Name: ______Date: ______Block: ______

Biology Quarter 1 MCA: Review

Define the following terms:

Abiotic factor

Biotic factor

Symbiosis

Mutualism

Commensalism

Parasitism

Autotroph

Heterotroph

Producer

Consumer

Carnivore

Herbivore

Omnivore

Decomposer

Evaporation

Transpiration

Photosynthesis

Respiration

Nitrogen fixation

Limiting factor

Primary succession

Secondary succession

Climax community

Carrying capacity

Homeostasis

Selective permeability

Phospholipids

Cholesterol

Carbohydrate chains

Membrane proteins

Enzyme

Equilibrium

Diffusion

Osmosis

Passive transport

Active transport

Characteristics of Life (Ch. 1)

List and describe the characteristics of living things (Hint: R.U.G.O.R)

Scientific Method (Ch. 1)

Define the following parts of the scientific method:

Hypothesis –

Data –

Experiment –

Conclusion –

Ecology (Ch. 2-5)

Explain why energy cannot be cycled in an ecosystem.

Where does all energy on earth come from? What happens to all of that energy as it moves through the trophic levels?

Use the following food chain to answer the questions below.

Grass  rabbit  fox  coyote  fungi

  • The primary producer in this food chain is the ______.
  • The rabbit eat only plants which makes it a ______.
  • If the fox also eats grass, the fox would be called an ______.
  • The fungi break down dead organisms which make them ______.
  • The coyote is the 4th link in the food chain which makes it a ______.
  • Affecting which level of the food chain would cause the most drastic results?
  • What would happen if too many rabbits were added to the ecosystem?

Describe the energy pyramid. What does each level represent? Draw an example.

What is biomagnification? What level in a food chain is most affected?

Give an example of mutualism, commensalisms, and parasitism.

What is carrying capacity?

How do you describe carrying capacity in terms of numbers of births and deaths.

Draw a simple carrying capacity graph and explain what is happening over time. Be sure to label axes appropriately.

Why must nutrients be cycled in an ecosystem? Give 3 examples of nutrients that are cycled.

Explain how water moves between biotic and abiotic parts of an ecosystem.

How does carbon cycle through an ecosystem? Use the terms photosynthesis, respiration, biotic, and abiotic in your answer.

What is photosynthesis? (Hint:what does it use and what does it make?)

Sugar (or glucose) that is made in plants is used to make what energy molecule for all cells?

What is the function of fungi and bacteria in a nutrient cycle?

What is nitrogen fixation? What type of relationship does this form between plants and bacteria?

Why are new communities able to replace old ones during succession?

Compare primary and secondary succession. Which organisms appear first? Where/when does each type of succession occur?

What makes a good pioneer organism? How is this different from an organism in a climax community?

Macromolecules (Ch. 6)

Describe the function and give examples of the 4 basic macromolecules:

Macromolecule / Function / Example
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Protein
Nucleic Acid

In which group of macromolecules do enzymes belong?

Explain how an enzyme functions. Include diagrams.Label the following terms: enzyme, substrate, active site, and products.

Describe the trend of enzyme activity due to a change in temperature.

Cell membrane and transport (Ch. 7)

Describe the structure of the plasma membrane. What is the membrane mostly composed of?

Draw a diagram of the membrane. Label and describe the function of the following parts: phospholipids, proteins, carbohydrate chains, and cholesterols.

Why is the cell membrane described as selectively permeable? Why is this property of the cell important?

How does selective permeability help a cell maintain homeostasis?

Compare / Contrast Passive Transport and Active Transport.(list at least 2 differences)

Describe the difference between the following: Diffusion, Passive transport, and Active transport.