APUSHUNIT 6 + CH 16 Dr. Ibokette

PRACTICE TEST

Ch 14. True/False Questions

  1. The Confederacy was organized before Lincoln was inaugurated. Page: 375
  1. Pre. Buchanan did not believe that a state had the legal right to secede from the Union. P375
  1. The Crittenden Compromise was essentially acceptable to Lincoln and the Republicans. Page: 375
  1. No additional states seceded from the Union once the war had begun.Page: 377
  1. The material advantages of the South were obvious right from the start of the war. P: 377
  1. The South was committed to fighting a defensive war. Page: 377
  1. The North financed the Civil War primarily by borrowing money. Page: 379
  1. To build up the Union army, Lincoln originally relied much more on volunteers in state militias than he did an increase in the regular army. Page: 380
  1. Lincoln dared to fight the Civil War without a formal declaration of war, but he did not dare suspend habeas corpus. Page: 382
  1. Despite being a Democrat, Andrew Johnson was selected to run with Lincoln in 1864. Page: 384
  1. Charles Sumner was a “Radical Republican.” Page: 384
  1. The Emancipation Proclamation was made into law by Congress. Page: 385
  1. The Emancipation Proclamation did not apply to all of the slave states. Page: 385
  1. African American mortality rates in the war were higher than that of whites. Page: 385
  1. Black fighting men captured by the Confederates were treated the same as white prisoners of war. Page: 386
  1. The United States Sanitary Commission, an organization of civilian volunteers, was led by Horace Greeley. Page: 386-387
  1. The Civil War helped transform nursing into a female profession, but these nurses encountered considerable resistance from male doctors. Page: 387
  1. The National Woman’s Loyal League worked simultaneously for the abolition of slavery and for the vote for women. Page: 387
  1. The Confederate constitution was almost identical to the Constitution of the United States. Page: 388
  1. The Confederate constitution explicitly acknowledged the sovereignty of individual states and the right of secession. Page: 388
  1. The Confederacy financed the Civil War primarily by printing paper money. Page: 388
  1. Feelings of states’ rights were so strong in the South that it was impossible for the Confederate government to take any steps toward centralization. Page: 389
  1. In both the North and the South, draftees could avoid military service if they hired substitutes. Page: 380, 388
  1. George McClellan was the most important military commander in the Union.Page: 391
  1. Lincoln understood that the proper objective of his armies was the occupation of Confederate territory. Page: 391
  1. As commander in chief, Lincoln was given a fairly free hand by Congress in conducting the war as he saw fit. Page: 392
  1. Jefferson Davis, unlike Lincoln, was a trained professional soldier.Page: 392
  1. The North had such an overwhelming advantage in naval power that its blockade of the South was completely effective from the start. Page: 393
  1. In the early part of the Civil War, the sympathies of the ruling classes in France and England lay with the Confederacy. Page: 394
  1. “Cotton diplomacy” worked to the extent that England extended diplomatic recognition to the Confederacy. Page: 394
  1. Torpedoes and submarines were used, to little effect, during the Civil War. Answer: True
  1. By the end of the Civil War, telegraph communication was used by both the North and South. Page: 397
  1. Military campaigns during the Civil War came to be organized around railroad lines.P397
  1. The First Battle of Bull Run dealt a severe blow to Union morale and dispelled the illusion that the war would be a short one. Page: 397
  1. In the early part of the war, Ulysses S. Grant campaigned in the western theater. P: 398
  1. Both Antietam and Shiloh could be described as Union victories. Page: 398, 401
  1. General McClellan was a great trainer of soldiers, but his excessive caution often exasperated Lincoln. Page: 398, 401
  1. After the Battle of Gettysburg, the weakened Confederate armies were never again able to seriously threaten northern territory. Page: 403
  1. Ulysses S. Grant believed in using the North’s great advantage in troops and material resources to overwhelm the South. Page: 404
  1. General Sherman’s “March to the Sea” faced bitter opposition through Georgia and South Carolina from Confederate forces. Page: 406
  1. Robert E. Lee and Jefferson Davis both agreed that the Confederacy must surrender at the Appomattox Court House. Page: 406

