At STP, 4 Liters of O2 Contains the Same Total Number of Molecules As

At STP, 4 liters of O2 contains the same total number of molecules as

1. 1 L of NH3

2. 2 L of Cl2

3. 8 L of He

4. 4 L of CO2

Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does carbon dioxide gas behave most like an ideal gas?

1. low temperature and low pressure

2. low temperature and high pressure

3. high temperature and low pressure

4. high temperature and high pressure

Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a real gas behave most like an ideal gas?

1. 200. K and 50.0 kPa

2. 200. K and 200.0 kPa

3. 600. K and 50.0 kPa

4. 600. K and 200.0 kPa

Base your answer to the question on the information below.

A rigid cylinder is fitted with a movable piston. The cylinder contains a sample of helium gas, He(g), which has an initial volume of 125.0 milliliters and an initial pressure of 1.0 atmosphere, as shown below. The temperature of the helium gas sample is 20.0°C.

Express the initial volume of the helium gas sample, in liters.

Answer: L

At STP, which sample contains the same number of molecules as 11.2 liters of CO2(g) at STP?

1. 5.6 L of NO2(g)

2. 7.5 L of H2(g)

3. 11.2 L of N2(g)

4. 22.4 L of CO(g)

Base your answer to the question on the information below.

Archimedes (287-212 BC), a Greek inventor and mathematician, made several discoveries important to science today. According to a legend, Hiero, the king of Syracuse, commanded Archimedes to find out if the royal crown was made of gold, only. The king suspected that the crown consisted of a mixture of gold, tin, and copper.

Archimedes measured the mass of the crown and the total amount of water displaced by the crown when it was completely submerged. He repeated the procedure using individual samples, one of gold, one of tin, and one of copper. Archimedes was able to determine that the crown was not made entirely of gold without damaging it.

Determine the volume of a 75-gram sample of gold at STP.

Answer: cm3

Base your answer to the question on the information below.

The decomposition of sodium azide, NaN3(s), is used to inflate airbags. On impact, the NaN3(s) is ignited by an electrical spark, producing N2(g) and Na(s). The N2(g) inflates the airbag.

An inflated airbag has a volume of 5.00 ×104 cm3 at STP. The density of N2(g) at STP is 0.00125 g/cm3. What is the total number of grams of N2(g) in the airbag?

Answer: g

The concept of an ideal gas is used to explain

1. the mass of a gas sample

2. the behavior of a gas sample

3. why some gases are monatomic

4. why some gases are diatomic

A 1.00-mole sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 24.4 liters at 298 K and 101.3 kilopascals. Which numerical setup can be used to calculate the density of this sample?

10.

According to the kinetic theory of gases, which assumption is correct?

1. Gas particles strongly attract each other.

2. Gas particles travel in curved paths.

3. The volume of gas particles prevents random motion.

4. Energy may be transferred between colliding particles.

11.

A sample of a gas occupies 6.00 liters at a temperature of 200 K. If the pressure remains constant and the temperature is raised to 600 K, the volume of gas sample would be

1. 18.0 L

2. 2.00 L

3. 3.00 L

4. 12.0 L

12.

A real gas behaves least like an ideal gas under the conditions of

1. low temperature and low pressure

2. low temperature and high pressure

3. high temperature and low pressure

4. high temperature and high pressure

13.

At STP, 1.0 liter of helium contains the same total number of atoms as

1. 1.0 L of Ne

2. 2.0 L of Kr

3. 0.5 L of Rn

4. 1.5 L of Ar

14.

Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a 1-liter sample of a real gas behave most like an ideal gas?

1. 100 K and 0.1 atm

2. 100 K and 10 atm

3. 500 K and 0.1 atm

4. 500 K and 10 atm

15.

At the same temperature and pressure, 1.0 liter of CO(g) and 1.0 liter of CO2(g) have

1. equal masses and the same number of molecules

2. different masses and a different number of molecules

3. equal volumes and the same number of molecules

4. different volumes and a different number of molecules

16.

Which two samples of gas at STP contain the same total number of molecules?

1. 1 L of CO(g) and 0.5 L of N2(g)

2. 2 L of CO(g) and 0.5 L of NH3(g)

3. 1 L of H2(g) and 2 L of Cl2(g)

4. 2 L of H2(g) and 2 L of Cl2(g)

17.

Which 5.0-milliliter sample of NH3 will take the shape of and completely fill a closed
100.0-milliliter container?

1. NH3(s)

2. NH3(l)

3. NH3(g)

4. NH3(aq)

18.

Which rigid cylinder contains the same number of gas molecules at STP as a 2.0-liter rigid cylinder containing H2(g) at STP?

1. 1.0-L cylinder of O2(g)

2. 2.0-L cylinder of CH4(g)

3. 1.5-L cylinder of NH3(g)

4. 4.0-L cylinder of He(g)

19.

At STP, the element oxygen can exist as either O2 or O3 gas molecules. These two forms of the element have

1. the same chemical and physical properties

2. the same chemical properties and different physical properties

3. different chemical properties and the same physical properties

4. different chemical and physical properties

20.

Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would helium behave most like an ideal gas?

