1
Supplemental Table 1 Summary of continuous monitoring studies (conducted for 4 years) of anuran amphibians in the southeastern USA. Habitat descriptions are based on those stated by authors. IUCN status is derived from the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013): LC = Least Concern; NT = Near Threatened; andCE = Critically Endangered.1References on longevity are provided at the end of Supplemental Table 2
Species / IUCNStatus / Longevity
(yrs)1 / Study Duration
(yrs) / No. Sites monitored / Habitat / Accounted for imperfect detection? / Location / Reference
Acris crepitans / LC / 0.3 – 3 complete population turnover in 16 monthsa / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Acris crepitans / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Acris gryllus / LC / 3 in NCb / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Acris gryllus / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991, 1992
Acris gryllus / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Acris gryllus / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Acris gryllus / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Acris gryllus / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Acris gryllus / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Anaxyrus americanus / LC / 5-6 in VAb / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole
ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Anaxyrus americanus / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Anaxyrus americanus / 6 / 6 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka and Holbrook 2006
Anaxyrus americanus / 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2007
Anaxyrus fowleri / LC / 2-3b / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Anaxyrus fowleri / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Anaxyrus quercicus / LC / 1 in FLb / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Anaxyrus quercicus / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991, 1992, 1994
Anaxyrus quercicus / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Anaxyrus quercicus / 10 and 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and
Tanner 2005a,c
Anaxyrus quercicus / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Anaxyrus quercicus / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Anaxyrus terrestris / LC / 10a / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Anaxyrus terrestris / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991, 1992, 1994
Anaxyrus terrestris / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Anaxyrus terrestris / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Anaxyrus terrestris / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Anaxyrus terrestris / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Anaxyrus terrestris / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Anaxyrus terrestris / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Anaxyrus terrestris / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Anaxyrus terrestris / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Eleutherodactylus planirostris / LC / unknown / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds (in terrestrial pitfall traps) / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Eleutherodactylus planirostris / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Eleutherodactylus planirostris / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Gastrophryne carolinensis / LC / >6a / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991, 1992, 1995; Dodd and Cade 1998
Gastrophrynecarolinensis / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Gastrophryne carolinensis / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Hyla chrysoscelis / LC / 7.8e (captivity) / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Hyla chrysoscelis / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Hyla chrysoscelis / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Hyla chrysoscelis / 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2007
Hyla cinerea / LC / unknown / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Hyla cinerea / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Hyla cinerea / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Hyla cinerea / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Hyla cinerea / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Hyla cinerea / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Hyla femoralis / LC / >4a (captivity) / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Hyla femoralis / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991, 1992
