BMJ Statistical Endnotes Wednesday, 03 October 2012

BMJ statistical endnotes Wednesday, 03 October 2012

Endgames / The normal distribution / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e6533 (Published 28 September 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Proportional quota sampling / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e6336 (Published 26 September 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Standardisation of outcome measures (z scores) / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e6178 (Published 14 September 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Hazards and hazard ratios / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5980 (Published 07 September 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Observational study design / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5856 (Published 05 September 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Absolute and relative risks / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5613 (Published 29 August 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Why randomise in clinical trials? / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5584 (Published 22 August 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Correlation / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5407 (Published 15 August 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Statistical tests for independent groups: time to event data / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5257 (Published 08 August 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Randomised controlled trials with full factorial designs / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e5114 (Published 01 August 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Confidence intervals and statistical significance: rules of thumb / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e4960 (Published 25 July 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Open clinical trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e4749 (Published 18 July 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Cluster randomised controlled trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e4654 (Published 11 July 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Pearson’s correlation coefficient / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;345:e4483 (Published 04 July 2012) / PDF
Endgames / What is sampling error? / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e4285 (Published 27 June 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Observational study designs / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e4209 (Published 21 June 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Meta-analyses: tests of heterogeneity / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3971 (Published 13 June 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Placebo run in periods / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3827 (Published 07 June 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Crossover trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3710 (Published 29 May 2012) / PDF
Endgames / What is recall bias? / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3519 (Published 23 May 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Non-parametric statistical tests for independent groups: numerical data / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3354 (Published 16 May 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Confidence intervals: predicting uncertainty / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3147 (Published 09 May 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Populations and samples / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e3048 (Published 02 May 2012) / PDF
used / Endgames / What are odds? / Philip Sedgwick / 2012;344:e2853 (Published 25 April 2012) / PDF
Endgames / The healthy entrant effect / Philip Sedgwick / 2012;344:e2728 (Published 18 April 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Non-parametric statistical tests for two related groups: numerical data / Philip Sedgwick / 2012;344:e2537 (Published 11 April 2012) / PDF
Endgames / One way analysis of variance / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e2427 (Published 04 April 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Confidence intervals and statistical significance / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e2238 (Published 28 March 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Sequential trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e2102 (Published 21 March 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Parametric v non-parametric statistical tests / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e1753 (Published 14 March 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Incidence rates / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e1589 (Published 07 March 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Restricted randomisation / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e1324 (Published 29 February 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Cohen’s coefficient κ / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e1178 (Published 22 February 2012) / PDF
Endgames / External and internal validity in clinical trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e1004 (Published 16 February 2012) / PDF
Endgames / “n of 1” trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e844 (Published 09 February 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Why match in case-control studies? / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e691 (Published 02 February 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Multiple significance tests: the Bonferroni correction / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e509 (Published 25 January 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Statistical tests for independent groups: categorical data / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e344 (Published 18 January 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Allocation concealment / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;344:e156 (Published 11 January 2012) / PDF
Endgames / Standard deviation versus standard error / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;343:d8010 (Published 13 December 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Cohort studies: sources of bias / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d7839 (Published 07 December 2011) / PDF
Endgames / The placebo effect / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d7665 (Published 30 November 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Random sampling versus random allocation / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d7453 (Published 23 November 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Double dummy trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;343:d7294 (Published 16 November 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Block randomisation / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d7139 (Published 09 November 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Derivation of hazard ratios / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d6994 (Published 02 November 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Odds ratios and adjusting for confounding / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d6833 (Published 26 October 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Statistical tests: matched pairs categorical data / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d6623 (Published 19 October 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Screening tests and indices of performance: effects of prevalence / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d6483 (Published 12 October 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Case-control studies: sources of bias / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d6284 (Published 05 October 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Phases of clinical trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;343:d6068 (Published 28 September 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Hazard ratios / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;343:d5918 (Published 21 September 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Non-randomised studies / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d5741 (Published 14 September 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Sample size and power / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d5579 (Published 08 September 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Meta-analyses: funnel plots / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d5372 (Published 31 August 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Meta-analyses: sources of bias / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d5085 (Published 17 August 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Survival (time to event) data: median survival times / Philip Sedgwick, Katherine Joekes / BMJ 2011;343:d4890 (Published 10 August 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Survival (time to event) data: censored observations / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;343:d4816 (Published 03 August 2011) / PDF
