AmericanGrassfedAssociation
GrassfedGrassPasturedRuminantStandards
June 2014
1Introduction
TheAmericanGrassfedAssociation(AGA)standardsareintendedtoincorporatetheattributesofopenpasture,animalwelfare,noantibiotics,nohormones,theproductionofnutritiousandhealthymeats,andtobesupportiveofAmericanfamilyfarms. ThestandardfurtherrecognizesthattheUSisgeographicallyandclimaticallydiverseandthatgrassfedproductionwithoutanysupplementationmaynotbefeasibleinsomeregionsofthecountry. IndevelopingagrasspasturedstandardtheAGAbringstogetherfarmswhosharetheattributesstatedabovebutmaydifferintheirapproachorneedforsupplementalfeedonpasture.
ThesestandardsapplytoallfarmsandranchesapprovedbytheAmericanGrassfedAssociation(AGA)fortheproductionofmarketanimalsandproductsdestinedforcertificationbyAGA. OnlyfarmsandranchescertifiedasfollowingthesestandardsmayuseAGA’sAmericanGrassfedAssociationlogos,Associationtrademarks,servicemarks,and/ordesignmarkshereafterreferredtoasAGADesignMark.
2Certification
2.1StatementofPurpose;Applicability
TheAmericanGrassfedAssociation(AGA)familyoflogosanddesignmarkswasdevelopedbytheAmericanGrassfedAssociationandtrademarkedtoidentifyfoodandagricultureproducts,whichmeetthestandardsassetforthintheAGAGrassfedandGrassPasturedRuminantStandardsandcertifiedthroughaprogramapprovedbytheAGA. ThelogosanddesignmarkshavebeentrademarkedbytheU.S.TrademarkandPatentofficeandmayonlybeusedbythosewhohaveanapprovedsignedlicenseagreementwiththeAmericanGrassfedAssociation.TheAmericanGrassfedAssociationlogosanddesignmarkswereestablishedtoprovideamarketingprogramthataddsvaluetofoodandagriculturalproductsthatmeettherequirementssetbytheAGAmembershipandtheBoardofDirectors. TherequirementsoftheAGAGrassfedandGrassPasturedRuminantStandardsaresetbytheAmericanGrassfedAssociationmembersanditsBoardofDirectorsandmaybeamendedfromtimetotime.
2.2StatementofUse
TheAmericanGrassfedAssociationtrademark,servicemark,and/ordesignmarkmaybeusedonproductpackagingandpromotionalmaterials,includingbrochures,salesliterature,advertising,banners,Websites,pointofpurchasematerial,etc. Whenused,thelogosmustcomplywiththefollowingguidelines. Ifacompanywishestousethelogosinamannerotherthandescribedintheseguidelines,itmustrequestandreceivepermissioninwritingfromtheAmericanGrassfedAssociation.
i.AlicenseemaydisplaytheAGADesignMark,whichisaregisteredcertificationmark,ontheproductslicensed.
ii.LicenseemusthaveanapprovedsignedlicenseagreementwiththeAmericanGrassfedAssociationtousethetrademark,servicemark,and/ordesignmarkonanyproducts.
iii.Licenseemayusethetrademark,servicemarkand/ordesignmarkoncompanystationery,promotionalliteratureandwebsitesonlyifAGAcertifieslicensee’sentirelivestockproductrange. Licenseemayonlyusetheservice/designmarkassociatedwithitsauditedproduct,grassfedorgrasspastured.
2.3ProductRequirements
Theserequirementsareforraw,processed,andnon-processedruminantproductsproducedusingtheproductionrequirementssetforthintheAGAGrassfedandGrassPasturedRuminantStandardsandcertifiedbysuchagencyassetbytheAGAboardofdirectors.
2.4UseoftheAmericanGrassfedAssociationDesignMark
2.4.1
ApplicantsmustcertifyontheapplicationthatallapplicableAGAGrassfedandGrassPasturedRuminantStandardsaremet.
2.4.2
ApplicantsmustbecurrentmembersoftheAmericanGrassfedAssociationwithallduesandfeespaidwhileusingtheAGAdesignmark.
2.4.3
Applicant’sfarmorranchwillbeauditedbytheAGAorit’sapprovedcertifyingagency(s)todetermineeligibilitytousetheAGAdesignmark.
2.4.4
TheAGAwilldeterminewhichofitsstandards,grassfedorgrasspastured,appliestotheapplicant’sfarm/ranchandwhichAGAdesignmarktheapplicantwillbelicensedtouse.
2.4.5
TheAGAoritsapprovedcertifyingagency(s)maymakeunannouncedsitevisitstoapplicantfarmsorranchestoverifythatallAGAGrassfedandGrassPasturedRuminantStandardsaremet.
