Arps = Rupees, with 100 Rupees = US$2.25

Table S1. Characteristics of the sample of the 2228female sex workers from five districts in southern India who gave valid answers across measures

Characteristics / Prevalence % (N) or Mean (N)
Social
Age (years) / 30 (2227)
Duration of sex work (years) / 4 (2224)
Marital status
Married
Cohabiting
Single
Other / 28.4% (659)
10.9% (245)
55.3% (1193)
5.4% (127)
Amount charged per sexual encounter (rupees)a / 195.4 (2220)
Environmental
District
Bangalore
Belgaum
Bellary
Mysore
Shimoga / 29.0% (655)
17.9% (379)
18.5% (411)
18.1% (410)
16.4% (373)
Typology
Brothel-based
Public-based
Home-based / 9.2% (203)
59.7% (1301)
31.1% (722)
Education
Cannot read/write
Can read/write / 64.9% (1449)
35.1% (779)
Sex work as sole income
Yes
No / 39.7% (881)
60.3% (1324)

arps = rupees, with 100 rupees = US$2.25

Table S2. Non-parametric Spearman R test for correlation between seven measures for numbers of clients per montha

/ Typical_dayA / Last_dayA / Typical_week / Typical_dayB / Last_dayB / Typical_dayB30 / Last_dayB30
Typical_dayA / 1
Last_dayA
P-value / 0.84
<0.0001 / 1
Typical_week
P-value / 0.92
<0.0001 / 0.81
<0.0001 / 1
Typical_dayB
P-value / 0.96
<0.0001 / 0.81
<0.0001 / 0.91
<0.0001 / 1
Last_dayB
P-value / 0.80
<0.0001 / 0.97
<0.0001 / 0.80
<0.0001 / 0.84
<0.0001 / 1
Typical_dayB30
P-value / 0.85
<0.0001 / 0.65
<0.0001 / 0.79
<0.0001 / 0.86
<0.0001 / 0.65
<0.0001 / 1
Last_dayB30
P-value / 0.58
<0.0001 / 0.86
<0.0001 / 0.59
<0.0001 / 0.59
<0.0001 / 0.86
<0.0001 / 0.62
<0.0001 / 1

aTypical_dayA=number of clients in a typical day*number of days worked per week*4.3 (average weeks per month);

Last_dayA= number of clients in the last day*number of days worked per week*4.3(average weeks per month);

Typical_week= number of clients in a typical week*4.3 (average weeks per month);

Typical_dayB= number of clients in a typical day*number of days worked in a month;

Last_dayB= number of clients in the last day*number of days worked in a month;

Typical_dayB30= number of clients in a typical day*30.4 (average days in a month);

Last_dayB30= number of clients in the last day*30.4 (average days in a month)

Table S3. Median clients per month (mean) of female sex workers in five southern Indian districts by categorical factors, and chi-squared values from Kruskal-Wallis testsa,b

Clients Per Month Outcome
Outcome
Time period
Scaling factor / Typical_dayA / Last_dayA / Typical_week / Typical_dayB / Last_dayB / Typical_dayB30 / Last_dayB30
Clients per typical day
Days per typical week*4.3 / Clients per last working day
Days per typical week*4.3 / Clients per typical week
4.3 / Clients per typical day
Days per typical month / Clients per last working day
Days per typical month / Clients per typical day
30.4 / Clients per last working day
30.4
Social
Marital status
Cohabiting
Single
Other
Married
Chi-square value / 43.0 (57.9)
34.4 (49.6)
51.6 (61.8)
25.8 (39.0)
***91.3 / 34.4 (51.5)
25.8 (42.3)
43.0 (57.5)
21.5 (33.1)
***95.5 / 34.4 (38.6)
34.4 (46.0)
51.6 (54.8)
25.8 (36.9)
***66.0 / 40.0 (54.4)
36.0 (48.0)
50 (57.2)
25.0 (37.3)
***87.9 / 30.0 (48.6)
30.0 (41.0)
40.0 (53.4)
20.0 (31.8)
***78.3 / 60.8 (87.6)
60.8 (82.1)
91.2 (87.8)
60.8 (71.5)
***49.5 / 60.8 (79.0)
60.8 (70.8)
60.8 (81.4)
60.8 (61.6)
***36.8
Environmental
District
Bangalore
Belgaum
Bellary
Mysore
Shimoga
Chi-square value / 43.1 (34.4)
51.6 (65.6)
34.4 (62.3)
34.4 (36.0)
17.2 (25.8)
***212.2 / 25.8 (34.1)
43.0 (58.4)
34.4 (57.8)
25.8 (33.7)
17.2 (27.7)
***140.0 / 34.4 (40.8)
51.6 (62.6)
43.0 (60.5)
25.8 (34.1)
17.2 (24.0)
***278.8 / 33.0 (42.1)
50.0 (63.5)
36.0 (58.2)
36.0 (43.2)
16. (25.1)
***227.1 / 25.0 (33.6)
45.0 (56.5)
30.0 (54.4)
24.0 (31.6)
16.0 (27.0)
***151.2 / 60.8 (78.3)
91.2 (97.7)
60.8 (90.2)
60.8 (75.6)
60.8 (57.9)
***153.1 / 60.8 (62.1)
60.8 (86.7)
60.8 (85.1)
60.8 (58.2)
60.8 (60.9)
***86.3
Typology
Brothel-based
Public-based
Home-based
Chi-square value / 77.4 (107.4)
34.4 (45.9)
25.8 (35.4)
***188.9 / 60.2 (92.4)
25.8 (38.2)
21.5 (33.2)
***160.3 / 64.5 (99.3)
34.4 (40.8)
25.8 (34.6)
***174.4 / 72.0 (97.6)
36.0 (44.2)
25.0 (34.9)
***171.1 / 56.0 (84.4)
28.0 (36.9)
20.0 (32.6)
***150.1 / 91.2 (135.4)
60.8 (78.5)
60.8 (66.9)
***169.6 / 91.2 (118.5)
60.8 (66.3)
60.8 (61.8)
***111.9
Education
Cannot read/write
Can read/write
Chi-square value / 34.4 (49.4)
34.4 (45.8)
***11.0 / 25.8 (42.3)
25.8 (40.0)
**8.5 / 34.4 (45.2)
30.1 (42.0)
**8.7 / 36.0 (47.3)
30.0 (43.8)
***14.5 / 30.0 (40.6)
24.0 (38.4)
***11.6 / 60.8 (80.9)
60.8 (78.1)
*4.5 / 60.8 (70.2)
60.8 (68.4)
1.7
Sex work as sole income
Yes
No
Chi-square value / 43.0 (65.3)
25.8 (37.6)
***157.7 / 34.4 (54.5)
25.8 (33.0)
***107.9 / 43.0 (57.8)
25.8 (35.2)
***131.9 / 45.0 (60.8)
30.0 (36.5)
***152.5 / 36.0 (51.6)
24.0 (32.2)
***104.2 / 91.2 (93.3)
60.8 (71.2)
***79.1 / 60.8 (79.7)
60.8 (62.9)
***39.9