Bios 1300 Exam 2 Practice Exam
1. An important function of the subcutaneous layer is to:
a. stabilize the position of the skin in relation to underlying tissues
b. provide sensation of pain and temperature
c. adjust gland secretion rates
d. monitor sensory receptors
2. This stratum is not found in thin skin:
a. Stratum Basale
b. Stratum Corneum
c. Stratum Lucidum
d. Stratum Granulosum
3. The epidermis:
a. is highly vascularized
b. has capillaries throughout
c. is avascular
d. contains nervous tissue
4. The most abundant cells in the epidermis are:
a. keritanocytes
b. merkel cells
c. melanocytes
d. osteoblasts
5. This hormone is released when a person is experiencing hypocalcemia.
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Parathyroid Hormone
d. Insulin
6. This hormone allows for calcium absorption in the gut:
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Parathyroid Hormone
d. growth hormone
7. This stratum is responsible for producing keratin:
a. Stratum Basale
b. Stratum Corneum
c. Stratum Lucidum
d. Stratum Granulosum
8. ISF lost by evaporation through the corneum:
a. Keratinization
b. Insensible Perspiration
c. Sensible perspiration
d. fibrosis
9. This tissue is formed during healthy tissue repair:
a. Slough
b. eschar
c. granulation
d. clotting factor
10. Because saltwater is hypertonic to body fluids, sitting in a saltwater bath causes:
a. water to leave the epidermis and dehydrate the tissue
b. water from the interstitial fluid to penetrate the surface and evaporate
c. water to enter the epidermis and cause the epithelial cells to swell
d. complete cleansing because the bacteria on the surface drown
11. The dermis and epidermis are anchored to one another by ridges known as:
a. dermal papillae
b. gap junctions
c. hypodermis
d. melanocytes
12. Storage of lipids that represent an important energy reserve in bone occur in areas of:
a. red marrow
b. ground substance
c. bone matrix
d. yellow marrow
13. 5. During intramembranous ossification the developing bone grows outward from the ossification center in small struts called:
a. spicules
b. lacunae
c. the osteogenic layer
d. dermal bones
14. The organic component of bone consists of ______and functions to ______.
a. collagen; provide compressional strength
b. calcium hydroxyapatite; provide compressional strength
c. collagen; provide tensile strength
d. calcium hydroxyapatite; provide tensile strength
15. The cells involved in making the organic matrix of bone:
a. osteoclasts
b. osteoblasts
c. osteoprogenitor
d. osteocytes
16. A person with Rickets may have problems with this part of the bone matrix:
a. inorganic
b. organic
c. collagen
d. osteocytes
17. Periosteum covers the entire surface of the humerus:
a. True
b. False
18. This stratum allows for nutrients to diffuse through the dermis:
a. Stratum Basale
b. Stratum Corneum
c. Stratum Spinosum
d. Stratum Granulosum
19. Synthesized from a steroid precursor by the kerotinocytes when they are exposed to UV rays:
a. Vitamin D
b. calcitriol
c. intermediate molecule
d. calcitonin
20. This hormone is released when a person is hyper caclemic.
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Parathyroid Hormone
d. growth hormone
21. Parathyroid hormone has the following effects when in circulation:
a. Increase osteoclast activity
b. increase intestinal absorption of Ca++
c. decrease kidney secretion of Ca++
d. all of the above
22. Which of these glands does not belong:
a. Merocrine
b. Apocrine
c. Sebaceous
d. Ceruminous
23. This gland releases an oily substance to slow bacteria growth:
a. Merocrine
b. Apocrine
c. Sebaceous
d. Ceruminous
24. This type of ossification occurs during fetal development:
a. Intermembranous
b. Endochondral
c. Dermal
D. regeneration
25. A sedentary person losing bone mass is an example of:
a. Nutrient deficiency
b. Rickets
C. Wolff’s Law
d. calcification
26. The 1st step in fracture repair is:
a. Soft internal callus forming
b .Clot formation
c. Initial bleeding from vascular damage
d. Outter callus forms
27. This type of lamellae surrounds the central canal:
a. Concentric
b. Eccentric
c. Interstital
d. Circumferential
28. This structure is found in spongy bone:
a. osteon
b. central canal
c. red bone marrow
d. none of the above
29. Increasing Ca++ excretion at the kidneys, decreasing osteoclast activity, and decreasing intestinal absorption of Ca++ is functions of the following hormone:
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Parathyroid Hormone
d. growth hormone
30. Appositional bone growth at the outer surface results in:
a. an increase in the diameter of a growing bone
b. an increase in the overall length of a bone
c. a thickening of the cartilages that support the bones
d. an increased hardening of the periosteum
31. Giant cells, called osteoclasts, with 50 or more nuclei serve to:
a. synthesize the organic components of the bone matrix
b. form the trabecular framework which protects cells of the bone marrow
c. line the inner surfaces of the central canals
d. secrete acids which dissolve the bony matrix and release the stored minerals
32. The ethmoid bone and volmer bone form:
a. cleft palate
b. tear ducts
c. nasal septum
d. Orbits
33. Which bones do not belong
a. frontal, maxillae
b. sphenoid, zygomatic
c. palatine, lacrimal
d. volmer, temporal
34. The fontanelles can be useful for the following except:
a. determining hydration of infant
b. taking pulse of infant
c. hard bony protection of infant brain
d. allowing for brain expansion of infant
35. This curve begins around 3 months and allows infants to lift their head:
a. Lumbar
b. thoracic
c. cervical
d. lorodosis
36. This abnormally exaggerated lumbar curve can be caused by tight hip flexors and weak abdominals:
a. scoliosis
b. kyphosis
c. lordosis
d. accommodation curve
37. This hormone stimulates bone growth:
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Parathyroid Hormone
d. growth hormone
38. Increasing turnover causes bone to become:
a. stronger
b. more dense
c. weaker
d. more dense with cartilage
39. This micronutrient is required for synthesis of the organic matrix
a. osteoblast
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin A
d. Vitamin C
e. Both C & D
40. This gland is responsible for sensible perspiration:
a. Merocrine
b. Apocrine
c. Sebaceous
d. Ceruminous
Short answer:
- Compare and contrast endochondral and intermembranous ossification.
- Describe a abnormal & normal inflammation response.
- Describe how Wolff’s law may apply to the following:
- Bone spur
- Couch potato having low bone density
- Plyometric training vs. yoga