Biology HSA Review 1 & 2: Water/Carbs

Name: ______Period: ___ Date:______

Assessment Limits = Terms you must know!

WATER

Inorganic

Polar

Density

Universal Solvent

Directions: Use the diagrams to help you fill in the blanks.

  1. What is the chemical formula of water? ______
  2. Why is water considered inorganic? ______
  3. Water is said to be polar, what does this mean? ______
  4. Because water is polar it has many different properties these include
  • Surface tension ______
  • Density: Water is less dense as a ______than as a ______so ice floats on top of liquid water.
  • Universal solvent ______

-Hydrophilic (water loving – polar) substances dissolve in water.

Examples: ______

-Hydrophobic (water fearing – nonpolar) substances do not dissolve in water.

Examples: ______

Practice Questions

1. Fluoride is added to drinking water supplies in many states. People cannot see fluoride in the water because it

  1. turns into water
  2. settles to the bottom of a container
  3. dissolves to form a colorless solution
  4. is less dense than water so it floats

2. Some adult insects are unable to swim but are able to walk on top of water. What characteristic of water enables these insects to walk on top of water?

  1. pH
  2. surface tension
  3. solvent properties
  4. atomic bonds

Biology HSA Review 1 & 2: Water/Carbs

Name: ______Period: ___ Date:______

Assessment Limits

CARBOHYDRATES

□Organic

□Building Block: Monosaccharide

□Supplies ENERGY and dietary fiber

□Cellulose makes up the Cell Wall of plants

  1. What three elements make up Carbohydrates (look at diagram)? ______
  2. Why are carbohydrates considered organic? ______
  3. Carbohydrates are polar, will they dissolve in water? ______
  4. The building blocks of carbohydrates are ______, meaning “one sugar”.
  5. All organisms use carbohydrates as a source of immediate ______.
  6. Examples of carbohydrates are glucose, fructose, maltose, cellulose; most carbohydrates end in the letters -______. An exception to this rule is starch which is a polysaccharide - a long chain of G______, simple sugar, molecules.
  7. Cellulose is the carbohydrate that makes up the C______W______of plants. We cannot digest cellulose so it acts as a source of D______F______, which helps keep our bowl movements regular.
  8. DNA is composed of nucleotides which are made up of a pentose sugar, a

phosphate and one of three nitrogen containing bases. WAIT a minute – pentose is is an example of a C______(I know this because it ends in –OSE), that means carbohydrates help to make up DNA too! Cool.)

Practice Problems

1. Glucose is a building block of carbohydrates. Which of these best describes glucose?

A. nucleotide C. monosaccharide

B. protein D. lipid

2. Most carbohydrates in the human body are

  1. used as building blocks for proteins
  2. used as catalysts for reactions in cells
  3. consumed as a source of energy
  4. not easily absorbed into the bloodstream

3. Which of the structures in the diagram above represents a sugar?

A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4

The characteristics listed below can be used to describe some molecules. Use this info for number 4.

  1. Inorganic2. supplies energy and fiber 3. component of plant cell walls

4. part of DNA 5. made of nucleotides

4. Which of these sets of characteristics describes a carbohydrate?

A. 1–3–5 B. 2–3–4 C. 2–4–5 D. 1–3–4