Ch. 15 True/False Questions

  1. Reconstruction was neither a vicious tyranny, as white southerners charged, nor a thoroughgoing reform, as many northerners claimed. Page: 411
  1. Even at the end of his life, Lincoln continued to insist that the Confederate government had no legal right to exist. Page: 412
  1. After the Civil War was over, African Americans responded by separating themselves from white institutions. Page: 413
  1. During Reconstruction, all adult male former slaves were given the constitutional right to vote. Page: 415
  1. The Freedmen’s Bureau was a civilian agency under the control of the State Department. Page: 414
  1. The Freedmen’s Bureau was confined by law to providing assistance only to former slaves and their families. Page: 414
  1. Radical Republicans favored a reconstruction process that would readmit the former Confederate states to the Union quickly. Page: 415
  1. By the time of his death, Lincoln’s sympathies had shifted from essential allegiance to the moderate wing of his party to casting his lot with the Radical Republicans. Page: 415
  1. The Wade-Davis Bill sought to make it more difficult than Lincoln desired for those states which had left the Union to return. Page: 415
  1. Leaders of the Confederacy were found to have aided John Wilkes Booth to carry out the plan to assassinate President Lincoln. Page: 415
  1. The Black Codes helped President Johnson’s plans for Reconstruction.Page: 416
  1. President Johnson vetoed both the Freedmen’s Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866. Page: 416
  1. The congressional elections of 1866 resulted in a resounding victory for the Republicans. Page: 416
  1. Virginia, Texas, and Mississippi were among the first states to comply with congressional Reconstruction. Page: 417
  1. President Johnson was impeached, but not convicted. Page: 418
  1. “Scalawags” were southerners who moved north after the Civil War. Page: 419
  1. The most numerous Republicans in the South were the black freedmen.Page: 419
  1. In the South as a whole, the percentage of black officeholders during Reconstruction was always far lower than the percentage of blacks in the population. Page: 419
  1. State expenditures by southern governments during Reconstruction were large, but only in comparison with the meager state budgets of the pre-Civil War years. Page: 420
  1. The most ambitious goal of the Radical Republicans was to reform landownership in the South. Page: 421
  1. Despite defeat in the Civil War, white landownership actually increased during Reconstruction. Page: 421
  1. During Reconstruction, though the black share of profits were rising, the total profits of southern agriculture were declining. Page: 422
  1. As sharecroppers, the black labor force in the South worked hours that were just as long as had been the case under slavery. Page: 423
  1. During Reconstruction, black family roles soon came to resemble similar roles within white families. Page: 424
  1. Without the support of black voters in 1868, Ulysses S. Grant would have had only a minority of the popular vote. Page: 424
  1. Grant played a leadership role among the “Liberal Republicans.” Page: 424
  1. “Seward’s Folly” refers to a financial scandal involving Grant’s secretary of state, William Seward. Page: 425
  1. The Panic of 1873 was the worst the country had faced to that point in its history. P 425
  1. Grant’s response to bad economic times was to approve plans to increase the amount of money in circulation. Page: 425
  1. The Grant administration achieved its greatest successes in foreign affairs. Page: 425
  1. The Democratic presidential candidate in 1876 won a majority of the popular vote, but he did not win the presidency. Page: 427
  1. In most parts of the South, the “Redeemer” government constituted a genuinely new ruling class. Page: 431
  1. Spokesmen for the New South advocated industrial development for the South, but seldom challenged white supremacy in the process.Page: 431
  1. African Americans were able to work in all types of industry in the South. Page: 433
  1. Tenant farming increased significantly in the South in the two decades following Reconstruction. Page: 434
  1. The “New South creed” was expounded by whites, not blacks. Page: 434
  1. Booker T. Washington argued that blacks should concentrate on self-improvement before political rights. Page: 435
  1. The Supreme Court generally struck down civil rights laws and upheld black voting rights in the late nineteenth century. Page: 436-437
  1. Segregation of the races in the late nineteenth-century South resulted in declining violence against blacks. Page: 439
  1. In late-nineteenth-century southern politics, economic issues played a secondary role to the issue of race. Page: 440

