AMERICAN Physical Education History Time Capsule

AMERICAN Physical Education History Time Capsule

Four Distinct Periods

Colonial Period

Late 19th Century

Transitional Period (1900-1917)

Acceptance (1917-1930)

Pre - 1800

COLONIAL PERIOD 1607 – 1783

Conditions not conducive to organized physical education

Late 1700’s, Early 1800’s

- Phys. Education had a military flavor

1823 ______“Turnverein”concepts introduced to the U.S.

Turnverein –

German System used heavy gymnastics “violent and exhausting in nature”

Charles Beck 1798 -1866

Friend and follower of Jahn

Was hired to teach Latin and Physical Education in the form of German gymnastics

Became the first official ______in America

German Turnverein

Catherine Beecher

1852 founded the ______Assoc.

1856 - Women’s physical training – Published a manual of physiology and calisthenics

Light exercises for health and beauty

The Battle for System Dominance !!!

German System –

Swedish System –

Beecher System –

Hitchcock System –

Sargent System –

1885!!! Nov. 27th – Adelphi Conference

Dr. DudleyAllen Sargent (1849-1924)

Muscular Christianity

Puritan ethic was a prominent influence on how PEd was viewed.

Conflict between religion and the body

MC – a philosophy that made exercise and fitness compatible with the tenets of the faith.

Into the 1900’s

Organized Physical Education of the Early 20th Century

Physical ______and Physical ______gave way to Physical Education in the early 1900’s

Movement to mandate PED in public schools. Many fought this.

John Dewey and the Progressive Education Movement

Main Premise of the PEM – Emphasized teaching

Teach the “whole child”.

Focuses on the ______

Activity lies at the root of all education

1900’s & SPORT

Biggest influence of the 1900’s was ______!

Now many programs began to include Basketball, Football, Baseball, Field Hockey, Swimming, Racket Sports, and some “Outing Activities”.

Organized Physical Education of the Late 20th Century

Recreation, sport and fitness still the main focus.

Concerns that not all students needs being met.

Developed dance further, introduced alternative education.

Fitness boomed with running, aerobics (Cooper), and rope jumping.

______

Worked with NASA to help create the conditioning program preparing America's astronauts for space

Developed the 12-minute and 1.5-mile fitness tests and the Aerobics Point System

Publication of Aerobics in 1960’s

Disease prevention through aerobic exercise

Antioxidants

Cooper Institute

Into the 21st Century

De-emphasis of ______

Reemphasis on teaching the child as a whole

______movement

Re-integration of Health and PED

Traditional games questioned

Alternative Activities.