Hyla femoralis / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Hyla femoralis / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Hyla femoralis / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Hyla femoralis / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Hyla femoralis / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Hyla gratiosa / LC / 10-12.5a,e (captivity) / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Hyla gratiosa / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Hyla gratiosa / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Hyla squirella / LC / 8.5a,e (captivity) / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Hyla squirella / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Hyla squirella / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Hyla squirella / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Hyla squirella / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Hyla versicolor / LC / 7.8a,e (captivity) / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Incilius nebulifer / LC / 5-8b / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Pseudacris crucifer / LC / 4-5c / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Pseudacris crucifer / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Pseudacris crucifer / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Pseudacris crucifer / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Pseudacris crucifer / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Pseudacris crucifer / 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2007
Pseudacris crucifer / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Pseudacris crucifer / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Pseudacris fouquettei / LC / unknown / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlainds / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Pseudacris nigrita / LC / 1-3d / 4 / 2 / Carolina bays / No / SC / Caldwell 1987
Pseudacris nigrita / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Pseudacris nigrita / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Pseudacris nigrita / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Pseudacris nigrita / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Pseudacris ocularis / LC / unknown / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Pseudacris ocularis / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991, 1992
Pseudacris ocularis / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Pseudacris ocularis / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Pseudacris ocularis / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Pseudacris ornata / LC / 1-3d / 4 / 2 / Carolina bays / No / SC / Caldwell 1987
Pseudacris ornata / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Pseudacris ornata / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Pseudacris ornata / 12 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 1991
Pseudacris ornata / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Pseudacris ornata / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Pseudacris ornata / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Lithobates capito / NT / 6-7a / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1992
Lithobates capito / 25 / 7 / Carolina bays and ponds / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1995
Lithobates capito / 5 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg 2001
Lithobates capito / 13 / 2 / 1 ephemeral, 1 permanent pond / No / AL / Jensen et al. 2003
Lithobates catesbeianus / LC / 5-10, nearly 16 in captivity a,b,e / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Lithobates catesbeianus / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Lithobates catesbeianus / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Lithobates catesbeianus / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Lithobates catesbeianus / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Lithobates catesbeianus / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Lithobates catesbeianus / 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2007
Lithobates catesbeianus / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Lithobates clamitans / LC / 10e (captivity) / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Lithobates clamitans / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Lithobates clamitans / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Lithobates clamitans / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Lithobates clamitans / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Lithobates clamitans / 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2007
Lithobates clamitans / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Lithobates grylio / LC / 5b / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Lithobates grylio / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Lithobates grylio / 5 / 42 / Cypress-dome wetlands / Yes / FL / Guzy et al. 2012
Lithobates grylio / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Lithobates grylio / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Lithobates palustris / LC / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Lithobates palustris / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Lithobates sevosus / CE / 6-10a / 6 / 1 / Ephemeral pond / No / MS / Richter and Seigel 2002
Lithobates sevosus / 14 / 1 / Ephemeral pond / No / MS / Richter et al. 2003
Lithobates sphenocephalus / LC / unknown / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 5 / 40 / Floodplain wetlands / Yes / LA / Walls et al. 2011
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Lithobates sphenocephalus / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Lithobates sylvaticus / LC / 6b / 9-10 / 16 (in TN and NC) / Vernal ponds and beaver ponds / No / TN, NC, KY / Petranka et al. 2004
