Key______

Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Test Study Guide

Chapter 5:

  1. Use the following to answer the questions about the fictitious element Nipomium (Nm):

Color of protons: black Color of neutrons: white

Reason: Isotopes must have the same number of protons…all three pictured have the same number of BLACK dots, therefore, black dots must be the protons. They can have different number of neutrons, and those are the dots that differ in the picture.

Fill in the table for Nipomium:

1 / 2/3 x 100 = 66.7% / 2 p + 1 n = 3 amu
2 / 1/3 x 100 = 33.3% / 2 p + 3 n = 5 amu

Give an example of a mass number of Nipomium.

An example would be Nipomium-3 (3 amu is the mass number)

.667 x 3 = 2.00

.333 x 5 = 1.66

Total = 3.66

What is an isotope?

Atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons are isotopes.

  1. What is the location and charge of the following subatomic particles:

Electron

Negative, 1/1840 , outside nucleus in electron cloud

Neutron

Neutral, 1 , nucleus

Proton

Positive, 1, nucleus

  1. What is an amu? How was it determined?

Atomic mass unit. It is based off of carbon. 1 amu is 1/12 of a carbon-12 atom (textbook)

Chapter 13: Fill in the tables:

Energy level / formula / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Sublevels / n / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Orbitals per level / n2 / 1 / 4 / 9 / 16 / 25 / 36
Max e- per level / 2n2 / 2 / 8 / 18 / 32 / 50 / 72
Sublevel / Number of orbitals / Maximum electrons / Energy levels where it is found
s / 1 / 2 / 1 and up
p / 3 / 6 / 2 and up
d / 5 / 10 / 3 and up
f / 7 / 14 / 4 and up
g / 9 / 18 / 5 and up
  1. What do the s and p orbitals look like?

s= spherep=dumbbell (or two balloons stuck together)

  1. What is the electron configuration of lead (Pb)? Use the short hand method.

Pb (82 e-) [Xe] 6s24f145d106p2

  1. What is the electron configuration of fluorine (F)? Write the complete electron configuration.

F (9e-) 1s22s22p5

  1. Describe the following atomic models:

Dalton,

Shot put model: Atom is indivisible

Thomson,

Plum pudding: Background positive charge with negative charges throughout

Rutherford,

Planetary: Atom is mostly empty space with most of the mass in the nucleus

Bohr,

Electrons found on energy levels that orbit the nucleus.

Quantum Mechanical Model

A mathematical solution

Includes energy levels, sublevels and orbitals

  1. What are the longest EM waves? highest frequency?

Longest: radioHighest frequency: gamma

  1. What is the wavelength of light that has a frequency of 4.8 x 1014 Hz? Convert it to nm. What color of light is it?C = λv

3.00 x 108m/s = 6.25 x 10-7 m x 109 nm = 625 nm 4.8 x 1014 1/s 1m

orange light

  1. What is the frequency of light that has a wavelength of 4.5 x 10-5 m? What type of EM wave is it? C = λv

3.00 x 108m/s = 6.7 x 1012 1/s 4.5 x 10-5 m

4.5 x 10-5 m

infra red

  1. Review the purpose and conclusion of the Flame Test Lab

Describe why atoms emit light.