Endgames / The ecological fallacy / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;343:d4670 (Published 27 July 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Questionnaire surveys / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d4449 (Published 20 July 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Receiver operating characteristic curves / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d4302 (Published 13 July 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Bias in clinical trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;343:d4176 (Published 06 July 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Screening tests: likelihood ratios / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d3986 (Published 29 June 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Screening tests: indices of performance / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d3763 (Published 22 June 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Patient preference trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d3602 (Published 15 June 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Open label trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;342:d3427 (Published 08 June 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Non-inferiority trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d3253 (Published 01 June 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d3126 (Published 25 May 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Superiority trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d2981 (Published 18 May 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Number needed to harm / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d2811 (Published 11 May 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Number needed to treat II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d2664 (Published 04 May 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Number needed to treat I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;342:d2463 (Published 28 April 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Analysis by per protocol / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d2330 (Published 18 April 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Analysis by intention to treat / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d2212 (Published 13 April 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Control treatments / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d2109 (Published 06 April 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Observational study design II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d1903 (Published 30 March 2011) / PDF
Endgames / Observational Study Design I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d1742 (Published 23 March 2011)
Endgames / Sampling methods III / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d1537 (Published 16 March 2011)
Endgames / Sampling methods II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d1387 (Published 09 March 2011)
Endgames / Sampling methods I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d1249 (Published 02 March 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses VII / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d1108 (Published 23 February 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses VI / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d937 (Published 16 February 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses V / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d686 (Published 09 February 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses IV / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d540 (Published 02 February 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses III / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d244 (Published 26 January 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;341:d229 (Published 19 January 2011)
Endgames / Meta-analyses I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2011;342:d45 (Published 11 January 2011)
Endgames / The Hawthorne effect / Philip Sedgwick
PDF / BMJ 2012;344:d8262 (Published 04 January 2012)
Endgames / T scores and z scores / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c7362 (Published 30 December 2010)
Endgames / Sources of bias in randomised controlled trials II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c7053 (Published 22 December 2010)
Endgames / Sources of bias in randomised controlled trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c6995 (Published 08 December 2010)
Endgames / z scores / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c6746 (Published 01 December 2010)
Endgames / Reference and normal ranges / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c6666 (Published 24 November 2010)
Endgames / Skewed distributions II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c6448 (Published 16 November 2010)
Endgames / Skewed distributions / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c6276 (Published 10 November 2010)
Endgames / The Normal distribution / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c6085 (Published 03 November 2010)
Endgames / Measurement of data / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c5929 (Published 27 October 2010)
Endgames / Numbers needed to treat and harm / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c5731 (Published 20 October 2010)
Endgames / Number needed to treat / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c5614 (Published 13 October 2010)
Endgames / Confounding in randomised controlled trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c5403 (Published 06 October 2010)
Endgames / Confounding in case-control studies II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c5290 (Published 29 September 2010)
Endgames / Confounding in case-control studies / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c5136 (Published 22 September 2010)
Endgames / Odds ratios II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c4971 (Published 15 September 2010)
Endgames / Incidence rate ratio / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c4804 (Published 08 September 2010)
Endgames / Prevalence and incidence / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c4709 (Published 01 September 2010)
Endgames / Hazard ratios / Philip Sedgwick, Louise Marston / BMJ 2010;341:c4566 (Published 25 August 2010)
used / Endgames / Odds ratios / Philip Sedgwick, Louise Marston / BMJ 2010;341:c4414 (Published 18 August 2010)
Endgames / Relative risks and statistical significance / Philip Sedgwick, Louise Marston / BMJ 2010;341:c4265 (Published 11 August 2010)
Endgames / Relative risks and confidence intervals / Philip Sedgwick, Louise Marston / BMJ 2010;341:c4166 (Published 04 August 2010)
used / Endgames / Relative risks / Philip Sedgwick, Louise Marston / BMJ 2012;341:c3983 (Published 29 July 2010)
Endgames / The log rank test / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c3773 (Published 21 July 2010)
Endgames / Survival (time to event) data II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c3665 (Published 14 July 2010)
Endgames / Survival (time to event) data I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;341:c3537 (Published 07 July 2010)
Endgames / Factorial trials / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;340:c3401 (Published 30 June 2010)
Endgames / Sample size calculations II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c3299 (Published 23 June 2010)
Endgames / Sample size calculations I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c3104 (Published 16 June 2010)
Endgames / Multiple significance tests / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c2963 (Published 09 June 2010)
Endgames / Independent samples t test / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;340:c2673 (Published 02 June 2010)
Endgames / Study design / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c2667 (Published 26 May 2010)
Endgames / Nested case-control studies / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c2582 (Published 19 May 2010)
Endgames / One sided and two sided hypothesis tests / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c2458 (Published 12 May 2010)
Endgames / Errors when statistical hypothesis testing / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c2348 (Published 05 May 2010)
Endgames / P values / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c2203 (Published 28 April 2010)
Endgames / Statistical hypothesis testing / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;340:c2059 (Published 22 April 2010)
Endgames / Primary and secondary outcome measures / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1938 (Published 14 April 2010)
Endgames / Per protocol analysis / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1825 (Published 07 April 2010)
Endgames / Internal and external validity / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1705 (Published 31 March 2010)
Endgames / Variables and parameters / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1568 (Published 24 March 2010)
Endgames / Standard error of the mean / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1437 (Published 17 March 2010)
Endgames / Describing the spread of data II / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1282 (Published 10 March 2010)
Endgames / Describing the spread of data I / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c1116 (Published 03 March 2010)
Endgames / Cohort studies / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2012;340:c1002 (Published 25 February 2010)
Endgames / Cross sectional studies / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c846 (Published 17 February 2010)
Endgames / Generalisation and extrapolation / Philip Sedgwick / BMJ 2010;340:c717 (Published 10 February 2010)