Appendix Table 1. Study Characteristics
First author, year,country / Risk instrument(s) / Participant description / Number of participants / Sex / Age (range, mean(SD)) / Race/ethnicity / Osteoporosis prevalence / Sensitivity (95%CI)/Specificity (95%CI): risk instrument threshold; DXA reference site(s); DXA T-score threshold /
Adler, 2003, United States [11] / OSTa / Men in pulmonary and rheumatolo-gy clinics at a veterans hospital / 181(Total)
Subgroups:
124(White)
54(Black)
43(50–59yb)
39(60–69yb)
58(70–79yb)
17(>80 yb)
24(Current use steroid-Yes)
154(Current use steroid-No / 100% M / 32–87 yb, mean 64.3(12.3) / White – 68.5%
Black –30%
Other – 1.5% / 15.6% (FNc, THd, or LSe) / Overall: Subgroups:
93/66: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5 White– 95/60: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
82/74: 2; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5 Black– 83/80: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
75/80: 1; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5 Age 50–59 yb– 100/90: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
74/72: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.0 Age 60–69 yb– 100/68: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
69/82: 2; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.0 Age 70–79 yb– 91/38: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
62/89: 1; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.0 Age >80 yb– 100/22: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Current corticosteroid treatment (Yes)– 100/64: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Current corticosteroid treatment (No)– 88/67: 3; FNc, THd, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Anders 2006, United States [12] / 1.OSTa
2.ORAIg
3.ABONEh / Men and women for whom BMD data were available from the National Health and Nutrition Examina-tion Survey (NHANES) / OSTa female:
1880(White)
695(Black)
600 (Mexican-American)
OSTa male:
1723(White)
647(Black)
625 (Mexican-American)
ORAIg female:
1723(White)
652(Black)
539 (Mexican- American)
ABONEh:
1771(White)
644(Black)
554 (Mexican-American) / OSTa:51%F 49%M
ABO-NEh & ORAIg :100% F / ≥50 yb / Overall:
White – 58%
Black – 22%
Mexican-American – 20% / 8% / OSTa: OSTa (continued) ORAlg (continued)
Non-Hispanic white female Non-Hispanic black male Mexican-American female
95(93–97)/41(38–43): ≤–4; THd; ≤–2.5 100(100–100)/46(42–50): 3; THd; ≤–2.5 91(85–98)/34(29–38): ≥9; THd; ≤–2.5
95(93–97)/41(38–43): ≤–4; THd; ≤–2.0 93(83–100)/46(42–50): 3; THd; ≤–2.0 91(86–96)/38(33–42): ≥9; THd; ≤–2.0
81(79–84)/61(57–65): ≤–4; THd; ≤–1.0 87(81–94)/50(46–54): 3; THd; ≤–1.0 83(79–87)/50(43–57): ≥9; THd; ≤–1.0
Non-Hispanic black female Mexican-American male ABONEh:
96(92–100)/63(59–66): ≤–4; THd; ≤–2.5 100(100–100)/39(35–43): 3; THd; ≤–2.5 Non-Hispanic white female
88(81–94)/66(62–70): ≤–4; THd; ≤–2.0 100(100–100)/39(36–43): 3; THd; ≤–2.0 87(84–91)/53(50–56): ≥2; THd; ≤–2.5
67(61–72)/73(69–78): ≤–4; THd; ≤–1.0 96(92–99)/45(41–50): 3; THd; ≤–1.0 81(78–84)/59(56–62): ≥2; THd; ≤–2.0