1. 50 K and 20 kPa

2. 50 K and 600 kPa

3. 750 K and 20 kPa

4. 750 K and 600 kPa

21.

When the pressure exerted on a confined gas at constant temperature is doubled, the volume of the gas is

1. halved

2. doubled

3. tripled

4. quartered

22.

If the pressure on a 3.0 liter sample of a gas is doubled at constant temperature, the new volume would be

1. 0.75 L

2. 1.5 L

3. 6.0 L

4. 9.0 L

23.

At STP, 1 liter of O2(g) and 1 liter of Ne(g) have the same

1. mass

2. density

3. number of atoms

4. number of molecules

24.

Which graph shows the pressure-temperature relationship expected for an ideal gas?

1.
2. / 3.
4.

25.

Two basic properties of the gas phase are

1. a definite shape and a definite volume

2. a definite shape but no definite volume

3. no definite shape but a definite volume

4. no definite shape and no definite volume

26.

Which type of energy is associated with the random motion of the particles in a sample of gas?

1. chemical energy

2. electromagnetic energy

3. nuclear energy

4. thermal energy

27.

A sample of H2(g) and a sample of N2(g) at STP contain the same number of molecules. Each sample must have

1. the same volume, but a different mass

2. the same mass, but a different volume

3. both the same volume and the same mass

4. neither the same volume nor the same mass

28.

At the same temperature and pressure, which sample contains the same number of moles of particles as 1 liter of O2(g)?

1. 1 L Ne(g)

2. 2 L N2(g)

3. 0.5 L SO2(g)

4. 1 L H2O(l)

29.

A gas occupies a volume of 40.0 milliliters at 20°C. If the volume is increased to 80.0 milliliters at constant pressure, the resulting temperature will be equal to

30.

Base your answer to the question on the information below.

Propane is a fuel that is sold in rigid, pressurized cylinders. Most of the propane in a cylinder is liquid, with gas in the space above the liquid level. When propane is released from the cylinder, the propane leaves the cylinder as a gas. Propane gas is used as a fuel by mixing it with oxygen in the air and igniting the mixture, as represented by the balanced equation below.

C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O() + 2219.2 kJ

A small amount of methanethiol, which has a distinct odor, is added to the propane to help consumers detect a propane leak. In methanethiol, the odor is caused by the thiol functional group (–SH). Methanethiol, CH3SH, has a structure that is very similar to the structure of methanol.

Which particle diagram correctly represents propane in gas phase and liquid phase in a pressurized cylinder?

1.
2. / 3.
4.

31.

The volume of a 1.00-mole sample of an ideal gas will decrease when the

1. pressure decreases and the temperature decreases

2. pressure decreases and the temperature increases

3. pressure increases and the temperature decreases

4. pressure increases and the temperature increases

32.

Which element has the greatest density at STP?

1. calcium

2. carbon

3. chlorine

4. copper

33.

Base your answer to the question on the information below.

Air bags are an important safety feature in modern automobiles. An air bag is inflated in milliseconds by the explosive decomposition of NaN3(s). The decomposition reaction produces N2(g), as well as Na(s), according to the unbalanced equation below.
NaN3(s) → Na(s) + N2(g)

When the air bag inflates, the nitrogen gas is at a pressure of 1.30 atmospheres, a temperature of 301 K, and has a volume of 40.0 liters. Calculate the volume of the nitrogen gas at STP.

Answer: L

34.

The table shows the temperature, pressure, and volume of five samples.

Which sample contains the same number of molecules as sample A?

1. E

2. B

3. C

4. D

35.

The temperature of 100 milliliters of a gas at 200.K is increased to 400.K, pressure remaining constant. The new volume of the gas will be

1. 50.0 ml

2. 100. ml

3. 200. ml

4. 400. ml

36.

The diagram represents four 500-milliliter flasks. Each contains the gas represented by the symbol.

All gas samples are at STP. Each flask contains the same number of

1. atoms, only

2. molecules, only

3. atoms and molecules

4. atoms but different number of molecules

37.

A volume of 50.0 milliliters of an ideal gas at STP increases to 100 milliliters. If the pressure remains constant, the new temperature must be

1. 0 K

2. 100 K

3. 273 K

4. 546 K

38.

Base your answers to this question on the information below.

An unlit candle is secured to the bottom of a 200-milliliter glass beaker. Baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) is added around the base of the candle as shown below.

The candle is lit and dilute ethanoic acid is poured down the inside of the beaker. As the acid reacts with the baking soda, bubbles of CO2 gas form. After a few seconds, the air in the beaker is replaced by 0.20 liter of CO2 gas, causing the candle flame to go out. The density of CO2 gas is 1.8 grams per liter at room temperature.

Calculate the mass of the CO2 gas that replaced the air in the beaker.

Answer:g

39.

The table below shows mass and volume data for four samples of substances at 298 K and 1 atmosphere.

Which two samples could consist of the same substance?

1. A and B

2. A and C

3. B and C

4. C and D

40.

A sample of oxygen gas in one container has a volume of 20.0 milliliters at 297 K and 101.3 kPa. The entire sample is transferred to another container where the temperature is 283 K and the pressure is 94.6 kPa. Which is a correct numerical setup for calculating the new volume of this sample of oxygen gas?