, for ten points, name this deity who defeated Set to avenge his father, Osiris.
Answer: Horus
11. According to most accounts this city was founded by a Norwegian mercenary named Captain Jon Logerquist. Several notable landmarks in this city include the Park Row Theater and Daggett Enterprise building. Its former police Commissioner, Gillian Loeb, was forced to resign under accusations of corruption and a popular radio host based in this city is Jack Ryder. This city was plagued by a serial murderer known as the “Holiday Killer” in The Long Halloween, and this city’s Otisburg District is home to the Ace Chemicals building. Roman Sionis leads a crime syndicate in this city which is also dominated by the Maroni and Falcone crime families. Home of the Iceberg Lounge and Blackgate Penitentiary this is, for ten points, what fictional New Jersey town famously patrolled by Batman?
Answer: Gotham City
12. The kinetics that dictate the transfer of this process’ stages are described by the Van Deemter equation. Under set conditions, the movement of one component in this process is described by Kovat’s index. Mass spectrometry is used after this technique during a far-eastern blot, which comes in “flash” and “planar” forms. It contains a stationary and a mobile phase, and it commonly uses affinity beads. It is often performed in silica-rich plates and comes in thin-layer, column, and gas varieties. A simple form of this technique can be performed with paper, water, and a black inkspot, which eventually culminates in the separation of ink colors. For ten points, name this laboratory technique in which substances are separated by different mobilities in a solvent.
Answer: chromatography
13. This phenomenon is described as an erroneous connection between thought and action in the book Primitive Cultures by the British anthropologist Edward Tylor. It was described as being inherently anti-social by Marcel Mauss and it is one of the primary subjects of a work describing the agriculture of the Trobriand islanders. Two proposed laws that describe the function of this phenomenon include the Law of Similarity and the Law of Contagion. Theurgists are people who engage in this practice, which is included in the title of a work by Malinowski describing The Coral Gardens and this phenomenon. The “sympathetic” type has similarities to the imitative type, a fact described in a work by James Frazer. For ten points, name this cultural practice, called the “opposite of science” in The Golden Bough, a phenomenon that may be wielded by sorcerers.
Answer: magic
14. Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach wrote two Sonatas and a Concerto in G for this instrument which was notably composed by Mozart. In Carnival of the Animals, this instrument was only featured in the foreground during the 10th movement, Volière. Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf opens with a duck arguing with an animal represented by this instrument. Both Ravel’s Bolero and Debussy’s Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun open with this instrument playing a solo. For ten points, Prince Tamino receives the power to turn sorrow into joy with a magical one of these woodwind instruments, which is often used to represent songbirds.
Answer: flute [do not accept piccolo or recorder]
15. In one of this author’s works, an old man finds the titular location and has to take pills before sleeping next to drugged virgins. In a short story by this author, a high school student is attracted to the drum-playing titular character, but laughs when he realizes in a public bath she is much younger than he thought she was. Besides “The House of Sleeping Beauties” and “The Dancing Girl of Izu,” this author wrote a novel in which Shimamura falls for a geisha named Komako, and another novel where the best player of the eponymous board game plays the youthful Otake. For ten points, name this author of Snow Country and The Master of Go.
Answer:YasunariKawabata
16. The two female lawyers of the defendant in this case, Sarah Weddington and Linda Coffee, previously filed suit in the District Court of Northern Texas, and then took it up to Supreme Court. The court opinion on this case was declared the same day as Doe v. Bolton. In opposition to this case, Congress passed the Hyde Amendment. This case relied on the right to privacy precedent set down in Griswold v. Connecticut. The majority opinion on this case was written by Harry Blackmun, who supported the case of Norma McCovey. This case was referred to in Planned Parenthood v Casey. For ten points, name this landmark 1973 Supreme Court case that dealt with laws outlawing abortion.
Answer:Roe v. Wade [or Wade v. Roe]
17. This member of the Uranium Club co-wrote a paper on dispersion with Hans Kramer and along with Max Born and Pascual Jordan, helped form matrix mechanics. Aside from discovering several allotropic forms of hydrogen, this man helped develop the S-matrix. His namesake thought experiment involves light passing through a microscope and inducing Compton recoil in an electron. This man’s namesake principle limits the precision to which both the position and momentum of a particle can be known simultaneously. For ten points, name this German physicist who developed his namesake Uncertainty Principle.
