Human Anatomy and Physiology I

Practice Test 3

1  Chemical synaptic transmission of nerve impulse is important because it allows the impulse to be transmitted

  1. In one direction only
  2. In many directions at once
  3. More rapidly than electrical transmission
  4. Whether or not electrical transmission is occurring
  5. In response to a subthreshold stimulus

2  A homeostatic response that is slow, of long duration and has a widespread effect on body organs is most likely produced by the nervous system?

  1. True
  2. False

3  The process by which the nervous system interprets information and decides on what action to take is called

  1. Sensory input
  2. Integration
  3. Motor output
  4. Homeostasis
  5. Negative feedback

4  Which of the following is a part of the central nervous system?

I – Brain,

II – Spinal Cord,

III – Cranial Nerves,

IV – Spinal Nerves

  1. I only
  2. I and II only
  3. II and III only
  4. I, II, and III only
  5. I, II, III and IV only

5  Franchesca complains of severe abdominal pains. These signals are transmitted by what fibers?

  1. Somatic afferents
  2. Somatic efferents
  3. Motor efferents
  4. Visceral efferents
  5. Visceral afferents

6  The minimum stimulus strength required to produces depolarization is called?

  1. Subthreshold stimulus
  2. Threshold stimulus
  3. Absolute refractory stimulus
  4. Relative refractory stimulus
  5. Saltatory stimulus

7  Nerve fibers that transmit impulses to the skeletal muscles belong to which of the following divisions of the nervous system?

I – Somatic Nervous System,

II – Voluntary Nervous system,

III – Autonomic Nervous system

  1. I only
  2. I and II only
  3. I and III only
  4. II and III only
  5. I, II and III only

8  ______mobilizes the body systems during emergency situations.

  1. The parasympathetic division of the ANS
  2. The sympathetic division of the ANS
  3. The sympathetic division of the somatic nervous system
  4. The parasympathetic division of the somatic nervous system
  5. None of the above

9  These cells are excitable (transmit electrical signals).

  1. Astrocytes
  2. Neurons
  3. Oligodendrocytes
  4. Ependymal cells
  5. Microglial cells

10  Which of the following glial cells could be described as “scavengers”?

  1. Satellite cells
  2. Schwann cells
  3. Microglia cells
  4. Oligodendrocytes
  5. Ependymal cells

11  Which of the following statements about myelin sheath is NOT true?

I – Provides protection and electrical insulation,

II – Increase conduction velocity,

III – Forms an uninterrupted covering on the entire length of the axon

  1. I only
  2. II only
  3. III only
  4. I and II
  5. I, II and III

12  Which of the following nerves would conduct with the fastest velocity?

  1. Heavily myelinated and small diameter
  2. Unmyelinated and large diameter
  3. Unmyelinated and small diameter
  4. Heavily myelinated and large diameter
  5. All of the above

13  Consider the following statements and determine if they are true.

I – Neurons are amitotic

II – Schwann cells are located solely within the CNS

III – Retrograde movement (conduction) describes movement of material toward the soma

  1. I only
  2. II only
  3. III only
  4. I and III only
  5. I, II and III only

14  The connective tissue sheath surrounding a nerve fascicle is called?

  1. Epineurium
  2. Endoneurium
  3. Perineurium
  4. Neurilemma
  5. Myelin sheath

15  Nissl bodies correspond to which of the following cytoplasmic organelles?

  1. Golgi apparatus
  2. Mitochondria
  3. Nucleoli
  4. Rough endoplasmic reticula
  5. Lysosomes

16  A nerve cell is placed in an environment that contains a chemical that increases the cell’s permeability to K+ ions. How will you expect the nerve cell to respond?

  1. The cell will become more excitable
  2. Cell excitability will remain unchanged
  3. The cell will become less excitable
  4. The membrane potential would be moved toward the threshold
  5. The cell will depolarize

17  A student is hospitalized with signs and symptoms of cerebrospinal meningitis. To confirm the diagnosis lab work is requested and the physician proceeds to draw a sample at the level of L3. From what body location did the fluid used as laboratory sample come from?

  1. Epidural space
  2. Subarachnoid space
  3. Subdural space
  4. Posterior median sulcus
  5. Anterior median fissure

18  Which of the following would MOST LIKELY occur during an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)?

  1. Decreased potassium permeability
  2. Increased chloride permeability
  3. Increased sodium permeability
  4. Decreased sodium permeability
  5. Closure of calcium channels

19  Which of the following statements about an action potential is TRUE?

I – It is a transient reversal of the resting potential

II – It is generated at the axon hillock

III – Its intensity decreases in strength as time increases

IV – Its magnitude increases with increasing stimulus intensity

  1. I and II only
  2. II and III only
  3. III only IV only
  4. I, II and IV only
  5. I, II and III only

20  Consider the following statements and determine which are TRUE:

I – Action potentials are all-or-none phenomenon,

II – Action potential are produced by subthreshold stimuli,

III – The absolute refractory period ensures that each action potential is a separate

event.

  1. I only
  2. I and II only
  3. II and III only
  4. I and III only
  5. I, II, and III only

21  ______occurs when one or more presynaptic neurons transmit impulses in quick succession to release bursts of neurotransmitters that summate to cause depolarization of a postsynaptic membrane.

  1. Temporal summation
  2. Spatial summation
  3. All-or-non phenomenon
  4. IPSP
  5. Synaptic potentiation

22  In his laboratory, a chemist modifies the structure of the neurotransmitter X to produce a new compound Y. He uses Y in an experiment as he studies synaptic transmission. He observes that Y binds IRREVERSIBLY with receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and its effect is OPPOSITE to the effect of X. The enzyme that degrades X is SPECIFIC. If Y is introduced into the synapse of a healthy individual just before X is released then he can safely conclude that:

  1. The postsynaptic neuron will eventually generate an impulse since Y will displace X from the receptor site
  2. The postsynaptic neuron will eventually generate an impulse since X will displace Y from the receptor site
  3. The postsynaptic neuron will not generate an impulse since Y is toxic
  4. The postsynaptic neuron will eventually generate an impulse since the enzyme will degrade Y
  5. The postsynaptic neuron will not generate an impulse since the enzyme will degrade Y

23  Which of the following does NOT contribute to the protection of the spinal cord?

  1. Vertebrae
  2. Pia mater
  3. Arachnoid mater
  4. Duramater
  5. Conus medullaris

24  A football player suffers spinal cord injury during a game and is confirmed to have permanently lost motor and sensory activity in both lower limbs. His injury is most likely at:

  1. The level of the axis
  2. Above the cervical enlargement
  3. Below the lumbar enlargement
  4. Between the cervical and lumbar enlargements
  5. At the tip of the conus medullaris

25  Nerves that transmit impulses BOTH to and from the spinal cord are______

  1. Sensory
  2. Motor
  3. Mixed
  4. Visceral afferent
  5. Visceral efferent

2