Vocabulary Definitions:

Alveoli: air sacs clustered at the tips of the tiniest bronchioles.

Bohr shift: a lowering of the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, caused by a drop in pH. Facilitates the release of oxygen from hemoglobin in the vicinity of active tissues.

Breathing: the alternating inhalation and exhalation of air.

Bronchi: a pair of breathing tubes that branch from the trachea into the lungs

Bronchioles: a fine branch of the bronchi that transports air to the alveoli.

Diaphragm: a sheet of skeletal muscle that forms the bottom wall of the thoracic cavity.

Gas exchange: the uptake of molecular O2 from the environment and the discharge of CO2 to the environment.

Intercostal Muscles: several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall.

Larynx: the upper part of the respiratory tract.

Lungs: localized respiratory organs.

Negative pressure breathing: a breathing system in which air is pulled into the lungs.

Partial pressure: the pressure exerted by a particular gas in a mixture of gases.

Residual volume: the air that remains after a forced exhalation.

Respiratory pigments: proteins that circulate through the blood or hemolymph and are often contained within specialized cells.

Surfactant: a substance secreted by the alveoli that decreases surface tension in the fluid that coats the alveoli.

Tidal volume: the volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath.

Trachea: windpipe

Type I Pneumocytes: Thin alveolar cells that are adapted to carry out gas exchange.

Type II Pneumocytes: Secrete a solution containing a surfactant that creates a moist surface inside the alveoli to prevent the sides of the alveolus adhering to each other by reducing surface tension.

Vital capacity: the tidal volume during maximal inhalation and exhalation.

Respiration Vocabulary List
Alveoli
Bohr shift
Breathing
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
Gas exchange
Intercostal muscles
Larynx
Lungs / Negative pressure breathing
Partial pressure
Residual volume
Respiratory pigments
Surfactant
Tidal volume
Trachea
Type I Pneumocytes
Type II Pneumocytes
Vital capacity
Respiration Vocabulary List
Alveoli
Bohr shift
Breathing
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
Gas exchange
Intercostal muscles
Larynx
Lungs / Negative pressure breathing
Partial pressure
Residual volume
Respiratory pigments
Surfactant
Tidal volume
Trachea
Type I Pneumocytes
Type II Pneumocytes
Vital capacity
Respiration Vocabulary List
Alveoli
Bohr shift
Breathing
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
Gas exchange
Intercostal muscles
Larynx
Lungs / Negative pressure breathing
Partial pressure
Residual volume
Respiratory pigments
Surfactant
Tidal volume
Trachea
Type I Pneumocytes
Type II Pneumocytes
Vital capacity