Appendix Table 1. Hazard ratios for death by quantitysmoked and underlying cause of death: ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for men and women separately and for women compared to men, adjusted for age, area of residence, country of birth, level of education and marital status.
Cause of death / Smoking category / Men / Women / Women:MenAll causes of death / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Ex-smoker / 1.40(1.29to 1.51) / 1.36(1.24to 1.49) / 0.97(0.86to 1.09)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 2.09(1.83to 2.39) / 1.98(1.65to 2.39) / 0.93(0.74to 1.17)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 2.38(1.96 to 2.90) / 2.26(1.82to 2.80) / 0.92(0.68to 1.22)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 2.86 (2.29to 3.57) / 2.71(2.11 to 3.47) / 0.92(0.66to 1.28)
Lung cancer / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Ex-smoker / 4.49(2.92 to 6.92) / 4.56(2.59to 8.04) / 1.02(0.51 to 2.06)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 8.02(4.81 to 13.35) / 17.64 (9.13 to 34.09) / 2.22 (0.97to 5.08)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 14.10(7.96 to 24.96) / 19.11 (9.21to 39.63) / 1.37(0.55to 3.43)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 15.37(8.31to 28.46) / 36.72 (18.40 to 73.27) / 2.38(0.94 to 6.03)
Ischaemic heart disease / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Ex-smoker / 1.48(1.24to 1.77) / 1.28(1.05to 1.57) / 0.86(0.66to 1.12)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 1.69(1.25to 2.28) / 1.28(0.80to 2.05) / 0.75(0.43to 1.30)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 1.65(1.03to 2.67) / 1.69(1.02 to 2.79) / 1.01 (0.50to 2.01)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 1.83(1.07to 3.16) / 1.90(1.04to 3.47) / 1.02 (0.45 to 2.29)
Stroke / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Ex-smoker / 1.39(1.02 to 1.91) / 0.99 (0.75to 1.32) / 0.72(0.47to 1.11)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 2.37(1.46to 3.84) / 1.46(0.81to 2.63) / 0.62(0.29to 1.33)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 1.19(0.42 to 3.32) / 1.34(0.63to 2.87) / 1.14(0.32 to 4.09)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 2.39(1.00to 5.68) / 0.30(0.04to 2.15) / 0.13(0.01 to 1.08)
Chronic obstructive / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
pulmonary disease / Ex-smoker / 8.03 (3.51to 18.36) / 8.11 (4.86to 13.55) / 0.98(0.37to 2.59)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 19.55 (7.92to 48.27) / 16.57 (8.46 to 32.44) / 0.81 (0.27to 2.47)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 25.90 (9.47to 70.81) / 24.54 (12.33 to 48.83) / 0.90(0.27 to 3.00)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 15.58 (4.69 to 51.84) / 32.78 (16.08 to 66.83) / 2.01 (0.50to 8.04)
Other smoking related / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Diseases / Ex-smoker / 1.20 (0.94 to 1.52) / 1.76(1.36to 2.28) / 1.47(1.04 to 2.08)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 1.93(1.32to 2.82) / 2.81(1.77to 4.46) / 1.49(0.82 to 2.70)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 2.04(1.14to 3.66) / 2.51 (1.38to 4.56) / 1.26(0.55to 2.92)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 2.81(1.57to 5.03) / 1.60 (0.65 to 3.93) / 0.59(0.20to 1.74)
All other deaths / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Ex-smoker / 1.04 (0.93 to 1.17) / 1.03(0.90to 1.17) / 1.00(0.84to 1.18)
Smoke 1-14 cig per day / 1.30 (1.07 to 1.59) / 1.00 (0.73 to 1.37) / 0.79(0.55to 1.15)
Smoke 15-24 cig per day / 1.34(0.97 to 1.83) / 1.09(0.75to 1.58) / 0.83(0.51to 1.35)
Smoke 25+ cig per day / 1.33(0.92to 1.94) / 1.37(0.91to 2.08) / 1.06 (0.61to 1.84)
Appendix Table 2. Hazard ratios for death by time since quitting smoking and underlying cause of death: ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for men and women separately and for women compared to menadjusted for age, area of residence, country of birth, level of education and marital status.
