Supplementary TableS1 Methodologies used in each study

Studies / Year of study / Response rate (%) / Recruitment information / Fasting and 2-hour glucose / Blood sample / Waist circumference / Principal Investigators
China, Beijing Study / 1997 / 98 / Jang Z 1997 Chin J of Geriatrics / Glucose oxidase method, (Hitachi 7170 Auto analyzer) / plasma / At the minimum circumference between the rib cage and iliac crest / Yang Ze,
Institute of Geriatrics and
BeijingHospital and Chinese-JapaneseFriendshipHospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
China, Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study / 1995-97 / 38 / Janus ED et al.,
Diabet Med
2000;17: 741-5. / Hexokinase method (Hitachi 747 analyser with Boehringer Mannheim, Germany) / plasma / Half way between the xiphisternym and the umbilicus / Lam TH1, Ho SY1, Janus ED2
1. Department of Community
Medicine,School of Public Health,University of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong, China
2. Department of Medicine,
University of Melbourne, Australia
China , Qingdao Diabetes Survey 2002 / 2002 / 83 / Dong Y et al.,
Diabet Med
2005;22:1427-33 / Glucose oxidase method (AMS Analyser Medical System, SABA-18, Italy) / plasma / At the minimal abdominal girth between the rib cage and iliac crest / Dong YH and Gao WG
Qingdao Endocrinology and
DiabetesHospital and
Institute,Qingdao, China
China, Qindao Diabetes Survey 2006 / 2006 / 90 / ( / Glucose oxidase method (AMS Analyser Medical System, SABA-18, Italy) / plasma / At the minimal abdominal girth between the rib cage and iliac crest / Qiao Q1, Pang ZC2, Wang SJ2 for
the Qingdao Diabetes
Study Group 2006
(
Organize-6.asp).
1. Department of Public Health,
University of Helsinki. Helsinki,
Finland
2. Qingdao Municipal Centre for
Disease Control and Prevention,
Qingdao, China
China, Shunyi Study / 1997 / 98 / Jang Z 1997 Chin J of Geriatrics / Glucose oxidase method, (Hitachi 7170 Auto analyzer) / plasma / At the minimum circumference between the rib cage and iliac crest / Yang Ze,
Shunyi County People’s Hospital,
Shunyi, China
Japan, Funagata Diabetes Survey90-92 / 1990-92 / 65 / Sekikawa A
Diab Care 1993 / Glucose oxidase method / plasma / NA / Tominaga M,
Department of Laboratory Medicine, YamagataUniversity,
Yamagata, Japan
Japan, Funagata Diabetes Survey95-97 / 1995-97 / 58 / Daimon et al.,
Diab Care
2003;26:2015-20 / Glucose oxidase method, (GA1160, Arkray, Kyoto) / plasma / At umbilicus l / Tominaga M,
Department of Laboratory Medicine, YamagataUniversity,
Yamagata, Japan
Japan, Hisayama Study / 1988 / 96 / Ohmura et al.,
Diabetologia
1993;36:1198-1203 / Glucose oxidase method using Glucoroder-MK2
(A & T Inc., Tokyo, Japan) / plasma / NA / Doi Y, Ninomiya T,
Kiyohara Y,
Department of Environmental
Medicine, GraduateSchoolof Medical Sciences,
KyushuUniversity, Fukuoka,
Japan
Japan, Ojika91 and 96 / 1991, 1996 / 47 / Nagai et al.,
Nippon Koshu Eisei
Zasshi 1992;39:
907-912 / Glucokinase; GPH/Hitachi7250 / plasma / NA / Masaki Nagai, Satomi Shibazaki,
Department of Public Health,
SaitamaMedicalSchool,
Saitama, Japan
India, Chennai 94 / 1993-95 / 84 / Ramachandran et al.,
Diab Res ClinPrac
2003;60:199-204 / Glucose oxidase-Peroxidase (Hitachi 704 Autoanalyser, and Boehringer Mannheim, Germany reagents) / plasma / The smallest girth between the costal margin and iliac crests / Ramachadran A,
India Diabetes Research Foundation, Ramachandran’s DiabetesHospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
India, Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS) 1997 / 1997 / 90 / Mohan et al.,
Diabet Med
2001;18:280-287 / GOD-POD method, with kit (Boehringer Mannheim, Germany) and Ciba Corning Express Plus Autoanalyser (Corning, Medfield, MA, USA) / plasma / Midpoint between the iliac crest and the lower margin of the rib / Mohan V,
Dr.Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
India, NUDS 2000 / 2000 / 90 / Ramachandran et al.,
Diabetologia
2001;44:1094-1101 / Glucose oxidase method, Glucometer - Johnson & Johnson, / capillary / The smallest girth between the coastal margin and iliac crests / Ramachadran A,
India Diabetes Research Foundation, Ramachandran’s DiabetesHospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
India, Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES) 2004 / 2004 / 90 / Mohan et al.,
Diabetologia
2006;49:1175-1178 / Glucose oxidase-peroxidase method (Hitachi 912 Autoanalyser (Hitachi, Mannheim, Germany) / plasma / Smallest horizontal girth between the costal margins and the iliac crests at minimal respiration / Mohan V,
Dr.Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
Mauritius,
Mauritius 87 / 1987 / 86 / Söderberg et al.,
Diab Med 2005;22:61-8 / Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) glucose analyzer, OH, USA / plasma / Midpoint between
theiliac
crest and the lower rib margin / Zimmet P1,Tuomilehto J2
Shaw J1, Alberti K.G.M.M3,
Söderberg S4.
1. Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
2. Department
of Public Health, University
of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;
3. Imperial College, Mint Wing, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK;
4. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology,University of Umeå, Sweden
Mauritius,
Mauritius 92 / 1992 / 90 / Söderberg et al.,
Diab Med 2005;22:61-8 / Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) glucose analyzer, OH, USA / plasma / Midpoint between
the iliac
crest and the lower rib margin / Zimmet P,Tuomilehto J,
Shaw J, Alberti KGMM,
Söderberg S
Mauritius,
Mauritius 98 / 1998 / 87 / Söderberg et al.,
Diab Med 2005;22:61-8 / Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) glucose analyzer, OH, USA / plasma / Midpoint between
the iliac
crest and the lower rib margin / Zimmet P, Tuomilehto J,
Shaw J, Alberti KGMM,
Söderberg S
Cyprus, Nicosia
Diabetes Study / 2003-04 / 76 / Loizou T et al.,
Diab care 2006;29:1714-15 / Hexokinase/Cobas Mira Plus Roche / The whole
blood / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
the iliac crest / Loizou TG
NicosiaDiabetesCenter and
S.Pouloukas, Department of
ComputerScience and
Engineering, Intercollege,
Cyprus
Finland,The National FINRISK Study 1987 / 1987 / 79 / Lahti-Koski et al.,
Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:809–17 / Glucose dehydrogenase / the whole
blood / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Tuomilehto J1,2,3, Jousilahti P2,
Lindström J2,Laatikainen T2.
1. Department of Public Health,
University of Helsinki, Helsinki;
2. Diabetes Prevention Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki,
3. SouthOstrobothnia
CentralHospital, Seinäjoki,
Finland
Finland, The National FINRISK Study 1992 / 1992 / 77 / Lahti-Koski et al.,
Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:809–17 / Glucose dehydrogenase / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Tuomilehto J, Jousilahti P,
Lindström J, Laatikainen T.
Finland, The National FINRISK Study 2002 / 2002 / 71 / Raatikka et al.,
Int J Biometereol
2007; 51:441-448 / Hexokinase assay (Thermo Electron Oy) / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Tuomilehto J, Jousilahti P,
Lindström J, Laatikainen T.
Finland, Savitaipale study / 1996-99 / 77 / Saramies et al.,
Diab Res Clin Prac
2006;71:220-224 / Glucose dehydrogenase (Hemocue) / the whole
blood / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Saramies J
SavitaipaleHealthCenter,
Savitaipale, Finland
Italy, Cremona Study / 1990-91 / 58 / Garancini et al., Diabetologia 1995; 38: 306-313 / GOD-PAP glucose-oxidase (Boehringer Mannheim, Milan, Italy) / plasma / At umbilicus / M.P. Garancini1, G. Calori2,
G. Ruotolo1,2
1. Clinical Cardiovascular BiologyResearch Centre, San
Raffaele Scientifc Institute,
Milan, Italy
2. AstraZeneca R&D
Mölndal, Sweden
The Netherlands,Hoorn Study / 1989-91 / 71 / Mooy JM et al., Diabetes care 1991; 18: 1270-1273 / glucose dehydrogenase (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / L.M. Bouter1, J.M. Dekker1,
R.J. Heine1, G. Nijpels1,
C.D.A. Stehouwer1,2.
1. Institute for Research
in Extramural Medicine,
VU UniversityMedical
Center, Amsterdam.
2. Dept of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht,
MaastrichtUniversityMedical
Centre, AZ Maastricht,
the Netherlands
Spain, Viva study / 1996-98 / Lorenzo C et al.,
Diab Care 2001;24:2059-2064 / Hexokinase method, HITACHI / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Gabriel R, JB Cabello,
JM Carreira, P. Horcajo,
J. Muñiz, J, Parra,
M. Pladevall,
A. Segura, S. Vega,
M. Serrano-Rios, F. Soriguer.
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz
Madrid, Spain
Sweden,
Swedish MONICA1986 / 1986 / 82 / Stegmayr B,
Diabetologia
1995;38:1061-1068 / glucose oxidase (Beckman analyzer) / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Söderberg S, M. Eliasson.
Department of Public Health
and Clinical Medicine,
Cardiology, University of Umeå, Sweden
Sweden,
Swedish MONICA 1990 / 1990 / 81 / Eliasson M et al.,
Scand J Public Health
Suppl 2003;61:70-7 / glucose oxidase (Beckman analyzer) / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Söderberg S, Eliasson M.
Department of Public Health
and Clinical Medicine,
Cardiology, University of Umeå,
Sweden
Sweden,
Swedish MONICA 1994 / 1994 / 77 / Eliasson M et al.,
Scand J Public Health
Suppl 2003;61:70-7 / glucose oxidase (Beckman analyzer) / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Söderberg S, Eliasson M.
Department of Public Health
and Clinical Medicine,
Cardiology,
University of Umeå, Sweden
Sweden,
Swedish MONICA 2004 / 2004 / 76 / Hendrikx T et al.,
Scand J Public Health
2008; 36: 340-345 / glucose oxidase (Beckman analyzer) / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / Söderberg S, M. Eliasson.
Department of Public Health
and Clinical Medicine,
Cardiology, University of Umeå
Sweden
United Kingdom, Ely Study / 1990-92 / 74 / WarehamNJ et al.,
Diabetes care 1999;
22: 262-270 / Hexokinase assay / plasma / Midway between
the lower rib
margin and
iliac crest / N.J. Wareham, MRC
Epidemiology Unit,
Strangeways Research Labs,
Cambridge, UK
United Kingdom, Newcastle Study / 1992-94 / 96 / Unwin et al.,
J Epidemiol Community Health
1997;51:160-166 / glucose oxidase (hitachi 717 analyser) / plasma / Midpoint between
the lower costal
margin and the
superior iliac crest / N. Unwin1, N. Ahmad1,
KGMM. Alberti2, L. Hayes1.
1. Department of Medicine and
Epidemiologyand Public Health,
Universityof Newcastle, Newcastle.
2. ImperialCollege, St Mary's Campus,
St Mary's Hospital, London, UK