2.4.6
Exceptasotherwiseprovidedinthissection,allrequirementsformembershipintheAmericanGrassfedAssociationshallapplytoentitiesandindividualscertifiedunderthissection.
2.5AmericanGrassfedDesignMark
2.5.1
TheAGADesignMarkmustbereproducedfromoriginalartwork. PleasecontactAGAforacopyoftheDesignMark.
2.5.2
Grassfed Logo
• Complete and upright
•In one color
Grass Pastured Logo
•Clearly visible
•At least ½ inch in diameter
•Clear and legible over the whole of a background
•On the main face of the label or packaging
2.5.3
AnyuseoftheselogoswhichisdeemedamisrepresentationoftheintendedusebytheAmericanGrassfedAssociationmayresultinthesuspensionofthelicenseagreementand/orprosecution.
2.6Fees
ApplicantsshallsubmitanannualfeeassetbytheAmericanGrassfedAssociationboardofdirectors. AperheadfeewillalsobeassessedbytheboardforeveryanimalmarketedusingtheAGAdesignmarkand/oreverydairyanimalinproduction.
3GrassfedandGrassPasturedStandards
3.1ForageProtocol
3.1.1
Alllivestockproductionmustbepasture/grass/foragebased.
3.1.2
Grassandforage,shallbethefeedsourceconsumedforthelifetimeoftheruminantanimal,withtheexceptionofmilkconsumedpriortoweaning. Thedietshallbederivedsolelyfromforageconsistingofgrass(annualandperennial),forbs(e.g.legumes,Brassicas),browse,orcerealgraincropsinthevegetative(pre-grain)state.
3.1.3
Approvedsupplementsmaybefedasoutlinedinsection3.3.
3.1.4
Animalscannotbefedgrain.
3.1.5
Animalsmusthavecontinuousaccesstopastureandforageappropriatetothespecies.
3.1.6
Forageisdefinedasanyherbaceousplantmaterialthatcanbegrazedorharvestedforfeeding,withtheexceptionofgrain.
3.2Grazing,ConfinementandStockPiledForages
3.2.1
AllAGAgrassfed,grasspastured,anddairyanimalsmustbemaintainedatalltimesonrange,pasture,orinpaddockswithatleast75%foragecoverorunbrokengroundfortheirentirelives.
Note:Theprovisionsofthisstandarddonotprecludecommonlyusedgrazingpracticessuchashigh-density/low-frequencyorstripgrazing,whenlargenumbersofanimalsmaygrazegrowingforagesinsmallpaddocksforshortperiodsoftime.
3.2.2
FeedingAGAanimalsinaConcentratedAnimalFeedingOperation(CAFO)isprohibited.
3.2.3
AGAanimalsanddairyanimalsmayonlyberemovedfrompastureasdefinedby3.2.1duringsevereweatheroremergenciesthatmaythreatenthesafetyandwell-beingoftheanimals.
Note:Thisdoesnotprecludecommonlyusedpracticessuchasroundups,sorting,weaning,andtransportation
3.2.4
IfAGAanimalsanddairyanimalsareremovedfrompastureand/orhousedunderconditionssetin
3.2.3theiraccesstopasturemustnotberestrictedformorethan45dayspercalendaryear.
3.2.5
Sacrificepasturesmaybeusedtoprotectsurroundingpasturesfromoveruseduringsevereweatherortimesofslowpasturere-growth(drought). Sacrificepastureisdefinedasapasturewhereanimalsarefreetomoveaboutandexpresstheirnaturalbehaviorsandwhereforagecanbegrownduringthegrowingseason.
3.2.6
AGAanimalsmaybefedhay,haylage,balage,silage without grain,forageproducts,cropresiduewithoutgrain,andotherroughagesourceswhileonpasture.
3.2.7
Dairycalvesmustreceivecolostrumwithin6hoursofbirthandhaveaccesstohighqualityforageandpastureafter7daysofage.
3.2.8
DairyanimalsthataretobemarketedasAGAcertifiedgrassfedbeefmustberaisedtoAGAstandards.
3.2.9
Approvedmineralandvitaminsupplementsmaybeprovidedfreechoicetoadjusttheanimal’snutrientintakeandtocorrectdeficienciesinitstotaldiet.
3.2.10
Incidentalconsumptionofseedsfromgrainorcerealgrainnaturallyattachedtoherbage,forage,andbrowseisonlypermittedinanun-harvestedcropthatcomplieswith3.2.11.
3.2.11
Deliberatelywaitinguntilgrainorcerealgraincrophassetseedbeforegrazingorharvestingforstoredforageisprohibited.
3.2.12
Grazingvegetativere-growthofharvestedgrainfieldsispermittedif75%ofthefieldisinvegetativere-growthandtheaverageheightofthere-growthis8”.
