Biology/Science AIMS Review Packet

Biology/Science AIMS Review Packet

Part 1

Semester 1 Quarter 1

Scientific Processes—Things to know when studying science.

Use the data table below to answer the following questions:

*

1. Explain two ways you know what the independent variable is in this experiment. (Type of Activity) – What you are changing, the variable which you the experimentor is manipulating.

1. Explain two ways you know what the dependent variable is in this experiment.(Heart Rate measured in beats per minute.) – What you are measuring, the variable which you the experimentor is measuring to determine any change.

3. What is the control in this experiment? __standing___ Explain how you know: _this is the experiment where no change has occurred. This is serving as the baseline for comparison to the trials where you the experimento has changed something.

1. Why would this scientist want to include 3 trials and take an average heart rate? __to ensure accuracy, help minimize error,
2. If you were to graph this data, what kind of graph would be the best to use? ___bar graph. Explain

your answer: __1 qualitative (quality: color, something objective) variable, 1 quantative (numerical, data driven) variable.

1. What kind of relationship should the graph show based on the data found in the table? __As the type of activity increases in intensity with the test subject, the heart rate increases. ______

1. Draw a line representing that relationship

on the skeleton graph to the right.

1. Label each axis of the skeleton graph

with the correct position of the IV and the DV.

Heart Rate vs. Type of Activity

1. Write in a good title for a graph containing

the data in the table above.

1. Where is the best place for a scientist/researcher

to report their findings so the scientific community

will be informed and begin to test/critique the research

for accuracy, comparison, and modification?

Publish in scientific journal so other scientists can repeat the experiment and yield the same result.

Use the scenario and the data table below to answer the following questions:

Dr. Stanley is a Zoologist studying elephants and their habits. He decided to find out how many elephants visited a particular watering hole each day, so he counted the elephants every day for a week. He then found the mean, median, and mode for his data to help him communicate his findings.

*Buckle Down Arizona AIMS HS Science 2nd Edition 2007

1. Define each of the following in one word or phrase and do the math to calculate each. Show your work.
2. mean--__add all of the numbers in the set and divide by how many numbers are in the list answer:

1. median--_the list of numbers should be arranged in order from lowest to highest. The number in the middle or the average of the two middle numbers is the mediananswer:

1. mode--Mode refers to the number in a list that occurs mostoftenanswer:

1. Which of the above forms of mathematical models would best show an accurate representation of Dr. Stanley’s data? ______Explain the reason(s) for your choice: ______

______

Chapter 1—General Biology information

13.Name and describe the 7(8) characteristics of living things.

Chapter 2—Chemistry of Life

Use the following word bank to fill in the missing words or phrases in the paragraph about water below.

acidadhesionbase capillary actionhydrogen (X3)hydroxide

polarsurface tension1-6cohesion8-14oxygen

14. Water—Water molecules are composed of 2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. The position of these atoms causes a water molecule to be slightly charged or what is called polar. The bond formed by the slight attraction of water molecules to one another is called a hydrogen bond. It is a relatively weak bond, but strong enough to allow water to form an attraction with itself which allows for surface tension. This attraction is called cohesion. This is how water drops are formed. Another form of attraction between water and other polar substances is called adhesion. This is what allows water to move up the stem of a plant, also called capillary action. If water molecules within a given substance break their individual bonds, the resulting particles are called ions; H+ is a hydrogen ion and OH- is a hydroxide ion. Substances with larger numbers of H+ in solution are called acid their pH is between 1-6. Substance with reduced numbers of H+ in solution are called bases their pH is between 8-14.

15.Organic Compounds—Molecules of Life – HBIO – pg. 55

Carbo-

hydrate

Chapter 3—Cells

Fill in the missing information in the diagrams and tables below.

16. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic

Cell Organelles

Animal

Chapter 4—Cell Transport

1. Is a large cell or a small cell more efficient? small Explain your answer in terms of surface area to volume ratio: less time for molecules/messages to pass into/out of cell.

Fill in the following flow chart with the information asked for in each box.

19.

20. Define the solution types in the table below and draw in the shape/appearance of the cells in that solution.

21. List in order from smallest to largest the levels of organization of living things. (use the extended version)

smallest--species__

Genus______

Family______

Order______

Class______Write the word “species” next to the

Phylum__level of organization that would

Kindom______represent an individual species.

Domain______Define the term, species here: _descriptive term used to describe a specific species of living organism.

1. Define the 5 ways in which cells can reproduce and give an example of an organism that uses each type of reproduction.

1. binary fission- prokaryotes reproduce – after the circular DNA is copied, the cell will swell and the newly replicated DNA will move toward each end of the cell. Cell splits in two using the plasma membrane

Example: see pg. 142 HBIO

1. sexual reproduction- meiosis – involves sperm & egg cells (gametes)

M Phase – Meiosis I & II

1. P – Prophase I & II
2. M – Metaphase I & II
3. A – Anaphase I & II
4. T – Telophase I & II

C Phase - Cytokinesis

Example: pg. 158 in textbook

1. asexual reproduction- mitosis- cell duplication

Interphase

1. G1 – cell grows
2. S – synthesis phase – DNA is copied
3. G2 – organelles are copied

M Phase – Mitosis

1. P – Prophase
2. M – Metaphase
3. A – Anaphase
4. T – Telophase

C Phase - Cytokinesis

Example – pg. 147 in textbook

23. Are viruses living? List evidence for and against and state your final determination based on the evidence you presented here.

Viruses are alive.Viruses are not alive.Final Determination