Table 3: Main MS-EI fragments of the identified compounds in Table 1 (odorants in native urine) and compilation of their odor thresholds and CAS numbers.
No.a / Odorant / CAS numberb / MS-EI fragmentsc / Odor threshold in air [µg//L] / Odor threshold in water (orthonasal) [µg//L]Frequently occurring odorants in solvent extracts of native human urine
1 / 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline / 85213-22-5 / 83, 111 / 0.000020 – 0.000028
(Blank et al. 1989; Hofmann et al. 1995; P. Schieberle and Grosch 1991, 1994) / 0.053 - 0.12
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1983; R. G. Buttery et al. 1988; Czerny et al. 2008; R. Buttery and Ling 1995)
2 / 3-(Methylthio)-propanal (Methional) / 3268-49-3 / 104, 76 / 0.0010 - 0.00014
(P. Schieberle and Grosch 1994; Blank et al. 1992; Blank et al. 1989) / 0.20 – 1.8
(R. Buttery and Ling 1995; Cerny and Grosch 1993; Czerny et al. 2008; Guth and Grosch 1994; Kerler and Grosch 1996)
3 / (E)-1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadienyl)-but-2-en-1-one
((E)--Damascenone) / 23696-85-7 / 69, 121, 105, 175, 190 / 0.0000028
(Blank et al. 1989; Blank et al. 1992) / 0.00075 – 10
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1989; Czerny et al. 2008; Pino and Mesa 2006; P Schieberle 1991; Semmelroch et al. 1995)
4 / -Nonalactone / 104-61-0 / 85, 57 / - / 9.7 – 27
(Czerny et al. 2008)
5 / -Nonalactone / 3301-94-8 / 71, 99, 114, 128 / - / -
6 / 4-Methylphenol (p-Cresol) / 106-44-5 / 107, 108, 77, 79 / 0.00055 – 0.0010
(Blank et al. 1989; Leonardos et al. 1969) / 1.0 - 55
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1988; Czerny et al. 2008; Hoak 1957; Karagul-Yuceer et al. 2003; Kerscher 2000)
7 / -Decalactone / 706-14-9 / 85, 128 / - / 1.1– 90
(Czerny et al. 2008; Engel et al. 1988; Keith and Powers 1968; Larsen and Poll 1992; Pino and Mesa 2006)
8 / -Decalactone / 705-86-2 / 99, 71 / - / 2.5 - 410
(Czerny et al. 2008; Engel et al. 1988; Karagul-Yuceer et al. 2003; Ong and Acree 1999; Pino and Mesa 2006)
9 / 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)furanone (Sotolone) / 28664-35-9 / 83, 55, 128, 129 / 0.000010 – 0.000014 (Blank et al. 1992; Christlbauer 2006) / 0.30 - 20
(Czerny et al. 2008; Kerler and Grosch 1996; Semmelroch et al. 1995; Zeller and Rychlik 2006)
10 / -Undecalactone / 104-67-6 / 85, 57 / 0.00012
(Christlbauer 2006) / 2.1 - 410
(Czerny et al. 2008; Greger 2007; Keith and Powers 1968; Pino and Mesa 2006)
11 / 2H-Chromen-2-one (Coumarin) / 91-64-5 / 118, 146, 89, 63 / - / 25 -250
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1978; Cartwright and Kelley 1952; Masanetz and Grosch 1998)
12 / 3-Methylindole (Skatole) / 83-34-1 / 130, 131, 103, 77 / 0,000020
(Christlbauer 2006) / 0.13 – 3.0
(Audouin et al. 2001; R. G. Buttery et al. 1997; Czerny et al. 2008; Heiler and Schieberle 1997; Karagul-Yuceer et al. 2003)
13 / 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (Vanillin) / 121-33-5 / 151, 152, 123, 81 / 0.00032 - 0.00085
(Blank et al. 1989; Blank et al. 1992; Christlbauer 2006) / 25 – 1200
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1997; Czerny et al. 2008; Ong and Acree 1999; Schuh and Schieberle 2006; Semmelroch et al. 1995; Zeller and Rychlik 2007)
14 / 5-Androst-16-en-3-one (Androstenone) / 18339-16-7 / - / 0.0021
(Amoore 1977) / 0.18
(Amoore 1977)
Odorants that were only present in the minority of solvent extracts of native human urine
1 / Butan-2,3-dione (Diacetyl) / 431-03-8 / - / 0.00026 – 0.014
(Christlbauer 2006; Blank et al. 1992; Hall and Andersson 1983) / 1.0 – 6.5
(Czerny et al. 2008; R. G. Buttery et al. 1997; R. Buttery and Ling 1995; C. Milo 1995; Mulders 1973)
2 / Oct-1-en-3-one / 4312-99-6 / - / 0.000020 - 0.00010
(Christlbauer 2006; Koszinowski and Piringer 1986) / 0.0050 – 4.0
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1978; Czerny et al. 2008; R. G. Buttery et al. 1997; C. Milo 1995; Pyysalo and Suihko 1976)
3 / Dimethyl trisulfide / 3658-80-8 / 126, 79 / 0.000077
(Blank et al. 1989) / 0.0060 – 0.016
(R. G. Buttery et al. 1997; Czerny et al. 2008; Hansen et al. 1992; C. Milo 1995; C Milo and Grosch 1996)
4 / 5-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone (Abhexone) / 698-10-2 / - / 0.0000028
(Blank et al. 1992) / 7.5 – 500
(Semmelroch et al. 1995; Pittet et al. 1970)
5 / 7-Methoxychromen-2-one (7-Methoxycoumarin) / 531-59-9 / - / - / -
6 / Androsta-4,16-dien-3-one (Androstadienone) / 794-58-9 / - / - / -
Footnotes to Table 3
a) Numbering refers to Figure 2a and 2b (supplementary material) and Table 1.
b) Chemical abstracts service number
c) Main MS-EI fragments as obtained in our experiments. Fragments are listed according to their relative height.
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