3.3Supplementation
3.3.1–Grassfed
AGAgrassfedanimalsmayonlybefedapprovedsupplementstoensuretheanimal’swell-beingduringperiodsoflowforagequalityorinclementweather. SeeAppendixBforapprovedgrassfed supplements.
3.3.2–Grassfed
Whentheconditionsof3.3.1aremet,AGAgrassfedanimalsmayreceivesupplementationofapprovedsupplementsnottoexceed0.625%ofbodyweightperday(25%totaldailyintake)and1%oflifetimeintakewhencalculatedonadrymatterbasis. SeeAppendixBfortotalintakeguidelines.
3.3.3–GrassfedDairy
AGAgrassfeddairyanimalsmaybefedapprovedgrasspasturedsupplementsatarateof0.5%ofbodyweight(20%ofdailyintake)duringthegrowthstageand0.75%ofbodyweight(30%ofdailyintake)duringlactation. Supplementlevelsarecalculatedonadrymatterbasis. SeeAppendixCforapprovedsupplements
3.3.4–GrassPastured
AGAgrasspasturedanimalsmaybefedapprovedsupplementsatarateof0.5%ofbodyweight(20%ofdailyintake)duringthegrowthstageforbeefanimalsand0.75%ofbodyweight(30%ofdailyintake)duringthefinishingstageforbeefanimalswhencalculatedonadrymatterbasis. SeeAppendixCforapprovedgrasspasturedsupplements.
Note:Forthepurposeofthisstandardthefinishingstageisdefinedasthelast200poundsgainedbeforeharvest.
3.3.5
SupplementsmustbeapprovedinadvancebyAGA’snutritionalsupplementscommitteeorbelistedintheApprovedSupplementsList:seeAppendixBforapprovedgrassfedsupplementsandAppendixCforapprovedgrasspasturedsupplements. Approvedsupplementsortotalsupplementrationsmaynotexceed30%Non-FibrousCarbohydrate(NFC).
Note:Supplementsthathaveanadverseeffectonthenutritionalqualityofthemeatormilkproducedorhavenegativehealthbenefitsontheanimalsfedwillnotbepermitted.
3.3.6
Receipts,ingredientlists,and/orteartagsmustberetainedfromanysupplementsprovided.
3.3.7
Arecordofwhatwasgiven,howmuchwasgiven,andwhenitwasgivenmustbekeptforanysupplementswhetherdeliberatelyprovidedortowhichtheAGAgrassfedruminantisinadvertentlyexposed. Ifinadvertentexposuretobannedfeedstuffsoccurstheincidentmustberecorded,andreportedatthetimeofthenextaudit.
3.3.8
Non-inadvertentfeedinganyofthebannedfeedstuffslistedinAppendixDtoAGAgrassfedgrasspasturedanimalsisprohibitedandcanresultinthelossofAGAcertifiedstatus.
3.5AnimalHealthandCare
3.5.1
Thisspaceintentionallyleftblank.
3.5.2
Theproducermustdevelopandmaintainawrittenrecordofallvaccines,medications,orothersubstancesusedinhis/heranimalhealthcareprogram.
3.5.3
AGAGrassfedRuminantanimalsmustnotbefedorinjectedwithantibiotics.
3.5.4
Sickorinjuredanimalsmustbetreatedtorelievetheirsymptoms.
3.5.5
Ifprohibitedmedicationsarerequiredfortreatment,theanimalmustbeidentifiedandtracked,andrecordsmustbekepttodemonstratethatitdoesnotentertheAGAGrassfedRuminantsystem.
Note:ProvidedtheidentificationandtrackingareadequatetheanimalmaystillbekeptwithotheranimalsthatdoqualifyforAGAGrassfedRuminantcertification.
3.5.6
Theproducermustkeeppurchaserecordsforanyantibiotics. Antibioticreceiptsandinjectionrecordsmustbeavailableondemandtothecertifyingagency.
3.5.7
NohormonesofanytypemaybeadministeredtoAGAgrassfedorgrasspasturedanimals.
3.5.8
Livestockproducedunderthesestandardsmustnotbefedanyanimalby-productsatanytime.
3.5.9
Noorganophosphatesmaybeused.
3.5.10
All cattle must have an overall body condition score (BCS) of 4 or higher.
3.6AnimalIdentificationandTrace-Back
3.6.1
AGAgrassfedandgrasspasturedanimalsmustbetraceablebywrittenrecordthroughouttheirentirelives,frombirthtoharvest,tothefarmorranchfromwhichtheyoriginated.
3.6.2
Eachproducermustdevelopandmaintainananimalidentificationsystemtoidentifyuniquelyeachanimalorbatchofanimals.
3.6.3
Completeanduptodaterecordsmustbemaintainedandspecificallyidentifyallanimalsraisedandpurchasedthataresold,harvested,orusedformilkproductionaspartoftheAGAgrassfedprogram.
