Academic Year: 11 Course : Physics

Preliminary Physics Assessment Task 1 Year 11 2007 Student I.D.

Academic Year: 11 Course : Physics

Physics Preliminary Course Assessment Schedule 2007
Components
(Syllabus) / Weighting
(Syllabus) / Task 1 / Task 2 / Task 3 / Task 4
Half Yearly – Practical and Processes / Research / Processing Information / Practical and Processes Task / Yearly Exam
Knowledge and Understanding / 40% / 10% / 10% / 20%
First-hand Investigations
Communication / 30% / 5% / 15% / 10%
Scientific thinking and problem solving / 30% / 5% / 10% / 5% / 10%

Total

/ 100% / 20% / 20% / 20% / 40%
Outcomes / P1, P2, P3, P5, P7, P8, P12-P14 / P1, P3, P4 P11, P13, P14 / P2,
P11-P15 / P1 – P15

P1. outlines the historical development of major principles, concepts and ideas in physics

P3. assesses the impact of particular technological advances on understanding in physics

P4. describes applications of physics which affect society or the environment

P11. identifies and implements improvements to investigation plans

P13. identifies appropriate terminology and reporting styles to communicate information and understanding in physics

P14. draws valid conclusions from gathered data and information

Year 11 Physics Research Task 2007

This task is worth 20% of your assessment in the Preliminary Physics course.

The task will assess the following outcomes from the syllabus (see tables 7.1 and 8.1 in your syllabus document). Questions in the formal part of the task will assess knowledge and understanding as well as your ability to think scientifically and to solve problems using information that you have researched.

P1. outlines the historical development of major principles, concepts and ideas in physics

P3. assesses the impact of particular technological advances on understanding in physics

P4. describes applications of physics which affect society or the environment

P11. identifies and implements improvements to investigation plans

P13. identifies appropriate terminology and reporting styles to communicate information and understanding in physics

P14. draws valid conclusions from gathered data and information

On the day of your formal assessment, you will be able to bring into the task material photocopied from textbooks, printed or handwritten notes that you have made yourself or material printed from the Internet. You may not bring in any textbooks or information in any electronic form.

For further details of the formal assessment task, refer to the assessment notice.

Year 11 Physics Research Task 2006

This task is worth 20% of your assessment in the Preliminary Physics course.

P1. outlines the historical development of major principles, concepts and ideas in physics

P2. applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws of science with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations in physics

P10. describes theories and models in relation to the origins of matter and relates these to the forces involved

P13. identifies appropriate terminology and reporting styles to communicate information and understanding in physics (refer carefully to the subsections of this outcome as detailed in table 8.1)

P14. draws valid conclusions from gathered data and information (refer carefully to the subsections of this outcome specified in table 8.1)

For further details of the formal assessment task, refer to the assessment notice.

The following syllabus dot points must be researched in preparation for this task. The points in bold are from column 3 of the syllabus and the other points are related content from column 2.

8.5.1

§ outline the historical development of models of the Universe from the time of Aristotle to the time of Newton ( including Ptolemy, Copernicus and Kepler)

8.5.2

§ identify data sources and gather secondary information to describe the probable origins of the Universe

§ describe the transformation of radiation into matter which followed the ‘Big Bang’

§ identify that Einstein described the equivalence of energy and mass

8.5.3

§ process and analyse information using the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram to examine the variety of star groups, including Main Sequence, red giants, and white dwarfs

§ describe a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram as the graph of a star’s luminosity against its colour or surface temperature

8.5.4

§ identify that energy may be released from the nuclei of atoms

§ describe the nature of emissions from the nuclei of atoms as radiation of alpha a and beta b particles and gamma g rays in terms of:

§ – ionising power

§ – penetrating power

§ – effect of magnetic field

§ – effect of electric field

Preliminary Physics Assessment Task 1 Year 11 2007 Student I.D.

Time Allowed: 40 minutes.

· You may use your research assignment to help in completing this task.

· Write your answers in the spaces provided. The amount of space is a guide as to the depth of answer required.

· If you make a mistake cross it out and add the appropriate number or lines of writing to the spare paper attached.

· Total marks 27

Data: Speed of light = 3 x 108 m s-1

1. Contrast the models of the solar system that were proposed by Ptolemy and Copernicus.

(2 marks)

2. Describe the most widely accepted scientific model of the origin of the Universe. (4 marks)

3. In the late 1600s Isaac Newton introduced a theory that could be used to explain the

motion of planets.

(a) Describe Newton’s theory. (3 marks)

(b) In 1845, two mathematicians, Urbain le Verrier and John Couch Adams, independently

predicted the existence of the planet Neptune and the position in the sky that it would be found in.

Their prediction was based on mathematical calculations that showed the orbit of Uranus was not

following the expected path. Neptune was discovered in 1846 by the astronomer Johann Galle

within one degree of the calculated position.

Assess the importance of Newton’s theory in the discovery of Neptune (3 marks)

4. Calculate the mass equivalent of 1800 kJ of energy using Einstein’s equation E=mc2.
Express your final answer in grams (3 marks)

5. Study the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram below and then answer the following questions.

(a) Qualitatively describe the relationship between absolute magnitude and effective temperature of main sequence stars suggested by this diagram. (1 mark)

(b) Compare the main process of energy production in Betelgeuse with that of the Sun. (2 marks)

(c) A student stated that the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows that the luminosity of a star depends only on its surface temperature.

Evaluate this statement with specific reference to the diagram above (3 marks)

6. The heliocentric model of the solar system was very simple with the planets revolving around the Sun in circular orbits. In spite of its simplicity, however, it was not generally accepted when proposed in 1543.