Answer: Werner Karl Heisenberg
18. The author of this poem describes a time when “your quaint honour turn to dust/And into ashes all my lust.” The speaker describes the grave as a lonely location where “none, I think, do embrace.” The narrator earlier describes finding gemstones near the Ganges and towards its end asks the addressee to roll “our sweetness up into one ball.” One section of this poem features a catalogue of body-part appraisals in which the author describes “a hundred years should go to praise/thine eyes and on thy forehead gaze.” The speaker describes how his “vegetable love” will grow “vaster than empires” and it concludes by claiming that the speaker and addressee can make their sun “run.” For ten points, name this poem which begins: “Had we but world enough and time,” a work by Andrew Marvell.
Answer: “To His Coy Mistress”
19. Timothy Pickering and Charles C. Pinckney were members of this political party, and a member of this political party, alongside Philip Schuyler, was the first senator of New York. That senator, Rufus King, was the last man in this political party to run for president. One figure wrote under the name Publius when publishing several documents detailing this political party’s beliefs. While George Washington did not publicly align himself with any political party, historians often classify him as a member of this political party. This political party supported a strong national government and members ideologically opposed the Democratic-Republicans. For ten points name this political party of John Adams and Alexander Hamilton.
Answer: Federalist Party
20. Followers of this man’s philosophy practiced a form of meditation known as jingzuo.This man proposed that social disorder derived from misconceptions about reality, an idea he hoped to fix through his theory of “rectifying names.” This philosopher was said to be a master of li and one of his system’s central tenets is known as ren, or humaneness. He famously established the five cardinal relationships, which include father and son, as well as subject and ruler. The Analects are the collected teachings of, for ten points, what Chinese scholar who notably founded a namesake school of thought centering on logic, education, and Chinese cultural traditions.
Answer:Confucius [or KongQui; or Kongzi]
21. One work by this author fictionalized the Sacco and Vanzetti case by having Mio Romagna attempt to prove his father’s innocence of robbery and murder charges. This poet also published a set of four poems concerning man’s relationship with time, the universe, and the divine in a collection known as Four Quartets. He describes “eyes I dare not meet in dreams,” in one poem, while he explores his Anglican faith in his work Ash Wednesday. In another poem by this man, the main character asks “do I dare to eat a peach?” and while he has “heard the mermaids singing, each to each,/I do not think that they will sing to me.” For ten points, name this author of “The Hollow Men” and “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.”
Answer: T. S. Eliot
Bonuses:
1. The invention of the daguerreotype helped create this new form of art, which was later refined and widely popularized by Kodak. For ten points each:
[10] Name this form of art, whose rise in popularity coincided with an international trend in pictorialism amidst the 19th and 20th centuries.
Answer: photography (accept “taking pictures” or equivalents)
[10] This famous photographer popularized the zone system, and predominantly captured the American Southwest in black and white.
Answer: Ansel Adams
[10] This other photographer captured several passengers aboard a ship in The Steerage. He was also married to Georgia O’Keefe.
Answer: Alfred Stieglitz
2. This project was formally named the Development of Substitute Materials. For ten points each:
[10] Name this project that produced the first atomic weapons. It was headquartered at Los Alamos, New Mexico.
Answer: Manhattan Project
[10] This aircraft dropped the first atomic bomb over Hiroshima and was on the mission that bombed Nagasaki. This aircraft was named after the mother of Paul Tibbets.
Answer: Enola Gay
[10] After the bombing of Nagasaki, the Japanese government signed the official surrender on this ship.
Answer: U.S.S. Missouri
3. 1997 and 1998 saw one of the most extreme events of this weather phenomenon in modern history. For ten points each:
[10] Name this climactic event that affects surface water off the west coast of South America and whose name refers to the Christ child.
Answer:El Nino (accept ENSO or El Nino- Southern Oscillation)
[10] Due to El Nino’s high surface temperatures, it largely stops this wind driven flow of cold, nutrient rich water from the ocean floor to its surface.
Answer: upwelling