ACTIVITIES UNIT 5. THE NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS.-
1. Put the following organs and systems in the correct order to describe the basic process of relation:
a) Sensory organs
b) Effectors organs
c) External stimuli
d) Nervous system.
2. What is a stimulus?
3. Imagine you burn your hand:
a) What is the stimulus?
b) What is the sense organ involved?
c) What is the effector involved when you pull your hand away?
4. Match each different type of neuron with its definition:
a) Motor 1) carry signals from receptor to the nervous system
b) Relay 2) transmit signals from the nervous system to effectors
c) Sensory 3) connect sensory neurons with motor neurons
5. Copy and complete these sentences in your exercise book. Use the following words: cerebrospinal fluid, grey matter, meninges and white matter.
a) ------is made of neurons and dendrites
b) ------is made of the axons of neurons
c) ------protects the central nervous system in the skull and the spinal cord
d) ------are membranes which protect the central nervous system.
6. Choose the correct word:
a) Reflex actions can happen with/without the participation of the brain.
b) Grey matter is shaped like the wings of a bird/butterfly.
c) Grey matter is found in the centre/on the outside of the spinal cord.
7. Name the different parts of the brain.
8. What is the function of the skull?
9. Complete the following sentences:
a) The CNS consists of the brain and the ------
b) The cerebellum is located in the ------part of the brain.
c) Grey matter is made of neurons and ------
d) White matter is made of neuron fibres covered in ------
10. Identify which statements are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements and write them out in your exercise book.
a) The passage of a nerve impulse from a dendrite to an axon is produced because neurotransmitters are released.
b) The cerebrum coordinates muscle movements.
c) The cerebrum has grey matter on the outside and white matter on the inside.
d) The grey matter in the spinal cord is shaped like a butterfly’s wings.
11. Match the words to the meanings:
a) Meninges b) cerebrospinal fluid c) brain stem
1) It is responsible for your heartbeat, blood pressure, etc
2) Membranes which surround the brain and spinal cord.
3) Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
12. Complete the following sentences:
a) Relay neurons connect sensory neurons with ------
b) The two different areas of the central nervous system are ------
c) The spinal cord is protected by the ------
d) The brain stem is responsible for ------
13. Copy and complete the following sentences:
a) ------nerves transmit information from the sensory organs.
b) ------nerves transmit signals to effectors.
c) ------nerves contain sensory and motor axons.
14. Choose the correct word in the following sentences:
a) There are twelve/thirty one pairs of cranial nerves.
b) There are thirty two / thirty one pairs of spinal nerves.
c) Cranial nerves enter and leave the brain/spine.
d) Spinal nerves emerge from the brain/spinal cord.
15. Which neurons are involved in a reflex action?
16. Which is quicker, a reflex or a voluntary action? Why?
17. Explain the function of:
a) Receptor
b) Sensory neuron
c) Relay neuron
d) Motor neuron
e) Effectors
18. Match the hormones with their correct glands:
1. Oxytocin a) pancreas
2. Aldosterone b) Ovary
3. Insulin c) Thyroid
4. Oestrogen d) Adrenal
5. Thyroxin e) Pituitary