Cause of death / Smoking category / Men / Women / Women:MenAll causes of death / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Current smoker / 2.28 (2.04 to 2.55) / 2.22 (1.95 to 2.53) / 0.95 (0.80 to 1.13)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 1.96 (1.69 to 2.28) / 1.74 (1.46 to 2.07) / 0.88 (0.70 to 1.10)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 1.86 (1.61 to 2.14) / 1.63 (1.37 to 1.95) / 0.86 (0.69 to 1.08)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 1.54 (1.34 to 1.77) / 1.35 (1.18 to 1.55) / 0.88 (0.72 to 1.07)
Quit > 20 years ago / 1.26 (1.16 to 1.38) / 1.13 (0.99 to 1.29) / 0.89 (0.76 to 1.04)
Lung cancer / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Current smoker / 10.74 (6.76 to 17.04) / 21.92 (12.69 to 37.89) / 2.09 (1.02 to 4.26)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 10.62 (6.37 to 17.70) / 5.03 (2.18 to 12.92) / 0.51 (0.18 to 1.40)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 8.61 (5.14 to 14.42) / 10.09 (4.94 to 20.63) / 1.19 (0.49 to 2.85)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 6.97 (4.15 to 11.70) / 4.61 (2.24 to 9.46) / 0.67 (0.28 to 1.62)
Quit > 20 years ago / 2.86 (1.81 to 4.51) / 1.98 (0.82 to 4.77) / 0.70 (0.26 to 1.88)
Ischaemic heart disease / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Current smoker / 1.71 (1.32 to 2.22) / 1.51 (1.10 to 2.07) / 0.87 (0.58 to 1.30)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 1.56 (1.10 to 2.19) / 1.68 (1.15 to 2.47) / 1.06 (0.64 to 1.77)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 1.82 (1.34 to 2.47) / 1.30 (0.84 to 2.00) / 0.70 (0.41 to 1.18)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 1.83 (1.37 to 2.43) / 1.22 (0.89 to 1.66) / 0.66 (0.43 to 1.01)
Quit > 20 years ago / 1.38 (1.15 to 1.67) / 1.20 (0.90 to 1.60) / 0.86 (0.61 to 1.21)
Stroke / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Current smoker / 2.15 (1.38 to 3.33) / 1.18 (0.74 to 1.87) / 0.56 (0.29 to 1.05)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 2.11 (1.22 to 3.67) / 0.99 (0.52 to 1.88) / 0.47 (0.20 to 1.10)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 1.57 (0.88 to 2.78) / 0.89 (0.45 to 1.73) / 0.57 (0.24 to 1.38)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 1.20 (0.67 to 2.17) / 1.18 (0.77 to 1.79) / 0.99 (0.48 to 2.04)
Quit > 20 years ago / 1.33 (0.95 to 1.86) / 0.89 (0.58 to 1.37) / 0.69 (0.40 to 1.18)
Chronic obstructive / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
pulmonary disease / Current smoker / 21.39 (8.98 to 50.92) / 21.94 (12.68 to 37.96) / 1.00 (0.36 to 2.75)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 29.28 (12.00 to 71.41) / 15.28 (8.03 to 29.08) / 0.52 (0.17 to 1.53)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 17.28 (6.86 to 43.52) / 18.46 (9.95 to 34.24) / 1.07 (0.36 to 3.24)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 11.36 (4.41 to 29.29) / 5.72 (2.88 to 11.34) / 0.50 (0.16 to 1.60)
Quit > 20 years ago / 4.28 (1.81 to 10.15) / 3.45 (1.65 to 7.23) / 0.78 (0.25 to 2.42)
Other smoking related / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Diseases / Current smoker / 2.08 (1.52 to 2.86) / 2.45 (1.70 to 3.52) / 1.20 (0.74 to 1.94)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 1.17 (0.71 to 1.94) / 2.38 (1.51 to 3.76) / 2.06 (1.05 to 4.05)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 1.21 (0.76 to 1.92) / 2.06 (1.27 to 3.34) / 1.70 (0.87 to 3.33)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 1.38 (0.91 to 2.09) / 1.84 (1.28 to 2.66) / 1.34 (0.78 to 2.33)
Quit > 20 years ago / 1.17 (0.91 to 1.51) / 1.35 (0.92 to 1.98) / 1.15 (0.73 to 1.81)
All other deaths / Never smoked / 1.00 / 1.00
Current smoker / 1.32 (1.11 to 1.56) / 1.14 (0.92 to 1.41) / 0.89 (0.68 to 1.17)
Quit 0-5 years ago / 1.10 (0.87 to 1.39) / 1.11 (0.85 to 1.46) / 1.04 (0.72 to 1.49)
Quit 6-10 years ago / 1.22 (0.98 to 1.50) / 0.98 (0.73 to 1.31) / 0.81 (0.57 to 1.16)
Quit 11-20 years ago / 0.92 (0.74 to 1.15) / 1.02 (0.84 to 1.25) / 1.13 (0.84 to 1.52)
Quit > 20 years ago / 1.04 (0.92 to 1.17) / 1.00 (0.83 to 1.20) / 0.97 (0.78 to 1.21)