Issues in Biotechnology
Study Guidefor Quiz 03 on Lecture 5 and 6
5. Trends, Patterns and Relationships in Biology
6. Some More Techniques in Biotechnology
BCH 190
1. A common feature of life on earth is the occurrence
(A) an ability to live without any apparent source of energy
(B) of feedback loops that provide control of biological inputs and outputs through cycles, like a locomotive engine that can not run out of control, so that even in complex pathways ‘life works in cycles’.
(C) biochemical processes that consist of a series of linear reactions that will use all of the available resources until they are extinguished
(D) of organisms that can spontaneously generate from inorganic matter
(E) an evidenced based external life force that guides all life
2. ‘Life’ is said to be opportunistic and is present in nearly every environment on the planet because
(A) of variation and differences in a population of organisms that will be genetically selected for survival and reproductive success
(B) each individual organism chooses where to live
(C) living organisms all exhibit a strong will to live no matter what
(D) the ends justify the means and organisms and biological organisms given half a chance will always decide to cheat in order to survive
(E) there is strong evidence for the purpose and planning of organisms
3. A cellular structure that captures sunlight to produce sugar using CO2is called a:
(A) chloroplast
(B) nucleus
(C) ribosome
(D) chromosome
(E) transcriptome
4. Water is important to life on earth because
(A) it is everywhere, like air, so it is in every environment on earth
(B) it forms strong bonds with itself, has low surface tension and is nonpolar
(C) it is always a liquid so it can form compartments, using lipid membranes
(D) most biological molecules and compounds important to life dissolve in liquid water
(E) it only occurs on the planet Earth
5. Rachel Carson is famous as the author of ‘Silent Spring’ (1962) which discussed the broad effects of the insecticide DDT on the ‘web of life’. The ecology of a coral reef is another good example that:
(A) extinction doesn’t matter because something will always take its place
(B) every organism can exist on its own
(C) life is interconnected and interdependent
(D) the diversity of life makes it resistant toxic pollutants and effect of global climate change
(E) life on earth quickly corrects for environmental pollutants
6. Complex biological structures like the horn of a ram, a chambered nautilus shell or a growing plant tendril seem complex but are actually the result of
(A) environmental pollutants
(B) a purpose created by the organism
(C) infections from a virus causing disease
(D) emergent patterns that result in complex structures when simple units follow simple rules
(E) intentional will of the organism to change
7. Emergent patterns and self assembly are wide spread phenomena in biology. Through the application of a few very simple rules
(A) synthetic life will be generated
(B) a purpose is created for the organism
(C) the theory of evolution is easily disproven
(D) complex structures can be developed
(E) phylogeny acquires teleology
8. To exist, life requires organization and organization requires energy, which means that life’s molecules breakdown over time. Literally you are not the ‘same’ person you were seven years ago, or even seven days ago. Life maintains itself by the process of:
(A) turnover
(B) spontaneous combustion
(C) internal combustion
(D) hopeful purpose
(E) totally random processes
9. Biological life tends to:
(A) decrease in complexity
(B) use materials that it cannot recycle
(C) never change from one generation to the next
(D) optimize rather than maximize, where function is selected for by the environment
(E) disobey the second law of thermodynamics
10. All Life on this planet has the ability to replicate information with variation. The flow of information in biological life is generally from:
(A) the transfer of gases through the cell membrane
(B) the transfer of information from viruses to Mars
(C) the transfer of DNA through a gel matrix by electrophoresis
(D) the transfer of information from DNA to RNA to proteins
(E) water and sunlight
11. Life competes within a cooperative framework where
(A) every creature acts in its own interests
(B) cooperation facilitates survival
(C) creatures are generally self-interested but not self-destructive
(D) the living world works through cooperation
(E) all answers shown are generally correct
12. All energy for biological life on earth
(A) comes from gravity
(B) is derived from water
(C) is used entirely to copy DNA
(D) is derived from sunlight
(E) comes from uranium
13. Critics of evolution state that that it is not possible since it disobeys the second law of thermodynamics. The tendency of energy to dissipate as described by the second law of thermodynamics is called:
(A) equilibrium: where everything must remain in an equal balance
(B) entropy: where order tends to become disordered
(C) metabolism: referring to the breakdown of sugars
(D) endothermic: where reactions require heat
(E) nuclear: where reactions in life occur only in atomic chain reactions
14. A cellular structure which contains most of a cell's DNA in animals, fungi or plants:
(A) ribosome
(B) chloroplast
(C) cell membrane
(D) nucleus
(E) centriole
15. The energy flow through life on earth starts with:
(A) sunlight and producers, like plants
(B) decomposition, like bacteria and fungi
(C) herbivores, like cattle and sheep
(D) carnivores, like lions and tigers, and bears
(E) humans as the only significant consumer
16. If you were to look into a light microscope and view an unknown cell, what might you see that would tell you whether the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
(A) a rigid cell wall
(B) a nucleus
(C) a plasma membrane
(D) ribosomes
(E) DNA
17. If you wanted to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division, the best choice for optical equipment would be:
(A) a light microscope, because you can view living cells
(B) a transmission electron microscope for its resolution
(C) a scanning electron microscope, because chromosomes are on the cell surface
(D) an x-ray crystallography image
(E) your cell phone would suffice if you have a good one
18. Which of the following are inputs to photosynthesis?
(A) CO2
(B) O2
(C) glucose
(D) fossile fuels
(E) hydrogen peroxide
19. Of the following which one is common to both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
(A) they both convert light energy into chemical energy
(B) splitting H2O and releasing O2
(C) storing energy by creating H+ gradients across membranes
(D) converting CO2 into sugar
(E) none of the above
20. Of the following techniques, which would be most unlikely to be used in a biotechnology laboratory?
(A) gel electrophoresis
(B) PCR
(C) DNA cloning
(D) use of the Hubble telescope
(E) antibiotic resistant bacteria
21. A Pipetman is:
(A) the new biomedical device made by tissue engineering and now used to treat the damaged blood vessels of heart attack victims
(B) a radical group of bioengineered superheroes in the Hollywood movie GATTACCA
(C) a molecular biology tool used in the lab to measure small volumes of liquid common in biotechnology
(D) a new type of bio-engineered crop plants that are drought tolerant
(E) a new surgical tool used in to extract cancer cells
22. Gel Electrophoresis is used for:
(A) the separation of molecules, DNA, RNA and proteinsby charge and size
(B) separation of various cell types in blood samples
(C) viewing cells at a high magnification
(D) as a home pregnancy test
(E) fusing cells during the process for cloning animals
23. PCR
(A) is used to study life on other planets
(B) stands for the PolyChromal Repercussions that occur in cell division
(C) is a type of digital processing used in DNA sequencing
(D) uses a heat stable DNA polymerase to copy DNA
(E) is a dangerous prescription drug
24. Basic Forensic principles include:
(A) Each of us is genetically unique.
(B) If enough genetic variation is tested, each of us can be uniquely identified.
(C) DNA is found in nearly all cells (blood, semen, hair, etc.).
(D) DNA from an evidentiary sample can be matched with DNA from a suspect to implicate or exonerate
(E) All of the above
25. Given DNA samples from three suspects, the victims DNA and DNA evidence from a crime scene the possible conclusions are:
(A) Suspect 1's DNA was at the scene; or Suspect 2's DNA wasat the scene; or Suspect 3' DNA wasat the scene
(B) None were at the scene
(C) Multiple suspects were at the scene
(D) Data are inconclusive
(E) Any of the above
26. A method used to copy small amounts of DNA many times over was invented by Dr. Kary Mullis in the 1980s and is called PCR. PCR stands for:
(A) Protein Chromosomal Replication
(B) Polymerase Chain Reaction
(C) Pipetman California Reaction
(D) Peptide Catalytic Reactors
(D) Polysaccharide Catalyst Repair
27. STR stand for
(A) Separation of Trans Replicators
(B) Scientists for True Religion
(C) Short Tandem Repeats
(D) Standard Test for Recidivism
(E) Seek To Reach assay
28. The development ofBiotechnology is directly linked with Industry. Which of the following is not true?
(A) The application of the biological sciences has largely movedfrom academia to the privatesector.
(B) The application of biotechnology is driven by profits and thepromise of profits
(C) The distinction between Basic and Applied Scienceis often blurred.
(D) Basic Science is nearly immediatelyapplied in today’s biotech fields.
(E) Basic Science has not yet applied in any of today’s biotech fields.
29. The development ofBiotechnology is
(A) driven by application
(B) has been banned in Europe by governments in the EU
(C) has disproven the Theory of Evolution
(D) destroying medicine as we know it
(E) finally leveling off
30. The process of creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
(A) has been applied to salmon
(B) has been applied to crop plants
(C) has not been commercialized for beef
(D) has been not demonstrated in peer review journals to cause health issues
(E) all of the above