3.6.4
Completeanduptodaterecordsmustbemaintainedtoshowthesourceofallpurchasedmarketanddairyanimalsbroughtontothefarmorranch.
3.6.5
MarketanimalsoneyearofageoryoungermaybebroughtintotheAGACertifiedGrassfed program from farms/ranches of AGA members in good standing byaffidavit and document that they were raised in accordance with AGA Grassfed or Grass Pastured Standards. AGA Grassfed Supplier Affidavit (Appendix A) must be used for all purchased animals.
3.6.6
Allsourced market animalsover one year of age, broughtinfromotherfarms/ranches,mustcomefromAGA cetified producers. AGAGrassfedSupplierAffidavit(AppendixA)mustbeusedforallpurchasedanimals
3.6.7
CompleteanduptodaterecordsmustbemaintainedforallAGAmarketanimalsdeliveredforharvestandalldairyanimalsusedformilkproduction.
3.6.8
Allrecordsaretobemaintainedforaminimumof24monthsaftertheanimalissoldorharvested.
3.6.9
AllrequiredrecordsmustbeinsufficientdetailastodemonstratecompliancewithAGAstandardstothecertifyingagency.
3.7ProgramRequirements
3.7.1
TheannuallicensingcostforAGACertifiedProducerMemberswillbesetbytheAGABoardofDirectorsatregularlyscheduledboardmeetingsandwillbesettocovertheadministrativecosttoAGA. On-farminspectioncostwillbebornebytheindividualmember.
4StandardsAmendmentProcedure
4.1AmendmentProcedure
4.1.1
TheAGArecognizesthatasnewresearchbecomesavailableongrassfedmeatandmilkproducts,changesmayberequiredtotheAGAcertificationprogramstandardsanddefinitions.Thefollowingprocedurewillbefollowedforreviewingandamendingstandardsanddefinitions.
4.1.2
ThereviewandamendmentprocedureshallbeaccomplishedbyaStandards/CertificationCommitteeappointedbytheAGAboardpresident. Amendmentswillrequirea2/3majorityvoteoftheentireStandardsCommittee.
4.1.3.
TheStandards/CertificationCommitteewillmeetatleastonceperyeartoreviewanddiscussnewgrassfedinformationandresearch. AtthismeetingtheCommitteewillvotetosendanyrecommendedamendmentstothefullboardforapproval.
4.1.4
AmendingtheAGAcertificationprogramstandardsanddefinitionsshallrequireamajorityvoteoftheentireBoardofDirectors.
4.1.5
TheBoardofDirectorswillset,onacasebycasebasis,theamountoftimemembershavetoimplementanyadoptedchangestotheAGAcertificationstandardsanddefinitions.
5ReferenceDocuments
5.1AGAGrassfedSupplierAffidavit
SeeAppendixA.
5.2AGAApprovedGrassfedSupplementsList
SeeAppendixB.
5.3AGAApprovedGrassPasturedandGrassfedDairySupplementsList
SeeAppendixC.
5.4AGABannedFeedStuffsList
SeeAppendixD
6AGAGrassfedandGrassPasturedRuminantStandardsDefinitions
BalageorRoundBaleSilage:Apracticethatinvolvescuttingtheforagecropwithconventionalhayharvestingequipment,allowingtheforagetowilttobetween30and60percentdrymatter,thenbalingitintotightbalesandwrappingthemimmediately.Balesarewrappedmechanicallyusingbale-wrappingequipmentthattightlystretchesseverallayersofplasticaroundthehaytoexcludeoxygenandallowproperensiling.(5)
BootStage:Theflagleafisfullyexpanded,buttheawnsandgrainheadarenotvisible.Thegrainheadcanbefeltintheflagleafsheath.(4)
Brassicas:Afamilyofveryproductiveannualforagevegetablesusedastransitioncropsbetweenpasturerenovationsorasasupplementalfeedsourceforextendingthegrazingseasonwhen otherforagesarelessproductivei.e.,turnips,rape,andkale.