Outline TWO scientific reasons why the model was not widely supported at the time (2 marks)

7. The diagram below illustrates a simple experiment designed to investigate the effect of a magnetic field on the three main types of radiation that can be produced by a radioactive isotope

a) Identify A, B and C. (1 mark)

b) A sheet of paper is place over the opening to the chamber containing the radioactive material and the experiment repeated.

Describe any differences in the image formed on the photographic plate (1 mark)

c) This image is a medical image called bone scan. It shows the body of a healthy person. The technique used to produce this image involves injecting a radioactive isotope into the blood. The isotope concentrates in the bones and decays producing radiation. The radiation passes through the body tissues and is detected by a ring of sensors around the body. Dark areas indicate concentrations of the radioactive isotope.

(i) Predict the type of radiation emitted from the radioactive isotope. (1 mark)

(ii) Justify your choice with reference to ONE relevant property of radiation.
(1 mark)

Spare Paper

Preliminary Physics Assessment Task 1 Year 11 2007 Student I.D.

Marking Scheme

Q1 / Marks
Links geocentric model to Ptolemy and the heliocentric model to Copernicus AND outlines the difference between the models i.e. that the geocentric model is that of a stationary Earth, about which other celestial objects rotate and the heliocentric model has the planets orbiting the Sun / 2
Links geocentric model to Ptolemy and the heliocentric model to Copernicus only
Q2 / Marks
Identifies the Big Bang theory AND states that (a) it occurred 13.7 billion years ago (b) that the Universe began as a singularity (c) that expansion took place (d) one other significant feature of the theory (formation of matter from energy, cooling, imbalance of matter/antimatter, accretion to form stars and galaxies) / 4
Presents 1-3 of (a) – (d) / 1-3
Q3(a) / Marks
Identifies the theory as Universal Gravitation (theory of gravity) ,stating that gravity is a force which exists between all objects with mass and provides one other significant feature of the theory (eg force inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the masses etc) / 3
Identifies the theory as Universal Gravitation (theory of gravity) ,stating that gravity is a force which exists between all objects with mass but provides no additional relevant detail / 2
Identifies the theory as Universal Gravitation (theory of gravity) or states that gravity is a force which exists between all objects with mass / 1
Q3(b) / Marks
Answer contains a clear assessment stating that Newton’s theory was essential AND
Outlines that it was the gravitational pull of Neptune that was affecting the orbit of Uranus AND
Explains that the mathematical nature of Newton’s theory enabled a precise position to be calculated / 3
Answer contains a clear assessment stating that Newton’s theory was essential AND
Outlines that it was the gravitational pull of Neptune that was affecting the orbit of Uranus OR
Outlines that it was the gravitational pull of Neptune that was affecting the orbit of Uranus AND
Explains that the mathematical nature of Newton’s theory enabled a precise position to be calculated / 2
Outlines one of the above. / 1
Q4 / Marks
Correct substitution of data into formula (including conversion of kJ into J), correct calculation of final answer in kg (2.0 x 10-11 kg) and correct conversion of answer into grams (2.0 x 10-8 g) / 3
Correct substitution of data into formula (including conversion of kJ into J), correct calculation of final answer in kg (2.0 x 10-11 kg) / 2
Correct conversion of answer into grams OR
Correct substitution of data into formula (including conversion of kJ into J), / 1
Q5(a) / Marks
As absolute magnitude increases the effective temp decreases / 1
Q5(b) / Marks
Answer identifies fusion as the major process and contrasts the types of fusion occurring on the sun with those occurring on Betelgeuse. / 2
Answer identifies fusion as the major / 1
Q5(c) / Marks
Answer makes a judgement about statement and discusses another factor influencing the luminosity (eg size or type of star) and makes specific reference to the diagram / 3
Answer makes a judgement about statement
and/or discusses another factor influencing the luminosity (eg size or type of star)
And/or makes specific reference to the diagram / 1-2
Q6 / Marks
Answer outlines two scientific reasons (eg no observable parallax , unable to measure motion of Earth) / 2
Answer outlines one scientific reasons. / 1
Q7(a) / Marks
A – Alpha B- Gamma C-Beta / 1
Q7b / Marks
States that the image would not show the dark area corresponding to the alpha radiation hitting the film. (this was poorly answered by most candidates who stated that alpha radiation would not pass through the paper but did not answer the question which required a statement to be made about how the IMAGE would differ) / 1
Q7(c)(i) / Marks
states that gamma radiation would be emitted / 1
Q7(c)(ii) / Marks
Reasons that ONLY gamma radiation could travel through bone and soft tissue to reach the detectors outside the body / 1

Preliminary Physics Assessment Task 1 Year 11 2007 Student I.D.

Alternative Task (DON’T DELETE THIS) Time Allowed: 40 minutes.

· You may use your research assignment to help in completing this task.

· Write your answers in the spaces provided. The amount of space is a guide as to the depth of answer required.

· If you make a mistake cross it out and add the appropriate number or lines of writing to the spare paper attached.

· Total marks 27

Data: Speed of light = 3 x 108 m s-1

1. Outline one similarity and one difference between the geocentric model and the heliocentric model of the solar system.

(2 marks)

2. Describe the observational evidence supporting the big bang theory. (4 marks)

3. In the late 1600s Isaac Newton introduced a theory that could be used to explain the

motion of planets.

(a) Describe Newton’s theory. (3 marks)

(b) In 1845, two mathematicians, Urbain le Verrier and John Couch Adams, independently predicted the existence of the planet Neptune and the position in the sky that it would be found in.