AP U.S. HistoryChapter 21 Summary: America and the Great War

  1. Roosevelt Corollary

a.U.S. would intervene in Latin-American affairs to maintain economic and political ______

b.Applied to

i.Dominican Republic: Fallen behind in debt payments

ii.______: Civil unrest

  1. Dollar Diplomacy

a.Political influence would follow increased U.S. trade and ______investment

i.Central America (railroads, mines, plantations)

ii.Haiti (keep out foreign funds)

b.Contrasts with ______big stick policy

  1. American Presence in the Caribbean

a.Panama

i.The U.S. helps Panama revolt against ______

ii.Panama declares independence: U.S. recognizes

iii.Construction of Panama ______

  1. Over 5,000 laborers perished
  2. Greatly reduced time required to travel by ship
  1. Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy

a.Condemned Imperialism

i.Latin American countries

ii.Only trade with countries that had American ______

b.Mexican Revolution

i.______diplomacy fails

ii.U.S. invades Mexico but falls short of war

  1. World War I Begins

a.Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated

b.Wilson pushes for American ______

i.German/Irish-Americans side with Central Powers

ii.Other Americans identify with Great Britain and France

iii.Economic interest with ______

  1. The U.S. Prepares for War

a.Germany declares waters around the British Isles to be a war zone

i.German ______sink Lusitania & Sussex

  1. Wilson threatens break in diplomatic relations with Germany

b.National Defense Act ______size of U.S. army

c.Not all Americans support preparations

d.Zimmerman Note intercepted

i.German-Mexican alliance against U.S.

ii.______tool for U.S. entry into the war

e.The Germans resume ______submarine warfare

i.Heavy American death toll

ii.Wilson signs declaration of war on April 6, 1917

  1. Selling the War in the U.S.

a.Committee of Public Information

i.Created to organize public opinion

ii.Posters, films, books, ______the war

iii.Themes

  1. America as a unified ______community
  2. Crusade for peace and freedom
  3. Negative campaign against ______

b.Selective Service Act introduced

  1. The War Itself

a.More Americans die due to disease than to combat

b.______warfare slows pace of war

c.More Americans fight in France

  1. An Uneasy Peace

a.The ______Points

i.Set new national boundaries in Europe

ii.Principles of international conduct

iii.League of Nations

b.Treaty of ______

i.Harsh against Germany

ii.Not ratified by the U.S.

iii.U.S. did not join the ______

  1. Results of the War

a.Economic

i.American businesses expand and gain ______--

ii.Taxes on income/profits become major source of revenue

b.AFL labor ______increases in power

i.Demand for workers increase

ii.Better wages and working conditions

iii.National War Labor Board

c.______

i.Radical IWW weakens

ii.Socialists

iii.Sacco and ______

  1. Women’s Rights

a.Lose jobs to returning ______-

i.Most retain white collared jobs

ii.Fewer work in manufacturing/domestic service

b.Nineteenth Amendment ratified

i.Women allowed to vote nationwide

ii.______uses radical tactics

c.Eighteenth Amendment ratified

i.National ban on ______drinks

ii.Stimulus for organized crime

  1. Repression and Reaction

a.Espionage Act

i.Government tool for ______of antiwar sentiment

ii.FBI organized to enforce act

iii.Supreme Court endorses restrictions on speech

b.Great Migration

i.Movement of millions of African Americans to North during & after WWI

ii.Fueled by ______in South and job openings in North