Lithobates sylvaticus / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Lithobates sylvaticus / 7, 8, and 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a,b; Petranka et al. 2007
Lithobates sylvaticus / 10 / 6 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka and Holbrook 2006
Osteopilus septentrionalis / LC / unknown / 5 / 22 routes up to 12 stops each / Not stated / No / FL / Pieterson et al. 2006
Osteopilus septentrionalis / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Rhinella marina / 15.8a
(captivity) / 10 / 8 routes of 10-12 stops each / Not explicitly stated: “suitable anuran habitat” / No / FL / Everham et al. 2013
Scaphiopus holbrookii / LC / >9a / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991
Scaphiopus holbrookii / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Scaphiopus holbrookii / 9 and 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005b,c
Scaphiopus holbrookii / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Scaphiopus holbrookii / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Scaphiopus holbrookii / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Supplemental Table 2 Summary of continuous monitoring studies (conducted for > 4 years) of caudate amphibians in the southeastern USA. Habitat descriptions are based on those stated by authors. IUCN status is derived from the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013): LC = Least Concern; NT = Near Threatened; VU = Vulnerable; and CE = Critically Endangered
Species / IUCN status / Longevity (yrs) / Studyduration
(yr) / No. Sites monitored / Habitat / Accounted for imperfect detection? / Location / Reference
Ambystoma bishopi / VU / unknown / 4 / 18 / Ephemeral flatwoods wetlands / Yes / FL / Gorman et al. 2009
Ambystoma cingulatum / VU / 4a (captivity) / 4 / 1 / Ephemeral wetland / No / FL / Palis 1997; Palis et al. 2006
Ambystoma maculatum / LC / 32a,e / 6 / 21 / Carolina bays and other temporary and permanent wetlands / No / SC / Semlitsch 1988
Ambystoma maculatum / 9-10 / 16 (in TN and NC) / Vernal ponds and beaver ponds / No / TN, NC, KY / Petranka et al. 2004
Ambystoma maculatum / 10 / 6 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka and Holbrook 2006
Ambystoma maculatum / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Ambystoma maculatum / 7, 8, and 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a,b; Petranka et al. 2007
Ambystoma opacum / LC / 9-10a / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Ambystoma opacum / 12 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 1991
Ambystoma opacum / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Ambystoma opacum / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Ambystoma opacum / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al 2011
Ambystoma talpoideum / LC / > 8-9a,f / 4 / 5 / 4 Carolina bays and 1 borrow pit / No / SC / Semlitsch 1985
Ambystoma talpoideum / 4 and 6 / 2 / Carolina bays / No / SC / Semlitsch 1987
Ambystoma talpoideum / 6 / 21 / Carolina bays and other temporary and permanent wetlands / No / SC / Semlitsch 1988
Ambystoma talpoideum / 8 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1988
Ambystoma talpoideum / 12 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1993
Ambystoma talpoideum / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Ambystoma talpoideum / 4 / 45 to 60 / Coastal wetlands / Yes / FL / Walls et al. 2013
Ambystoma talpoideum / 6 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / LA / Raymond and Hardy 1990
Ambystoma talpoideum / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Ambystoma talpoideum / 12 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 1991
Ambystoma talpoideum / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Ambystoma talpoideum / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Ambystoma talpoideum / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Ambystoma tigrinum / LC / 6g / 4 / 2 / Carolina bays / No / SC / Semlitsch 1983
Ambystoma tigrinum / 4 / 1 / Sinhole pond / Yes / VA / Bailey et al. 2004
Ambystoma tigrinum / 4 / 3 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church et al. 2007
Ambystoma tigrinum / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Ambystoma tigrinum / 12 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 1991
Ambystoma tigrinum / 26 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Daszak et al. 2005
Ambystoma tigrinum / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Amphiuma means / LC / 27 (captivity)
a,e / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Aneides aeneus / NT / >10a / 9 / 13 / Forested, rocky outcrops / No / NC / Corser 2001
Desmognathus aeneus / NT / unknown / 19, 23 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC (Nantahala Mountains) / Hairston and Wiley 1993; Hairston 1996
Desmognathus conanti / Not assessed / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Desmognathus fuscus / LC / unknown / 5 / 17-30 / First-order stream catchments / Yes / NC / Price et al. 2011, 2012a,b
