Name ______hr ______
Bio B – DNA Review
1. What is the function (job) of DNA?
2. Where is DNA located in a prokaryotic cell? (Hint: pro means no!)
3. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?
4. How did you get your DNA?
5. The basic unit that makes up DNA is called a ______.
6. Each nucleotide is made up of a ______called deoxyribose, a ______group, and one of four ______bases.
7. What element does phosphate contain?
8. Name the four nitrogenous bases. ______
9. Base-pairing rules: A always pairs with ______and C always pairs with ______.
10. Watson and Crick said the structure of DNA resembles (looks like) a ______.
11. The “rungs” in the middle of the DNA molecule are made up of ______.
12. The “sides” or “backbone” of the DNA molecule are made up of alternating ______and ______.
13. In the DNA molecule, the bases only attach to the ______, NOT the ______.
14. The 3-D spiral shape of DNA is called a______.
15. The scientists that gave the structure that name were ______& ______.
16. Complete the drawing of the DNA molecule below:
a. Add needed bases, sugars and phosphates
b. Label the bases. Figure out the others - one is given to you (A).
c. Label one sugar and one phosphate.
d. Circle one nucleotide.
e. How many nucleotides are in this DNA molecule? ______
17. What is DNA replication?
18. Why is DNA replication necessary?
19. Why is it important that the copy of DNA made is identical to the original?
20. Fill in the blanks to describe the process of DNA replication.
You must start with a molecule of ______
An enzyme breaks the weak ______bonds between the ______of the DNA molecule. This causes the DNA molecule to ______and expose the nitrogenous bases.
Another enzyme adds complementary ______to the exposed DNA strands/sides.
End Result: Two ______DNA molecules.
21. If one strand of DNA has the nitrogenous base sequence listed below, the sequence of bases on the other strand is?
A-
T-
T-
G-
C-
Across2. the two sides of DNA held together by weak ____ bonds
5. always pairs with cytosine
6. where protein is assembled from the message on the RNA
7. the shape of DNA, double ____
9. process of copying DNA
13. composed of a sugar, a base, and a phosphate
14. sections of DNA that code for a trait
15. replaces thymine in RNA / Down
1. carries the message of DNA to ribosomes
3. the long form of DNA, ____ acid
4. the sugar found in DNA
8. DNA's stucture established by Watson and _____
10. the sides of the DNA ladder composed of sugar and _____
11. always pairs with thymine
12. where DNA is found in the cell