Mexican-American female ORAlg: 69(67–72)/70(67–74): ≥2; THd; ≤–1.0
92(86–98)/47(43–51): ≤–4; THd; ≤–2.5 Non-Hispanic white female Non-Hispanic black female
88(83–93)/52(47–56): ≤–4; THd; ≤–2.0 97(95–99)/29(27–32): ≥9; THd; ≤–2.5 78(67–90)/61(57–65): ≥2; THd; ≤–2.5
75(71–80)/65(59–71): ≤–4; THd; ≤–1.0 95(93–97)/35(32–37): ≥9; THd; ≤–2.0 77(69–86)/64(60–68): ≥2; THd; ≤–2.0
Non-Hispanic white male 88(87–90)/48(44–52): ≥9; THd; ≤–1.0 64(58–70)/71(67–76): ≥2; THd; ≤–1.0
97(94–100)/41(39–44): 3; THd; ≤–2.5 Non-Hispanic black female Mexican-American female
95(92–98)/43(41–46): 3; THd; ≤–2.0 98(95–100)/44(40–48): ≥9; THd; ≤–2.5 79(71–88)/55(50–59): ≥2; THd; ≤–2.5
85(81–88)/49(46–52): 3; THd; ≤–1.0 96(92–100)/47(43–51): ≥9; THd; ≤–2.0 74(67–81)/58(53–63): ≥2; THd; ≤–2.0
82(78–87)/55(50–59): ≥9; THd; ≤–1.0 65(60–71)/71(66–77): ≥2; THd; ≤–1.0
Anders, 2006, United States [13] / OSTa / Men aged 50-90y in3rd NHANES whocomple-ted surveys DXA / 2995(Total)
Subgroups:
1723(White)
647(Black)
625 (Mexican-American) / 100% M / 50–90 yb / White– 57%
Black22%
Mexican-American-21% / NRf / Non-Hispanic white Non-Hispanic black Mexican-American
87(82–92)/62(60–64): –1; THd; ≤–2.0 86(73–99)/66(62–70): –1; THd; ≤–2.0 90(78–100)/65(61–69): –1; THd; ≤–2.0
95(92–98)/43(41–46): 3; THd; ≤–2.0 93(83–100)/46(42–50): 3; THd; ≤–2.0 100(100–100)/39(36–43): 3; THd; ≤–2.0
Ben Sedrine, 2004, Belgium [14] / 1.INAMIi Test
2.Agej
3.BMIk / Caucasian women aged ≥50 yb recruited consecutive-ly from an outpatient university center / 3748 / 100% F / ≥50 yb; range 50–96 yb, mean 62.9(8) / Caucasian / 34.6% (FNc, THd, or LSe)
20.3% (FNc)
10.3% (THd)
25.8% (LSe) / INAMIi test: INAMIi test (continued):
Group 1– 75.6/47.9: ≥1 condition; THd; ≤–2.5 Group 1– 68.4/50.4: ≥1; LSe; ≤–2.5
Group 2– 11.1/ 95.4: ≥1 condition; THd; ≤–2.5 Group 2– 7.1/95.4: ≥1; LSe; ≤–2.5
Group 1 or Group 2– 77.4/46.0: ≥1 condition; THd; ≤–2.5 Group 1 or Group 2– 70.8/48.6: ≥1; LSe; ≤–2.5
Group 1– 70.4/49.5: ≥1; FNc; ≤–2.5 Group 1– 67.4/52.4: ≥1; THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Group 2– 8.8/ 95.7: ≥1; FNc; ≤–2.5 Group 2– 7.3/95.9: ≥1; THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Group 1 or Group 2– 72.5/47.7: ≥1; FNc; ≤–2.5 Group 1 or Group 2– 69.8/50.7: ≥1; THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Agej: 67.33/48.53: 61 yb; THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
BMIk: 64.53/53.93: 24 kgl/m2m; THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
Ben Sedrine, 2001, Belgium [15] / SCOREn / Consecutive postmeno-pausal women aged ≥45 yb having BMD measured at outpatient osteoporosis center / 4035(Total)
Subgroups:
1496(Age ≥ 65 yb)
2539(Age < 65 yb) / 100% F / >45 yb; mean 61.5(8.8) / White / 32% (FNc, THd, or LSe)
18.5% (FNc)
9.5% (THd)
24.3% (LSe)
/ Overall: Overall (continued):
93.2/25.9: 6; THd; ≤–1.0 97.7/20.1: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–2.0
81.7/45.7: 8; THd; ≤–1.0 91.4/37.9: 8; All Sites: THd FNc, and LSe; ≤–2.0
