Name: ______Per. _____
Battlefield Cell Extra Credit Worksheet
Human red blood cells in isotonic solution (.85% NaCl).
Dr. Dennis Kunkel/Getty Images
Q: How many cells does each human have?
A: Each of us has ______trillion cells.
Q: How many types of cell are there?
A: There are more than ______different types of cells that build brain, muscles and organs.
Q: How small is each human cell.
A: Each cell is so tiny that ______of them could fit on the head of a pin.
Q: What keeps our cells functioning smoothly?
A: Millions of specialized ______build structures that keep our cells functioning smoothly.
Q: How do proteins know what to do?
A: Each of our proteins has its own assignment, given to it by our ______.
Q: What is DNA responsible for?
A: DNA is responsible for everything about us -- from our eye color to our height. It even has a say in some aspects of our personalities.
Q: What monitors our cells for signs of infection or damage?
A: ______constantly patrol our bodies, looking for signs of damage or infection and communicating with the cells that make up the surrounding tissue.
Q: What is the adenovirus?
A: The adenovirus is one of 20 families of ______that can infect us. It's responsible for a wide range of illnesses -- from a simple ______to ______.
Q: What is a virus's goal?
A: Viruses seek to breach a cell's outer defenses and reach the ______.
Q: What happens when a virus reaches a cell's nucleus?
A: Once inside a cell nucleus, a virus can take ______of that cell's healthy ______and replace it with its own destructive ______.
Q: What do antibodies do?
A: Antibodies patrol the area between cells. Their job is to ______and ______viruses.
Q: What do endosomes do?
A: Endosomes break down nutrients into smaller molecules that are easier for the cell to transport and digest.
Q: What do mitochondria do?
A: Throughout each cell, hundreds of mitochondria feed ______to power the network of ______that keep cells moving. They can be thought of as a cell's power stations.
Q: What are motor proteins?
A: Existing just beneath the cell's surface, motor proteins carry to the nucleus nutrients that have been processed by endosomes.
Q: What do ribosomes do?
A: Normally, ribosomes convert our DNA blueprints into ______that are important to the cell. But when fed with viral instructions, they can start building the raw materials for a virus "______."
Q: What happens to a cell when its DNA becomes paralyzed by a virus?
A: The cell falls into ______; its only activity is that of the ______.
Q: What keeps a virus from spreading?
A: White blood cells usually ______the virus, even engulfing nearby cells that may be vulnerable to infection. (Some surrounding cells even destroy themselves to stop the virus from spreading.)