Browse:1)Leafandtwiggrowthofshrubs,woodyvines,trees,cacti,andothernon-herbaceousvegetationavailableforanimalconsumption.2)Tobrowse:theconsumptionofbrowseinsitubyanimals.(6)
Concentrate:Allfeed,lowinfiberandhighintotaldigestiblenutrients thatsuppliesprimarynutrients(protein,carbohydrate,andfat);forexample,grains,wheatbran.(6)
CropResidue:Portionofplantsremainingafterfruitand/orseedharvest,saidmainlyofgraincropssuchascornstoverorofsmallgrainstrawandstubble.(6)
Diet:Thefeedregularlyofferedtoorconsumedbyananimal,seeration.(6)
DoughStage:Thekernelisfilledwithstarchandiswellformed.Thereisnomilkyfluid,onlyarubbery,dough-likesubstance.(4)
Dormancy:Inastateofbeingdormantwhennoactivegrowthisoccurring.(7)
Ensilage:Thesameassilage.(2)
Ensiled:Havingbeensubjectedtoanaerobicfermentationtoformsilage.(2)
Feedstuff:anyoftheconstituentnutrientsofananimalration.(7)
Fermentation:Chemicalchangesbroughtaboutbyenzymesproducedbyvariousmicroorganisms.(2)
Forb:Anyherbaceousbroadleafplantthatisnotagrassandisnotgrass-like.(6)
Fruit:1)n.Theusuallyediblereproductivebodyofaseedplantinparticular,onehavingasweetpulpassociatedwiththeseed. 2)n.Aproductoffertilizationinaplantwithitsmodifiedenvelopesorappendages,specificallytheripenedovaryofaseedplantanditscontents.(7)
Grain: Seedfromcerealplants,caryopsis. Corn,wheat,rye,oats,rice,millet,sorghum,barley,triticale.
Grass:MemberoftheplantfamilyPoaceae.(6)
Greenchop:Forageharvestedandfedinthegreen,choppedform,generallywithoutseed.(2)
GrowingForage:Forageplantsthataren’tinthedormant(non-growing)stateandthusareactivelydevelopingstem,leaf,and/orreproductivetissuesforgrowth. (1)
Glucose:Ahexosemonosaccharideobtaineduponthehydrolysisofstarchandcertainothercarbohydrates.Alsocalleddextrose.(2)
Hay:Theaerialpartsofforagecropsstoredinthedryformforanimalfeeding.(2)
Haylage:Haylageisthefeedproducedbystoringinanairtightsiloaforagecropwhichhasbeendriedtoamoisturelevelofabout45-55%.(2)
Herbage:1.)Thebiomassofherbaceousplants,otherthanseparatedgrain,generallyabovegroundbutincludingediblerootsandtubers.(6) 2.)n.Greenplantsespeciallywhenusedorfitforgrazing.(7)
Hydrolysis:Thesplittingofasubstanceintothesmallerunitsbyitschemicalreactionwithwater.(2)
Inflorescence:1)n.Afloralaxiswithitsappendages.2)n.aflowerclusterofwhichthereareatleast9recognizedtypes.(7)
Kernel:Amatureovuleofagrassplantthathastheovarywallfusedtoit.Sameascaryopsis.(6)
Legumes:membersortheFabaceaeplantfamily(formerlyknownastheLeguminoseaefamily).Legumesaredicots(producetwoseedleaves),produceseedinapod,havenettedleafvenation,andusuallyhaveataproottypeofrootsystem.MostlegumeshavetheabilitytointeractwithbacteriaofthegenusRhizobiumtofixnitrogeninnodulesontheirroots.Legumesmayhaveoneoffourdifferenttypesofseedheads.Theseseedheadtypesaretheraceme,thespike,theheadorumbel.(5)
Meadow:Areacoveredwithgrassesand/orlegumes,oftennativetothearea,grownprimarilyforhaybutwithsecondarygrazingpotential.(6)
MilkStage:Ingrain(seed),thestageofdevelopmentfollowingpollinationinwhichtheendospermappearsaswhitishliquidthatissomewhatlikemilk.(6)
Mineral:1)n.asolidhomogeneouscrystallinechemicalelementorcompoundthatresultsfromtheinorganicprocessesofnature.2)n.Anyofthevariousnaturallyoccurringhomogeneoussubstancesobtainedusuallyfromtheground.3)n.asyntheticsubstancehavingthechemicalcompositionandcrystallinefromandpropertiesofanaturallyoccurringmineral.(7)
NativePasture:Nativevegetation(predominantlyherbaceous)usedforgrazinginuntilledareas.Thetermtameorintroducedisusedinsteadofnativeforpasturesthatincludemainlynonnativespecies.(6)
Non-fibrouscarbohydrate(NFC): Thefractionofafeedstuffmadeofsugarsandstarch.(8)
Paddock:Agrazingareathatisasubdivisionofagrazingmanagementunitandisenclosedandseparatedfromotherareasbyafenceorbarrier.(6)
Pasture:1)n.Forageswhichareharvestedbygrazinganimals. 2)n.Anareaoflandwith75%foragecoverorunbrokenlandonwhichlivestockmaygrazeatwill.
