Biology Mid Term Review Name:______

1.  List six characteristics that determine if an object is living or nonliving.

2.  What does the science of biology study?

3.  List the steps of the scientific method and describe each one.

4.  What is technology and what is its’ usefulness?

5.  What is the difference between a theory and a law?

6.  What is a polymer? Give three examples of polymers.

7.  What is an organic substance?

8.  Describe the parts of an atom.

9.  List seven important factors of water.

10.  List the basic characteristics of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins..

11.  What is the importance of a folded membrane?

12.  What do electron microscopes use to focus and magnify with?

13.  List five differences between light microscopes and electron microscopes.

14.  What are the major points of the cell theory?

15.  What are the differences between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?

16.  What type of cells will have a cell wall?

17.  List the major components of the plasma membrane and the functions of each part.

18.  What does the fluid mosaic model state?

19.  What are the functions of the plasma membrane?

20.  State what a hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solution is; the direction of flow of materials in each solution; and what will happen to the cell in each of the solutions.

21.  What is turgor pressure?

22.  State the forms of passive and active transport. What is the major difference between passive and active transport?

23.  What does dynamic equilibrium mean?

24.  What are four causes of cancer?

25.  What is the importance of maintaining a small cell size?

26.  State the steps of the cell cycle and what occurs in each one.

27.  How is the chromatid attached to the spindle fiber?

28.  Write the definition of the following words:

Development

Adaptation

Homeostasis

Evolution

Reproduction

Environment

Energy

Cellulose

Polar molecule

Peptide bond

Solution, solute, solvent

Enzyme

Product, reactant

29.  What is the basic metric unit for length?

Mass?

Temperature?

30.  Rate the following from the most specific to the broadest/largest term.

Population, biome, ecosystem, species, community, biosphere

31.  Define the following:

Consumer

Decomposer

Producer

Heterotroph

Autotroph

Herbivore

Carnivore

Omnivore

Chemotroph

Trophic level

Ecology

Biomass

32.  How much every is passed onto the next trophic level?

33.  Where does the original energy come from?

34. In the nitrogen cycle, what type of organism carries out nitrogen fixation? What happens during nitrogen fixation?

34.  Define the follow types of symbiotic relationships:

Mutualism

Parasitism

Commensalism

35.  What is the difference between climate and weather?

36.  Give 3 examples of a biotic factor.

37.  Give 3 examples of an abiotic factor.

38.  What is a climax community?

39.  What is a limiting factor? Give 2 examples.

40.  What is the difference between primary succession and secondary succession? Give an example of each one.

41.  Review the cell parts and jobs of each .

42.  What is the difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?

43.  What is a cytoskeleton? What makes up a cytoskeleton?

44.  What is diffusion?

45.  What is the diffusion of water called?

46.  Write down the parts of the cell cycle in the correct order.