Biology Standard 2, Objective 3
Multiple Choice
a1. Where do new cells come from?
A. From the lymph glands.
B. From preexisting cells
C. From food molecules in the digestive tract.
D. From the blood
a2. Which process provides new cells for growth and replacement of body cells?
A. metabolism
B. respiration
C. digestion
D. mitosis
a3. What part of a cell must be duplicated exactly during mitosis?
A. cell membrane
B. nucleus
C. chromosomes
D. mitochondria
a4. The cell cycle describes the life activities of a cell. Which of the following describes the cell cycle of a typical cell?
A. growth, preparation for mitosis, mitosis
B. resting stage, mitosis
C. mitosis, resting stage, reduction phase
D. cell formation, growth, resting stage
a5. What does mitosis allow organisms to do?
A. fight off disease
B. grow
C. metabolize
D. move
Use this diagram of a cell with 4 chromosomes to answer the next two questions:
a6. This cell is starting to undergo mitosis. What will happen next?
A. it will pinch in two
B. the chromosomes will double
C. the nuclear membrane will disappear
D. the cytoplasm will thicken
a7. What will be the result after mitosis?
A. four new cells, two chromosomes apiece
B. two new cells, two chomosomes apiece
C. two new cells, four chromosomes apiece
D. two new cells, eight chromosomes apiece
b8. What technology development made it possible to see cells for the first time?
A. hand lens
B. microscope
C. teloscope
D. ultra sound
b9. What scientist is given credit for our understanding of cell theory?
A. Leeuwenhoek used a microscope to discover cork cells.
B. Galileo fought for the rights of scientists to express their findings.
C. Watson discovered how DNA is structured in a cell.
D. Many scientists contributed to our understanding of cell theory.
b10. Before cell theory was widely accepted, people believed that life could come from non-living things. How did science change their perceptions?
A. by providing evidence that all new life comes from existing cells
B. by showing people cork cells that looked like the smallest living things.
C. by using experiments that showed only diseases come from nonliving things.
D. by finding a cell that could divide easily and rapidly.
c11. Which term defines the movement of water through a membrane from an area of high concentration to low?
A. active transport
B. diffusion
C. mitosis
D. osmosis
c12. Which process requires a cell to use energy to move materials across its membrane when a concentration difference does not exist?
A. active transport
B. diffusion
C. mitosis
C. osmosis
c13. How does a body cell maintain homeostasis when placed in a fresh water environment?
A. It must pump out lipids as the fresh water comes in.
B. It must pump in fresh water using active transport.
C. It must pump out the incoming fresh water.
D. Homeostasis will be maintained if the cell does nothing.
c14. Why must homeostasis be maintained in a cell?
A. Water will enter the cell if homeostasis is not maintained.
B. Salt will leave the cell if homeostasis is not maintained.
C. Wastes, water and nutrients must stay in the correct balance.
D. The cell membrane will lose the lipid bi-layer without homeostasis.
d15. A cell with a large number of ribosomes would be capable of what task?
A. storing fat
B. sending electrical signals
C. creating proteins
D. contracting
d16. How would a cell respond to the loss of its nucleus?
A. It would not be able to guide its functions.
B. It could not create energy from food.
C. It would reproduce uncontrollably.
D. It could not move substances across the cell membrane.
d17. Which cell organelle is responsible for processing energy in the cell?
A. golgi body
B. mitochondria
C. nucleus
D. ribosome
“Fast” plants (relatives of the radish) grow and reproduce rapidly. They are often used in experiments investigating growth and reproduction of plant cells because their entire life cycle is completed in 40 days. Students are designing experiments with these plants.
e18. Which question is testable and would allow the students to learn about plant growth?
A. Do plants have chlorophyll?
B. What do plants need?
C. How are plants cells different from animal cells?
D. Can plants grow without soil?
e19. The students decide to grow 20 plants in one cup and 40 in another cup of the same size. Which hypothesis are they testing?
A. If we add more light, then they will grow better.
B. It plants are crowded, then they will not grow as well.
C. If plants are watered daily, then they will grow better.
D. If plants are grown in cups, then they will grow the same.
e20. Students planted the “fast plants” and discovered that a group left in a cold place did not produce flowers. What conclusion could they make concerning the plant cells?
A. cells cannot sense temperature and will react only when frozen.
B. cells cannot perform diffusion or osmosis when it is cold.
C. cells must wait until it warms up before they can reproduce.
D. cell processes slow down or stop in cold temperatures.
Essay
1. Describe the cell cycle of a typical cell. Describe what happens at each phase.
2. Explain why homeostasis is important to organisms.
Answers:
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. D
10. A
11. D
12. A
13. C
14. C
15. C
16. A
17. B
18. D
19. A
20. D
Sample essay answer:
1. A typical cell goes through a growth, preparation to divide and mitosis phases. During growth the cell takes in nutrients and makes proteins and other substances. As it prepares to divide it creates copies of the chromosomes from existing ones. Mitosis starts with prophase when the chromosomes begin to line up and the nuclear membrane disappears. During metaphase the chromosomes are lined up and the spindle forms. In the anaphase, chromosomes separate and pull apart. In telephase the cell pinches in two and new nuclear membranes form.
2. Homeostasis is important to organisms because it allows them to maintain a constant environment which they need to survive.