97.4/21.1: 6; THd; ≤–2.0 98.0/19.0: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–2.5
90.2/39.4: 8; THd; ≤–2.0 93.5/36.2: 8; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–2.5
98.2/19.7: 6; THd; ≤–2.5 Subgroups:
93.7/37.3: 8; THd; ≤–2.5 Women ≥65 yb
91.4/28.3: 6; FNc; ≤–1.0 98.9/6.8: 6; THd; ≤–1.0
78.7/48.9: 8; FNc; ≤–1.0 100.0/4.4: 6; THd; ≤–2.5
95.9/23.8: 6; FNc; ≤–2.0 97.8/6.9: 6; FNc; ≤–1.0
85.7/42.7: 8; FNc; ≤–2.0 99.8/5.1: 6; FNc; ≤–2.5
96.9/21.4: 6; FNc; ≤–2.5 97.8/7.3: 6; LSe; ≤–1.0
88.4/39.5: 8; FNc; ≤–2.5 98.7/4.7: 6; LSc; ≤–2.5
87.2/27.2: 6; LSe; ≤–1.0 98.1/6.2: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–1.0
72.1/46.0: 8; LSe; ≤–1.0 100.0/4.5: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–2.5
90.6/23.2: 6; LSe; ≤–2.0 97.6/10.0: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–1.0
77.4/41.6: 8; LSe; ≤–2.0 98.9/5.7: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
93.5/21.7: 6; LSe; ≤–2.5 99.1/5.9: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–1.0
81.0/39.3: 8; LSe; ≤–2.5 100.0/4.1: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–2.5
91.7/26.6: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–1.0 Women <65 yb
78.7/46.0: 8; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–1.0 87.8/33.5: 6; THd; ≤–1.0
96.3/22.0: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–2.0 95.3/27.7: 6; THd; ≤–2.5
86.2/40.2: 8; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–2.0 85.4/35.4: 6; FNc; ≤–1.0
98.1/20.1: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–2.5 92.9/29.1: 6; FNc; ≤–2.5
89.6/37.6: 8; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–2.5 79.9/35.9: 6; LSe; ≤–1.0
87.1/31.7: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–1.0 88.9/30.3: 6; LSe; ≤–2.5
72.5/52.9: 8; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–1.0 86.2/34.7: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–1.0
91.5/26.5: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.0 95.5/28.3: 6; (THd or FNc) and LSe; ≤–2.5
78.7/46.1: 8; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.0 79.4/38.2: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–1.0
93.9/23.7: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5 89.0/31.7: 6; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5
82.4/42.4: 8; Any Site: THd, FNc, or LSe; ≤–2.5 89.8/32.7: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–1.0
94.3/24.3: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–1.0 94.8/27.2: 6; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–2.5
82.8/43.2: 8; All Sites: THd, FNc, and LSe; ≤–1.0
Brand, 2008, Australia [16] / 1.SCOREn
2.ORAIg
3.ABONEh
4.BWCp
5.OSTa
6.SOFSURFq
7.NOF guidelinesr
8.Amsterdam
9.Modified Amsterdamt / Ambulatory postmeno-pausal women age > 45 yb with rheumatoid arthritis / 127 / 100% F / Interquartile range 56–71 yb; median 62 / Caucasian – 98% / 19.4% / SCOREn– 100(82–100)/10(5–17): ≥6; FNc; ≤–2.5
ORAIg– 72(47–90)/50(40–60): ≥9; FNc; ≤–2.5
ABONEh– 56(31–79)/84(75–90): ≥2; FNc; ≤–2.5
BWCp– 72(47–90)/53(43–63): <70 kgl, FNc, ≤–2.5
OSTa– 78(52–94)/51(41–61): <2, FNc, ≤–2.5
