Chapter 20: The Age of Napoleon

and the Triumph of Romanticism

THE AGE OF NAPOLEON

Names

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)

*became Napoleon I on December 2, 1804*

Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson (1758-1805)

Josephine de Beauharnais (1763-1814)

Abbé Siéyès (1746-1836)

Roger Ducos (1747-1816)

Pope Pius VII (r. 1800-1823)

Duke of Enghien (1772-1804)

Marie Louise (1791-1847)

Joseph Bonaparte (1768-1844)

Sir Arthur Wellesley “Duke of Wellington” (1769-1852)

Alexander I (r. 1801-1825)

Mikhail Kutuzov (1745-1813)

Frederick William III (r. 1797-1840)

Francis II (r. 1792-1835)

Charles IV (r. 1788-1808)

Events/Terms

The Battle of Toulon (1793)

“Whiff of grapeshot”—dispersion of the royalist uprising (October 5, 1795)

Treaty of Campo Formio (October 1797)

Battle of the Nile (August 1, 1798)

Coup d’état of 19 Brumaire (November 10, 1799)

Constitution of the Year VIII (December 1799)

The Bank of France (established in 1800)

The Concordat of 1801

Lycées (established in 1802)

The Imperial Recess of 1803

The Louisiana Purchase of 1803

The Napoleonic Code (established in 1804)

Coronation of Napoleon (December 2, 1804)

The Berlin Decrees (November 1806)

The Continental System (established in 1806)

The Grand Empire

Guerrilla Warfare

Scorched Earth Tactics

Military Campaigns

War of the Second Coalition (1798-1802)

(Second Coalition=Great Britain, Russia, Austria, Ottoman State)

Battle of Marengo (June 14, 1800)

Treaty of Lunéville (February 1801)

Treaty of Amiens (March 1802)

War of the Third Coalition (1805-1807)

(Third Coalition=Great Britain, Russia, Austria)

Battle of Trafalgar (October 21, 1805)

Battle of Austerlitz (December 2, 1805)

Treaty of Pressburg (December 1805)

Battle of Jena (October 14, 1806)

Battle of Auerstädt (October 14, 1806)

Battle of Friedland (June 13, 1807)

Treaty of Tilsit (July 1807)

Peninsular Campaign (1808-1814)

War of Liberation (1809)

Battle of Wagram—July 5-6, 1809

Treaty of Schönbrunn (October 1809)

Russian Campaign (1812)

Battle of Borodino—September 7, 1812

War of the Fourth Coalition (1813-1814)

(Fourth Coalition=Great Britain, Russia, Austria, Prussia)

Battle of Dresden—August 26-27, 1813

Battle of Leipzig—October 16-19, 1813 (Battle of the Nations)

Treaty of Chaumont (March 1814)

Treaty of Paris (May 1814)

The Hundred Days (March 22, 1815—June 22, 1815)

Battle of Waterloo—June 18, 1815

Congress of Vienna

*met between September 1814 to November 1815*

Quadruple Alliance

Holy Alliance

Klemens von Metternich (1773-1859) [Austria]

Robert Stewart “Viscount Castlereagh” (1769-1822) [Great Britain]

Alexander I (r. 1801-1825) [Russia]

Karl August von Hardenberg (1750-1822) [Prussia]

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand (1754-1838) [France]

ROMANTICISM

Terms

Sturm und Drang

Methodism

Literature

*Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) [German]

*Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805) [German]

Friedrich Schlegel (1767-1845) [German]

Jakob (1785-1863) and Wilhelm (1786-1859) Grimm [German]

Heinrich Heine (1797-1856) [German]

*William Blake (1757-1827) [English]

*William Wordsworth (1770-1850) [English]

*Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) [English]

*Lord Byron (George Gordon) (1788-1824) [English]

Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) [English]

John Keats (1795-1821) [English]

Alfred Lord Tennyson (1809-1892) [English]

Robert Browning (1812-1889) [English]

Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832) [Scottish]

Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850) [French]

Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870) [French]

Victor Hugo (1802-1885) [French]

Painting

Théodore Géricault (1791-1824) [French]

*Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863) [French]

*Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) [English]

*John Constable (1776-1837) [English]

*Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828) [Spanish]

Caspar David Friedrich (1774-1840) [German]

Music

*Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) [German]

Franz Schubert (1797-1828) [Austrian]

Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) [French]

*Frédéric Chopin (1810-1849) [Polish]

Franz Liszt (1811-1886) [Hungarian]

Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) [Italian]

Philosophy

*Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) [German]

*G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) [German]

Religion

*John Wesley (1703-1791) [English]

*Viscount François René de Chateaubriand (1768-1848) [French]

*Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834) [German]