Pastureland:Landdevotedtotheproductionofindigenousorintroducedforageforharvestprimarilybygrazing.Pasturelandgenerallymustbemanagedtoarrestsuccessionprocesses.(6)
Pericarp:Theripenedandvariouslymodifiedwallsofaplantovary,especiallythosecontributingtheouterlayerinacerealcaryopsis.(6)
Prairie:Nearlylevelorrollinggrasslandthatwasoriginallytreeless;usuallycharacterizedbyfertile soil.(6)
Range:Landsupportingindigenousvegetationthatisgrazedorthathasthepotentialtobegrazedandismanagedasanaturalecosystem.Includesgrazeableforestlandandrangeland.(6)
Rangeland:landonwhichtheindigenousvegetation(climaxornaturalpotential)ispredominantlygrasses,grass-likeplants,forbs,orshrubssuitableforgrazingorbrowsinguseandismanagedasanaturalecosystem.Ifplantsareintroduced,theyaremanagedasindigenousspecies.
Rangelandsincludenaturalgrasslands,savannas,shrublands,mostdeserts,tundra,alpinecommunities,coastalmarshland,andwetlandmeadows.(6)
Ration:thetotalamountoffeed(diet)allottedtooneanimalfora24-hourperiod.(6)
Residue:thatwhichremainsofanyparticularsubstance.(2)
Roughage:Anyfeed≥18%incrudefiberand≤70%intotaldigestiblenutrients(TDN),onanair-drybasisandarelessthan5.5%crudefat.
Seed:1)n.Ripenedmatureovuleconsistingofanembryo,aseedcoat,andasupplyoffoodthat,insomespeciesisstoredintheendosperm. 2)v.Tosow,astobroadcastordrillsmall-seededgrasses,legumes,orothercrops.(6)
Seedhead: Seeinflorescence.
SeparatedGrain:Grainthatisdetachedfromcerealcropplants.
Silage: Silage as defined by AGA is forage harvested containing no grain and is cut no later than the early reproductive stage (i.e. flowering in grasses/cerial grains, tasseling in corn (R1 stage), and stage 6 for sorghum).
Starch:Apolysaccharidehavingtheformula(C6H10O5)n. Manyplantsstoreenergyintheformofstarch.Starchisamajorcomponentofmostlivestockrations(especiallyfatteningrations)andishighlydigestible.Yieldsglucoseuponcompletehydrolysis.(2)
StockpiledForage:Foragethathasbeenallowedtoaccumulateonapastureorpaddockforgrazingatalaterperiod. Forageisoftenstockpiledforautumnandwintergrazingafterorduringdormancyorsemi-dormancy,butstockpilingmayoccuratanytimeduringtheyearasapartofaforagemanagementplan. Stockpilingcanbedescribedintermsofdefermentandforageaccumulation.(6)
Stover:Thematuredcuredstalksofsuchcropsascornorsorghumfromwhichthegrainhasbeenremoved.Atypeofroughage.(6)
Stubble:Thebasalportionofthestemsofherbaceousplantsleftstandingafterharvest.(6)
Supplement:Anutritionaladditive(salt,protein,phosphorus,etc.)intendedtoimprovethenutritionalbalanceandremedydeficienciesofthediet.(6)
SupplementalFeeding:Thepracticeofsupplyingfeedstuffstocorrectnutritionaldeficienciesinananimal’s“natural”diet.
Vegetative:Non-reproductiveplantparts,(leafandstem)incontrasttoreproductiveplantparts(flowerandseed)indevelopmentalstagesofplantgrowth.Thenon-reproductivestageinplantdevelopment.(6)
VegetativeState:Stagepriortotheappearanceoffruitingstructures.(6)
Vitamin:1)n.Anyofvariousorganicsubstancesthatareessentialinminutequantitiestothenutritionofmostanimalsandsomeplantsthatactespeciallyascoenzymesandprecursorsofcoenzymesintheregulationofmetabolicprocesses
6.1REFERENCES
(1).AGACertifiedRuminantStandardsLivestockProgram,2006(2).FeedsandFeeding;ArthurE.Cullison,1979
(3).Cow-CalfManagementGuide,CattleProducer’sLibrary;AgCommunicationsCenter,UniversityofIdaho,
TheFermentationProcessandSilageTroubleshooting,SmallGrainSilageforBeefCattle,Haylage,CornSilage
(4).AGuidetoCerealForageforProfitableDairyManagement;RSI,ResourceSeeds,Inc.1998
(5).Ball,D.M.,C.S.Hoveland,andG.D.Lacefield.2002.P.1-321.SouthernForages,ModernConceptsforForageCropManagement3rd.ed.PotashPhosphateInstitute(PPI)Norcross,GA
(6).Barnes,R.F.,D.A.Miller,andC.J.Nelson.1995.Glossary.P.487-501.InR.F.Barnes,D.A.Miller,and
C.J.Nelson(ed.)Forages,Vol.I,AnIntroductiontoGrasslandAgriculture,5th.ed.IowaStateUniversityPress,Ames,IA.