SOFSURFq– 89(65–99)/34(25–44): ≥1; FNc; ≤–2.5
NOFr– 94(73–100)/46(36–56): ≥1; FNc; ≤–2.5
Amsterdams– 100(82–100)/7(3–14): ≥2; FNc; ≤–2.5
Modified Amsterdamt– 78(52–94)/44(34–54): ≥3; FNc; ≤–2.5
Brenneman, 2003, United States [17] / 1.SCOREn
2.SOF-based toolu / Women ³ 60y without known osteoporosis / 416 / 100% F / 60–79 yb, mean 69.3(5.5) / Caucasian – 93.5% / 30.3% / SCOREn– 93.7(88.3–99.1)/23.8(9.6–38.0); ≥7; Proximal Femur, THd or LSe; ≤–2.5
SOF-basedu– 32.6(26.6–38.6)/76.0(63.5–88.6): ≥5; Proximal Femur, THd or LSe; ≤–2.5
Cadarette, 2001, Canada
[18] / 1.NOF guidelinesr
2.SCOREn
3.ORAIg
4.ABONEh
5.Weight criterionv / Menopausal women aged ³ 45 yb with FNc DXA data enrolled in Canadian Multicentre Osteoporo-sis Study (CAMOS) / 2365 / 100% F / ≥45 yb; mean 66.4(8.8) / White – 96.6%
Asian – 1.8%
Black – 0.3%
Other –1.3% / 10% (FNc) / NOFr: ORAIg (continued):
87.9(86.3–89.4)/25.6(22.4–28.7): ≥1; FNc; <–1.0 97.5(95.5–99.5)/27.8(25.9–29.7): ≥9; FNc; ≤–2.5
93.7(91.8–95.6)/19.8(17.9–21.7): ≥1; FNc; <–2.0 ABONEh:
96.2(93.8–98.6)/17.8(16.2–19.4): ≥1; FNc; ≤–2.5 64.4(62.1–66.8)/64.2(60.8–67.6): ≥2; FNc; <–1.0
SCOREn: 79.1(75.9–82.3)/52.7(50.3–55.0): ≥2; FNc; <–2.0
90.6(89.2–92.0)/30.8(27.5–34.1): ≥6; FNc; <–1.0 83.3(78.5–88.0)/47.7(45.6–49.8): ≥2; FNc; ≤–2.5
97.5(96.3–98.8)/20.8(18.9–22.7): ≥6; FNc; <–2.0 Weight criterionv:
99.6(98.8–100)/17.9(16.2–19.5): ≥6; FNc; ≤–2.5 64.1(61.7–66.4)/61.9(58.4–65.4): <70 kgl; FNc; <–1.0
ORAIg: 79.6(76.4–82.8)/52.2(49.9–54.5): <70 kgl; FNc; <–2.0
83.2(81.4–85.0)/43.7(40.2–47.3): ≥9; FNc; <–1.0 87.0(82.8–91.3)/47.6(45.5–49.7): <70 kgl; FNc; ≤–2.5
94.2(92.3–96.1)/31.9(29.7–34.1): ≥9; FNc; <–2.0
Cadarette, 2004, Canada
[19] / 1.ORAIg
2.OST chartw
3.OST a
4.BWCp / Women ³ 45 yb old w/ baseline DXAresults / 644 / 100% F / 45–90 yb, mean 62.4(11.2) / NRf / 16.5% (FNc or LSe) / ORAIg– 92.5(85.7–96.7)/38.7(34.5–42.9): >8; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.5
OST chartw– 91.5(84.5–96.0)/45.7(41.5–50.0): <2; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.5
OSTa– 95.3(89.3–98.5)/39.6(35.4–43.9): <2; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.5
BWCp– 93.4(86.9–97.3)/34.6(30.6–38.8): <70 kgl; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.5
Cadarette, 1999, Canada [20] / 1.SCOREn
2.Weight criterionv / Postmeno-pausal women at least 45 yb of age residing within 50 km of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (one of 9 centers of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study) / Total:
398(FNc or LSe)
397(FNc)
396(LSe)
Subgroups:
345(White women only)
387(Women ≥50 yb of age)
335(White women ≥50 yb of age) / 100% F / ≥45 yb; mean 64.5(8.7) / White –86.7%
Chinese – 8.3%
Black –2.3%
Other/Missing – 2.8% / T-score ≤–2.0 –
49.6 (FNc)
34.1 (LSe)
57.5% (FNc or LSe)
26.1% (FNc and LSe) / SCORE – overall: SCORE – overall (continued):
22.3(16.9–27.7)/98.2(96.2–100.2): 15; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 77.0(69.9–84.1)/41.0(35.0–47.0): 8; LSe; ≤–2.0