Ch. 16: True/False Questions

  1. The real West of the mid-nineteenth century bore little resemblance to its popular image. Page: 443
  1. More than 300,000 Indians lived on the Pacific coast before the arrival of Spanish settlers.Page: 444
  1. Permanent settlements were somewhat rare among the Plains Indians. Page: 444
  1. Plains Indians were formidable foes of white settlers because they were usually able to present a united front. Page: 444
  1. Plains Indians were not particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases brought from the eastern United States. Page: 445
  1. In the mid-nineteenth century, Hispanic society in the Southwest grew, despite the increasing Anglo-American settlement in that area. Page: 446
  1. The power of the Navajo and Apache tribes in the Southwest was broken by Hispanic settlers before the arrival of the U.S. Army. Page: 446
  1. By the end of the nineteenth century, the Hispanic presence in California was concentrated in the working class. Page: 447
  1. By 1880, more than 200,000 Chinese had settled in the United States. Page: 447
  1. White hostility to Chinese immigrants was rooted in the perception that they were lazy. Page: 447
  1. A number of Chinese immigrants worked in the mines of California before turning to the railroad for employment. Page: 447
  1. A homestead unit of 160 acres was too small for grain farming on the Great Plains. P 450
  1. The Timber Culture Act and the Desert Land Act were both designed to limit individual homesteaders in the American West. Page: 450
  1. By the end of the nineteenth century, the American West was firmly tied to the increasingly powerful industrial economy of the East. Page: 451
  1. The western working class was highly multiracial and stratified along racial lines. Page: 451
  1. The most valuable mineral in the great Comstock Lode was gold. Page: 452
  1. Women in western mining towns were almost always prostitutes. Page: 452
  1. In the 1870s, nearly one out of every eighty miners was killed on the job. Page: 453
  1. The number of men in mining towns greatly outnumbered the number of women. P:452
  1. Those who flocked to mining towns and failed to strike it rich most often left the West. Page: 453
  1. By ancestry, the western cattle industry was Mexican and Texan. Page: 453
  1. The 1866 attempt to create a “long drive” between Texas and Missouri ended in failure. Page: 453
  1. During the latter half of the nineteenth century, the structure of the cattle industry became increasingly corporate. Page: 454
  1. The post-1850 federal government reservation policy for American Indians had few benefits for either whites or Indians. Page: 460
  1. Management of Indian affairs by the federal government was in the hands of the army.
  2. Page: 460
  1. Between 1865 and 1875, the number of buffalo in the American West declined from 15 million to under 1,000. Page: 461
  1. The Sand Creek Massacre was a rare story of Indians killing whites. Page: 461
  1. At the end of the Civil War, whites stepped up their wars against the western Indians on several fronts. Page: 462
  1. Custer’s defeat at Little Bighorn in 1876 was made possible in part by an unusually large gathering of tribal warriors. Page: 462
  1. The story of the Nez Percé Indians is of a peaceful tribe forced to turn terribly violent. Page: 462-464
  1. White agents who observed the Indian “Ghost Dance” often did not understand it. P 465
  1. The Dawes Severalty Act sought the gradual elimination of most tribal ownership of land. Page: 465
  1. American Indians were generally willing to accept the terms of the Dawes Act. Page: 465-466
  1. Commercial farmers in the Midwest and West were forced to become self-sufficient. Page: 467
  1. Late nineteenth-century American farmers increasingly sold their produce in competitive international markets and bought their supplies in a domestic market protected by tariffs. Page: 468
  1. Hamlin Garland wrote novels celebrating the hope and spirit of the American West. P:468