(7).MerriamWebster’sCollegiateDictionary.TenthEditionisanexcellentsourceforimportantwords,includingbutnotlimitedto:Browse,cereal,crop,dicot,forage,forb,grain,grass,graze,grassland,herb,herbage,herbaceous,monocot,pasture,range,rangeland,seed,silage,etc.
(8).VanSoest,P.J.,1994.NutritionalEcologyoftheRuminant.CornellUniversitypress.Ithaca,NewYork.476pp.
AppendixA
AmericanGrassfedAssociation
AGAGrassfed/GrassPasturedSupplierAffidavit
Supplier Name: ______AGA Membership.#: ______
Farm/Ranchname:______Mailingaddress:______City:______;State:______;ZipCode:______Phone:______;Mobile:______E-mail: ______; Fax: ______
AGA ProducerName: ______AGA Membership#______
Farm/Ranchname:______Mailingaddress:______City:______;State:______;ZipCode:______Phone:______;Mobile:______E-mail: ______; Fax: ______
AnimalDeliveryorTransferDate:______NumberofAnimalsDeliveredorTransferred:______
As a supplier of animals to an AGA producer, this letter serves as documentation that all animals provided to the above AGA producer have been raised in accordance to the AGA Grassfed and/or Grass Pastured Ruminant Program Standards. I acknowledge that I have read and understand the AGA Grassfed and Grass Pastured Ruminant Standards and that these animals listed below comply with said standards.
Signature: ______; Date: ______
AmericanGrassfedAssociation
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AppendixB-AGAApprovedGrassfedSupplements
AGASupplementGuidelines:
Note: AGASupplementGuidelinesonlyapplytoAGAgrassfedmarketanimalsanddonotapplytobreedinganimals.Calvesatsideareconsideredincidentalbutmaynotbeexposedtobannedfeedproducts,seeAppendixC.
Consumptionofhay,haylage,balage,silage without grain,forageproducts,cropresiduewithoutgrainandroughagewhileonpastureisnotrestrictedbystandard,3.3.2or3.3.3whichlimitsthedailyandtotalintakeofapprovedsupplements. Commonroughageandforageproductsarelistedbelow:
RoughageProducts:
AGAdefinesroughageproductsasfeedsthatare≥18%crudefiber(CF)and≤70%totaldigestiblenutrients(TDN)onanair-drybasisandarelessthan5.5%crudefat.
CornCobs
CottonseedHullsorCottonseedHullpelletsorcubesCottonGinTrash
PeanutHullsorPeanutHullpelletsorcubes
ForageProducts:
AGAdefinesforageproductsasthoseproductsderivedexclusivelyfromforage,see3.1.2.
AlfalfacubesandpelletsForagecubes
GrasscubesorpelletsHayfromanyforage
Silagefromanyforagewithoutgrain
AGAApprovedSupplementsandIntakeGuidelines:
FeedingofapprovedAGAsupplementsmustfallwithinthe1%lifetimetotalintake standard,3.3.2,aswellandcomplywith3.3.1,feedingtoensureanimal’swell-beingduringperiodsoflowforagequalityandinclementweather.
Whensupplementsareuseditseemslogicalthatthesesupplementsshouldbelookeduponassubstitutesorreplacementsforthepasturethatisnotavailableatthetime. Thus,thesupplementsshouldbenutritionallycomparableinthemajornutrientcontentoftheforagebeingreplaced. Thenutrientsconsideredshouldbeuniformlyavailable(nutritionallyspeaking)andinclude;energy,fiber,starchandprotein. Sincemostpasturegrasses,legumesandmixturescontain20%to30%starchandsugars,itseemsaxiomaticthatsupplementsshouldcontainlevelsofstarchandsugaralongwithahighlevelofhighlydigestiblefiber. Thisrationalisthattheratioofstarch/sugar:fibercontentisanacceptablecriterionforjudgingofsupplementalfeedstuffs. Thegoalofanysupplementationwouldbetonotchangethenutrientprofileoftheproductproduced(e.g.beef,milkcheese).
ThefollowinglistofapprovedsupplementsisnotanexclusivelistbutlistssupplementsthathavebeenapprovedbytheAGAtodate. TheAGACertificationCommitteemayreviewandamendthislistperiodically. SupplementsnotlistedbelowmustbeapprovedinadvancebyAGA’ssupplementscommittee. Supplementsthathaveanadverseeffectonthenutritionalqualityorhavenegativehealthbenefitsontheanimalsfedwillnotbeallowed.
LifetimeIntakeGuidelines:
TheseguidelinesareprovidedasanestimateoftotalintakeforanaverageAGAgrassfedsteerorheifer.
Year1totalintakeof50lbsonadrymatterbasis
Year2totalintakeof80lbsonadrymatterbasisplusyear1.
Year3tolifetimetotalintakeof120lbsonadrymatterbasisplussubsequentyears.
