CONDITIONALS
ALL conditionals have two clauses: CONDITION (IF CLAUSE) + RESULT
If the condition goes FIRST, we need to separate the two clauses with a COMMA.
If the result goes FIRST, we DO NOT separate the two clauses with a COMMA.
- You have the examples of both structures in the ZERO conditional. They work for ALL conditionals.
ZERO: GENERAL TRUTHS OR FACTS (verdades generales o hechos)
If + subject + PRESENT SIMPLE + , + subject + PRESENT SIMPLE (CONDITION + RESULT)
BUT: SUBJECT + PRESENT SIMPLE + IF + SUBJECT + PRESENT SIMPLE (RESULT + CONDITION)
-If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils
-Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees.
CAN YOU TRY TO MAKE THIS SENTENCE WITH “WHEN” AND WITH “UNLESS”?
*IF can be substituted by “WHEN” or “UNLESS (a menos que, si no)”
1ST: FUTURE POSSIBILITY
If + subject + PRESENT SIMPLE + , + subject + WILL (or modal verb) + INFINITIVE (CONDITION + RESULT)
- If it rains tomorrow, we’ll go to the cinema.
CAN YOU MAKE THIS SENTENCE THE OTHER WAY AROUND?
CAN YOU TRY TO MAKE IT WITH ANOTHER MODAL VERB?
CAN YOU TRY TO MAKE IT WITH “UNLESS”?
*IF can be substituted by “UNLESS”
2ND: IMAGINARY OR HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS
If + subject + PAST SIMPLE + , + subject + WOULD (or modal verb) + INFINITIVE (CONDITION + RESULT)
-If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
CAN YOU MAKE THIS SENTENCE THE OTHER WAY AROUND?
CAN YOU TRY TO MAKE IT WITH ANOTHER MODAL VERB?
CAN YOU TRY TO MAKE IT WITH “UNLESS”?
*IF can be substituted by “UNLESS”
3RD: IMPOSSIBLE OR UNFINISHED SITUATION IN THE PAST
If + subject + PAST PERFECT + , + subject + WOULD HAVE/COULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (3RD COLUMN) (CONDITION + RESULT)
- If I had woken up early, I would have had time for breakfast.
CAN YOU MAKE THIS SENTENCE THE OTHER WAY AROUND?
*MIXED: we use this type of conditional to express something that DIDN’T HAPPEN in the PAST (unreal) and its possible consequences in the PRESENT (if it had happened).
If + subject + PAST SIMPLE or PAST PERFECT + , + WOULD/COULD + INFINITIVE
-If I had worked hard at school, I would have a better job now.
(I didn’t work hard at school, so I don’t have a better job now)
WITH A LITTLE HELP FROM MY FRIENDS (WILL/WOULD)
IF I COULD TURN BACK TIME
BON JOVI – I’LL BE THERE FOR YOU
JACKSON 5’S – I’LL BE THERE
WITH A LITTLE HELP FROM MY FRIENDS (13 GAPS)
What ______(1) you think if I ______(2)out of tune
Would you stand up and walk out on me?
Lend me your ears and I'll ______(3)you a song
And I______(4) try not to sing out of key
Oh I get by with a little help from my friends
Mm I get high with a little help from my friends
Mm gonna try with a little help from my friends
What do I do ______(5)my love is away?
(Does it worry you to be alone?)
How do I ______(6)by the end of the day?
(Are you sad because you're on your own?)
No I get by with a little help from my friends
Mm I get high with a little help from my friends
Mm gonna try with a little help from my friends
(Do you need anybody?)
I need somebody to ______(7)
(Could it be anybody?)
I want somebody to ______(8)
(______(9)you believe in a love at first sight?)
Yes I'm certain that it happens all the ______(10)
(What do you see when you turn out the light?)
I ______(11)tell you, but I know it's mine
Oh I get by with a little help from my friends
Mm I get high with a little help from my friends
Oh I'm gonna try with a little help from my friends
(Do you need anybody?)
I just need someone to ______(12)
(Could it be anybody?)
I want somebody to ______(13)
Oh I get by with a little help from my friends
Mm gonna try with a little help from my friends
Oh I get high with a little help from my friends
Yes I get by with a little help from my friends
With a little help from my friends
- WOULD
- SANG
- SING
- ‘LL
- WHEN
- FEEL
- 8. LOVE (12, 13)
- WOULD
- TIME
- CAN’T