28.8(23.0–34.7)/93.5(89.8–97.2): 14; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 84.4(78.3–90.6)/31.4(25.8–37.0): 7; LSe; ≤–2.0
34.1(27.9–40.2)/89.3(84.7–94.0): 13; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 93.3 (89.1–97.5)/25.7(20.4–31.0): 6; LSe; ≤–2.0
41.9(35.5–48.3)/82.8(77.2–88.5): 12; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 95.6(92.1–99.0)/19.2(14.4–23.9): 5; LSe; ≤–2.0
50.2(43.7–56.7)/79.3(73.2–85.4): 11; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 SCORE – subgroups:
59.0(52.6–65.3)/69.8(62.9–76.7): 10; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 White women
69.4(63.5–75.4)/59.8(52.4–67.2): 9; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 61.3(54.3–68.2)/70.1(62.9–77.4): 10; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
77.3(71.9–82.7)/51.5(43.9–59.0): 8; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 71.2(64.8–77.6)/59.7(52.0–67.5): 9; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
83.8(79.1–88.6)/39.6(32.3–47.0): 7; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 79.1(73.3–84.8)/51.3(43.4–59.2): 8; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
90.0(86.1–93.8)/32.0(24.9–39.0): 6; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 84.8(79.7–89.9)/39.0(31.3–46.7): 7; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
93.4(90.2–96.7)/24.9(18.3–31.4): 5; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0 91.1(87.1–95.1)/31.8(24.5–39.2): 6; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
23.9(17.9–29.8)/96.5(94.0–99.0): 15; FNc; ≤–2.0 94.8(91.6–97.9)/24.0(17.3–30.8): 5; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
31.0(24.5–37.4)/92.0(88.2–95.8): 14; FNc; ≤–2.0 Women ≥50 yb of age
37.1(30.3–43.8)/88.5(84.1–92.9): 13; FNc; ≤–2.0 59.7(53.3–66.1)/68.3(61.1–75.5): 10; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
44.7(37.7–51.6)/82.0(76.7–87.3): 12; FNc; ≤–2.0 70.4(64.4–76.3)/57.8(50.1–65.4): 9; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
53.3(46.3–60.3)/78.0(72.3–83.7): 11; FNc; ≤–2.0 78.3(72.9–83.7)/49.1(41.3–56.8): 8; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
62.4(55.7–69.2)/69.0(62.6–75.4): 10; FNc; ≤–2.0 85.0(80.3–89.6)/36.6(29.2–44.1): 7; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
73.6(67.4–79.8)/59.5(52.7–66.3): 9; FNc; ≤–2.0 91.2(87.4–94.9)/28.6(21.6–35.5): 6; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
81.2(75.8–86.7)/51.0(44.1–57.9): 8; FNc; ≤–2.0 94.2(91.2–97.3)/21.7(15.4–28.1): 5; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
87.3(82.7–92.0)/39.5(32.7–46.3): 7; FNc; ≤–2.0 White women ≥50 yb of age
90.4(86.2–94.5)/29.0(22.7–35.3): 6; FNc; ≤–2.0 62.2(55.3–69.2)/68.7(61.2–76.2): 10; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
93.9(90.6–97.2)/22.5(16.7–28.3): 5; FNc; ≤–2.0 72.3(65.9–78.7)/57.8(49.8–65.8): 9; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
26.7(19.2–34.1)/93.1(90.0–96.2): 15; LSe; ≤–2.0 80.3(74.6–86.0)/49.0(40.9–57.1): 8; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