AGAApprovedGrassfedSupplements
AlmondHullsorAlmondHullpelletsorcubesBeetPulp,Dry
CanolaSeed,CanolaMealorCanolaMealpelletsorcubesCoconutMealorCoconutMealpelletsorcubes CottonseedMealorcottonseedpelletsorcubesCottonseedwhole
FlaxSeed,FlaxSeedMealorFlaxSeedpelletsorcubesLinseedMealorLinseedMealpelletsorcubes
MaltSprouts
OatHullsorOatHullPellets
PeanutmealorPeanutMealpelletsorcubesRiceHullsRiceHullPellets
SoybeanHullsorSoybeanHullpelletsorcubes
SoybeanMealorSoybeanMealpelletsorcubesSoybeansExtrudedorExtrudedSoybeanpelletsorcubes
SunflowerSeed,SunflowerMealorSunflowerMealpelletsorcubes
MolassesProducts
Molassesmaybeusedasacarrierinmineralorvitaminblocksandtubs. Itmaybeusedasabinderoringredientinpelletsorcubes.
Anytuborblockthatlistsaprotein%firstonitsguaranteedanalysistagisconsideredtobeaproteintub.Amineralblockortubmusthavetwoofthefirstthreeingredientsontheproductlabellistedasamineralorsourceofamineralandmaynotbeplantproteinorothersourcesofprotein,grain,orprocessedgrainby-products.
AGAGrass-fedmarketanimalscanbesupplementedwithmolasses-basedproteinblocksortubswithatargeteddailyintakeof1-3pounds(chemicallyhardenedorcookedblocks/tubs).Suchblocks/tubsareusedtosupplementlowqualityforagesandmaintainnutrientbalanceinthefinishingdiet. Producersmustreadtheingredientlistingtoensurethatbannedfeedstuffssuchascondensedfermentedcornextractives,corndistillersgrainswithsolubles,corncondenseddistillerssolubles,maizesyrup,animalby-productsorotherprohibitedingredientsarenotcontainedintheblockortub(pleaserefertoAppendixDforacompletelistofbannedfeedstuffs).
Breedinganimalscanbesupplementedwithmolasses-basedproteintubsaslongastheydonotcontainanyprohibitedingredientswhichincludetheexampleslistedpreviouslyunderthefinishinganimalguidelines.
AGAGrass-fedmarketanimalsmayNOTbefedmolassesblocksortubswithatargetintakeofmorethan3pounds(pressedblocks/tubs).
AGAGrass-fedmarketanimalsmayNOTbefedgrainbyproduct-basedproteintubs.
ManufacturedFeedswithoutCompleteIngredientsLists
Manymanufacturedfeedslist“ForageProducts,RoughageProducts,PlantProteinProducts,GrainProductsandProcessedGrainBy-Productsasingredientsinsteadoftheactualingredientused. ManufacturedfeedslistingGrainproductsareprohibitedinAGAgrassfedruminants.
ManufacturedfeedthatlistsForageProducts,RoughageProductsorPlantProteinProductsasaningredientareallowed. Processedgrainby-productsmaynotbelistedasthefirstingredientanditisuptotheproducertoverifythatthesumofthemolassesproductsandprocessedgrainby-productsdonotexceed25%ofthetotalration.
AppendixC-AGAApprovedGrassPasturedandGrassfedDairySupplements
ApprovedSupplementsforGrassPasturedandGrassfedDairy
TheapprovedGrassPasturedandGrassfedDairysupplementslistedbelow,inadditiontothoselistedaboveinAppendixB,mustbefedinaccordancewith3.3.3for Dairyand3.3.4forGrassPastured.Thesupplementsbelowarenotapprovedfor AGAGrassfed.
Brewer’sGrain
Brewer’sCondensedSolDistiller’sGrain
Distiller’sCondensedSol
NOTE: Itisuptotheproducertoverifythattherearenotraceantibioticscontainedinbrewer’sgrainanddistiller’sgrainproductswhichareroutinelyusedtocontrolbacteriainthefermentationprocess.
AppendixD–AGABannedFeedstuffsList
AmericanGrassfedAssociation
AGABannedFeedstuffsList
Thefollowinglistofbannedfeedstuffsisnotanexclusivelist. TheAGACertificationCommitteemayreviewandamendthislistperiodically.
GrainProductsinanyformsuchaswhole,ground,cracked,flakedortoasted. Grainproductsaredefinedas“Seedfromcerealgrain,caryopsis,seeGrain:
Barley,CornOatsRyeRiceTriticaleWheatMillet
Sorghum
Milkreplacercontainingantibiotics,growthpromotersand/oranyanimalby-productsasidefromwheyandotherdairyproducts.
Animalby-products,asidefromwheyandotherdairyproducts.Antibiotics
Hormones