Desmognathus fuscus / 6 / 9 / Streamside forested plots / Yes / TN, NC / Dodd and Dorazio 2004
Desmognathus monticola / LC / 9-11a / 19, 23 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC
(Nantahala Mountains) / Hairston and Wiley 1993; Hairston 1996
Desmognathus ochrophaeus / LC / 9-11h / 6 / 9 / Streamside forested plots / Yes / TN, NC / Dodd and Dorazio 2004
Desmognathus ochrophaeus / 13 / 4 blocks of 7, 2-ha plots (VA only) / Mixed hardwoods forest / No / VA, WV / Homyack and Haas 2009
Desmognathus ochrophaeus / 19, 23 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC (Nantahala Mountains) / Hairston and Wiley 1993; Hairston 1996
Desmognathus quadramaculatus / LC / 15a,e / 19, 23 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC (Nantahala Mountains) / Hairston and Wiley 1993; Hairston 1996
Desmognathus wrighti / LC / unknown / 6 / 9 / Streamside forested plots / Yes / TN, NC / Dodd and Dorazio 2004
Eurycea cirrigera / LC / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Eurycea cirrigera / 5 / 30 / First-order stream catchments / Yes / NC / Price et al. 2011, 2012a
Eurycea longicauda / LC / unknown / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Eurycea longicauda / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Eurycea lucifuga / LC / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Eurycea quadridigitata / LC / unknown / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Eurycea quadridigitata / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1992
Eurycea quadridigitata / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Eurycea quadridigitata / 30 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Todd et al. 2011
Eurycea wilderae / LC / 4-5i / 6 / 9 / Streamside forested plots / Yes / TN, NC / Dodd and Dorazio 2004
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus / LC / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Notophthalmus perstriatus / NT / 11a / 5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1992, 1993; Dodd and Cade 1998
Notophthalmus perstriatus / 6 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / FL / Dodd 1991
Notophthalmus perstriatus / 7 / 8 / Ephemeral sinkhole ponds / No / FL / Greenberg and Tanner 2005c
Notophthalmus viridescens / LC / 11-15a / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Notophthalmus viridescens / 5 / 32 / Sinkhole ponds / Yes / VA / Church 2008
Notophthalmus viridescens / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Notophthalmus viridescens / 15 for reference wetland; 8.5 for created ponds / 1 reference wetland; 3-4 created ponds / Reference Carolina Bay and created ponds / No / SC / Pechmann et al. 2001
Notophthalmus viridescens / 10 / 5 / Ponds / Yes / VA / Gill 1985
Notophthalmus viridescens / 13 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2007
Notophthalmus viridescens / 16 / 1 / Carolina bay / No / SC / Semlitsch et al. 1996
Plethodon cinereus / LC / 8-9j / 13 / 4 blocks of 7, 2-ha plots (VA only) / Mixed hardwoods forest / No / VA, WV / Homyack and Haas 2009
Plethodon cinereus / 14 / 1 100 m2 quadrat / Moist soil outside rocky, talus slope / No / VA (Hawksbill Mountain) / Jaeger 1980
Plethodon glutinosus / LC / >5a / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Plethodon glutinosus / 13 / 4 blocks of 7, 2-ha plots (VA only) / Mixed hardwoods forest / No / VA, WV / Homyack and Haas 2009
Plethodon jordani / NT / 19.8e (captivity) / 6 / 9 / Streamside forested plots / Yes / TN, NC / Dodd and Dorazio 2004
Plethodon jordani / 15, 23 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC (Balsam Mountains) / Hairston and Wiley 1993; Hairston 1996
Plethodon teyahalee / LC / unknown / 15, 23 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC (Balsam Mountains) / Hairston and Wiley 1993; Hairston 1996
Plethodon shermani x teyahalee hybrids / unable to assess / unknown / 16, 20 / 5 sites along 1 transect / Forest / No / NC (Nantahala Mountains) / Hairston et al. 1992; Hairston and Wiley 1993
Plethodon petraeus / VU / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Plethodon richmondi / LC / unknown / 13 / 4 blocks of 7, 2-ha plots (VA only) / Mixed hardwoods forest / No / VA, WV / Homyack and Haas 2009
Plethodon shenandoah / VU / unknown / 14 / 3 100 m2 quadrats / Rocky talus slopes / No / VA (Hawksbill Mountain) / Jaeger 1980
Plethodon ventralis / LC / unknown / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Pseudobranchus striatus / LC / unknown / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
Pseudotriton ruber / >20a,e(captivity) / 5 / 6 / Caves / No / GA / Camp and Jensen 2007
Pseudotriton ruber / LC / 7 / 10 reference and 10 created ponds / Reference and created ponds / No / NC / Petranka et al. 2003a
Siren intermedia / LC / 7a
(captivity) / 7.5 / 1 / Temporary pond / No / LA / Raymond 1991
Siren spp. / LC / unknown / 4 / 32 / Coastal wetlands / No / FL / Gunzburger et al. 2010
aAmphibiaWeb ( bDodd (2013); cLykens and Forester (1987), Zimmitti (1999); dCaldwell (1987);
eAnAge ( fRaymond and Hardy (1990); gBuhlmann and Mitchell (2000); hHouck and Francillon-Vieillot (1988); iBruce (1988); jLeclair et al. (2006).
1
References
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