34.1(26.1–42.1)/88.1(84.2–92.0): 14; LSe; ≤–2.0 86.2(81.2–91.1)/36.1(28.3–43.8): 7; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
37.8(29.6–46.0)/83.1(78.6–87.7): 13; LSe; ≤–2.0 92.6(88.8–96.3)/28.6(21.3–35.9): 6; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
46.7(38.3–55.1)/76.6(71.5–81.8): 12; LSe; ≤–2.0 95.7(92.9–98.6)/21.1(14.5–27.7): 5; FNc or LSe; ≤–2.0
54.1(45.7–62.5)/70.9(65.4–76.4): 11; LSe; ≤–2.0 Weight criterionv:
61.5(53.3–69.7)/60.9(55.0–66.8): 10; LSe; ≤–2.0 72.0(66.2-77.9)/58.0(50.5-65.4);<70kgl;FNcorLSe; ≤-2.0
69.6(61.9–77.4)/49.4(43.4–55.5): 9; LSe; ≤–2.0 78.0(71.6-84.7)/52.0(45.8-58.3):<70kgl;FNcorLSe; ≤-2.5
Cass, 2013, United States [21] / MORESx / Men who came from university-based primary care outpatient clinics / 346 / 100% M / ≥60 yb, mean 70.2(6.9) / NonHispa-nicWhite- 76.0% African-American 11.8%;
Hispanic
10.7%
Other1.4% / 4.3% (FN or TH) / 80(52–96)/70(64–74): ≥6; THd; ≤−2.5
Cass, 2006, United States [22] / 1.ORAIg
2.SCOREn / Postmeno-pausal women from a family med-icine clinic / 203(Total)
Subgroups:
59(White)
56(Hispanic)
88(African-American) / 100% F / Overall:
≥45yb; mean 60.2(9.6) / African-American – 43%
White29%
Hispanic – 28% / 11% (THd or LSe) / ORAIg: SCOREn:
Overall– 68(49–88)/66(59–73): ≥9; THd or LSe; ≤–2.5 Overall– 54(34–75)/72(65–78): ≥6; THd or LSe; ≤–2.5
Subgroups: Subgroups:
White– 60(4–94)/72(57–81): ≥9; THd or LSe; ≤–2.5 White– 80(27–98)/63(50–76): ≥6; THd or LSe; ≤–2.5
Hispanic– 86(47–99)/59(44–72): ≥9; THd or LSe; ≤–2.5 Hispanic– 71(29–96)/49(35–63): ≥6; THd or LSe; ≤–2.5
African-American–60(34–91)/67(55–76):≥9;THdorLSe;≤–2.5 African-American–30(0–56)/92(86–98):≥6;THdorLSe;≤–2.5
Chan, 2003, Malaysia [23] / OSTAy / Postmeno-pausal women / 505 / 100% F / ≥50 yb (99%) / Malaysian / NRf / 85/50: ≤–1; FNc; ≤–2.5
Chan, 2006, Singapore [24] / 1.SCOREn
2.ORAIg
3.ABONEh
4.Weightz
5.OSTAy / Chinese postmenopausal women ³ 55ybold in Singapore / 135 / 100% F / 56.9–80.1 yb, mean 68.4(5.5) / Chinese / 24.4% (FNc)
27.4% (LSe) / SCOREn: Weightz: ABONEh ORAIg: OSTAy:
100.0/30.4:≥6;FN;≤-2.5 97.0/18.6:≤70kg;FN;≤-2.5 100.0/16.7:≥2;FN;≤-2.5 100.0/9.8:≥9;FN;≤-2.5 97.0/43.1:≤-1;FN;≤-2.5
93.9/60.8:≥8;FN;≤-2.5 69.7/77.5:≤54kg;FN;≤-2.5 81.8/55.9:≥3;FN;≤-2.5 75.8/66.7:≥20;FN;≤-2.5 90.9/58.8:≤-2;FN;≤-2.5
86.5/60.2:≥8;LS;≤-2.5 62.2/76.5:≤54kg;LS;≤-2.5 73.0/54.1:≥3;LS;≤-2.5 62.0/62.0:≥16;LS;≤-2.5 91.9/42.9:≤-1;LS;≤-2.5
Chang, 2013, Taiwan [25]
/ 1. OSTa
2. Weightz
3. BMIk / Taiwanese women seen at a large-scale medical centre in Taiwan / 2454(Total)
Subgroups:
295(30–39 yb)
2159(40–49 yb)
1818(Normal BMI)
457(Over-weight BMI)
179(Obese BMI) / 100% F / 30–49 yb, mean 45.12(4.11) / Taiwanese / 4.1% / Weightz: BMIk (continued) Subgroups:
Overall– 70.0/65.1: 52.2 kgl; FNc; ≤−2.5 Age 30–39 yb– 81.3/54.5: 21.1 kgl/m2m; FNc; ≤−2.5
Subgroups: Age 40–49 yb– 57.1/64.4: 21.3 kgl/m2m; FNc; ≤−2.5
Age 30–39 yb– 81.3/62.4; 52.5 kgl; FNc; ≤−2.5
Age 40–49 yb– 60.7/65.5: 52.2 kgl; FNc; ≤–2.5 OSTa:
Normal BMI– 64.7/52.8: 52.2 kgl; FNc; ≤−2.5 Overall– 76.0/49.0: 2.00; FNc; ≤−2.5
Overweight BMI– 75.9/69.2: 59.3 kgl; FNc; ≤−2.5 Subgroups: