APES: Systems and Matter

Name: ______Date: ______

APES: Systems and Matter

Unit 1 Quiz 2 (26 total points)

Identify the vocabulary word most appropriate for each definition below

(0.5 points each)

1.  ______– atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

2.  ______– spontaneous release of material from nucleus of radioactive isotope

3.  ______– energy emitted by the sun including visible light, UV light, and infrared light.

4.  ______– doesn’t contains carbon bound to other carbon and hydrogen atoms

5.  ______– the number that indicates relative strength of an acid or a base

6.  ______– DNA, RNA, proteins,, carbohydrates and proteins are all examples of this type of compound

7.  ______– states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.

8.  ______– states that energy can neither be created or destroyed but can change from one form to another.

9.  ______– states that when energy is transformed, the quantity of energy remain the same, but its ability to do work diminishes

10.  ______- smallest unit of life

11.  ______- System responds to a change by returning to its original state, or by decreasing the rate at which the change occurs

12.  ______– system in which change is amplified.

13.  ______– contains more than one atom bonded together

14.  ______– molecule containing more than one type of atom

15.  ______– substance that releases hydrogen ions in solution

16.  ______– substance that releases hydroxide ions in solution

17.  ______– presence of strong hydrogen bonds at the surface of a body of water

18.  ______– adhesion of water molecules to a surface, used by plant to transport water from roots to stem

19.  ______- the ability to do work or transfer heat

20.  ______- the rate at which work is done

MATH PROBLEMS

SHOW ALL YOUR WORK! ½ credit if not show in dimensional analysis

CIRLE ANSWERS

Reference:

1 Watt = 1 Joules/second

1kWh = 1000W x h

21.  (2 pts) Calculate the gallons of gas use just for going to the supermarket in one year if you take 5 trips to the store per week, traveling 7.5 miles roundtrip, and your car gets 22 miles per gallon.

22.  (6 pts) Your 7.5 kW air conditioner is used for a total of 125 days (20 hours per day). Assume the cost per kWh is $.08 and 1 kWh = 3400 BTUs.

a.  Calculate the total number of kWh used per year.

b.  Determine the cost of air conditioning for one year.

c.  How many BTUs are used in one year?

23.  (8 pts) A large, coal-fired electric power plant produces 12 million kilowatt-hours of electricity each day. Assume the input of 10,000 BTU’s of heat is required to produce an output of 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity.

1. Determine the number of BTU’s of heat needed to generate the electricity produced by the power plant each day.

1. Determine the pounds of coal consumed by the power plant each day, assuming that one pound of coal yields 5,000 BTU’s of heat.

1. Determine the pounds of sulfur released by the power plant each day, assuming that the coal contains one percent sulfur by weight.

1. Discuss why sulfur emissions from coal-fired power plants are considered an environmental problem and describe why one negative effect on an ecosystem that has been associated with sulfur emissions.

24.  Isotope – atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

25.  Radioactive decay – spontaneous release of material from the nucleus of a radioactive isotope

26.  Electromagnetic radiation – energy emitted by the sun including visible light, UV light, and infrared light.

27.  Inorganic compound – does not contains carbon bound to other carbon and hydrogen atoms

28.  pH – the number that indicates relative strength of an acid or a base

29.  Organic compound – DNA, RNA, proteins,, carbohydrates and proteins are all examples of this type of compound

30.  Law of conservation of matter – states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.

31.  First law of thermodynamics – states that energy can neither be created or destroyed but can change from one form to another.

32.  Second law of thermodynamics – states that when energy is transformed, the quantity of energy remain the same, but its ability to do work diminishes

33.  Cell - smallest unit of life

34.  Negative feedback loop - System responds to a change by returning to its original state, or by decreasing the rate at which the change occurs

35.  Positive feedback loop – system in which change is amplified.

36.  Molecule – contains more than one atom bonded together

37.  Compound – molecule containing more than one type of atom

38.  Acid – substance that releases hydrogen ions in solution

39.  Base – substance that releases hydroxide ions in solution

40.  Surface tension – presence of strong hydrogen bonds at the surface of a body of water

41.  Capillary action – adhesion of water molecules to a surface, used by plant to transport water from roots to stem

42.  Energy - the ability to do work or transfer heat

43.  Power - the rate at which work is done

44.  Isotope – atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

45.  Radioactive decay – spontaneous release of material from the nucleus of a radioactive isotope

46.  Electromagnetic radiation – energy emitted by the sun including visible light, UV light, and infrared light.

47.  Inorganic compound – does not contains carbon bound to other carbon and hydrogen atoms

48.  pH – the number that indicates relative strength of an acid or a base

49.  Organic compound – DNA, RNA, proteins,, carbohydrates and proteins are all examples of this type of compound

50.  Law of conservation of matter – states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.

51.  First law of thermodynamics – states that energy can neither be created or destroyed but can change from one form to another.

52.  Second law of thermodynamics – states that when energy is transformed, the quantity of energy remain the same, but its ability to do work diminishes

53.  Cell - smallest unit of life

54.  Negative feedback loop - System responds to a change by returning to its original state, or by decreasing the rate at which the change occurs

55.  Positive feedback loop – system in which change is amplified.

56.  Molecule – contains more than one atom bonded together

57.  Compound – molecule containing more than one type of atom

58.  Acid – substance that releases hydrogen ions in solution

59.  Base – substance that releases hydroxide ions in solution

60.  Surface tension – presence of strong hydrogen bonds at the surface of a body of water

61.  Capillary action – adhesion of water molecules to a surface, used by plant to transport water from roots to stem

62.  Energy - the ability to do work or transfer heat

63.  Power - the rate at which work is done

64.  Calculate the gallons of gas use just for going to the supermarket in one year if you take 5 trips to the store per week, traveling 7.5 miles roundtrip, and your car gets 22 miles per gallon.