Unit 7 The Twentieth Century Since 1945 (1945-present)
Section 1: The Cold War Balance of Power
Key Terms and People
· Iron Curtain
· Satellite
· NATO
· Warsaw Pact
· Containment
· Cold War
· Nonaligned nation
Describe the government set up by the Allies in Germany after WWII
List two effects the Germany’s experience in the Holocaust had on its later development
1.
2.
How was the Japanese government after WWII different from the Japanese government that had existed before and during the war?
The Cold War
What were the fundamental differences between the two competing superpowers in the Cold War?
Why are the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan responses to Soviet expansion in Europe? Do they contribute to the peace or create more tension? Why?
What was the cause of the Berlin Airlift? What was its effect on Germany?
Why were NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw Pact formed?
What happened when countries wanted to be free of Soviet control? Give two examples.
How did the Cold war lead to and arms race?
Conflict: How did the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union involve other nations around the world?
Region/Country / Key Conflicts / Key People / How Cold War influenced eventsEast Asia
· Korean War
· Vietnam War
Middle East
· Arab States and Israel
· Iran and Iraq
Africa
· Congo
· Angola
Latin America
· Cuba
· Central America
Unit 2: Economic Issues in the Post War Era
Key People and Terms
· Developed Nation
· Developing Nation
· Mixed Economy
· Common Market
· European Union
· Zaibatsu
· balance of trade
· OPEC
Market Economies (Capitalism) and Command Economies (Communism)
Economic systems are defined by three things: Who owns what; who makes the decisions and how are goods and services to be distributed. Answer these questions for each.
Capitalism:
Communism:
What is free trade and how could it benefit poorer nations?
Describe three economic problems that developing nations of Latin America face.
Briefly list and explain five obstacles to progress in Africa.
How did the nations of Western Europe use economic cooperation to improve their economy? Give examples
List and describe the top two reasons why you think that the Japanese economy was successful after WWII.
How has worldwide demand for oil changed the balance of power in the Middle East?
How has the global economy changed since 1945?
Section 3: Chinese Communist Revolution
Key People and Terms
· Mao Zedong
· Deng Xiaoping
· Cultural Revolution
· Great Leap Forward
· Tiananmen Square
Why were Mao and the Communists victorious over Jiang and the Nationalists in China’s Civil War? (List Reason #1)
What did Communists want to transform China into?
Program / The Great Leap Forward / The Cultural RevolutionGoals
Methods
Results
Communism under Deng Xiaoping
How did Deng change the Economy?
What were the Four Modernizations?
What was the significance of the Tiananmen Square uprising?
Unit 5: Collapse of European Imperialism
Identify the Significance of or define the following:
§ Mohandas Gandhi (passive resistance)
§ Jawaharlal Nehru
§ Caste System
§ Nonalignment
Why did Great Britain grant India independence?
What are the two dominant ethnic groups in India?
How did the British attempt to solve this ethnic division?
What sort of government does India have?
Why did India follow a policy of nonalignment?
Where is the caste system still the strongest?
Independent Nations in Africa
How did WWII increase the desire for Indian Independence?
1.
2.
3.
Who is Kwame Nkrumah?
Jomo Kenyatta?
Africa still has many economic links from colonialism: Describe each of the following
1. trade patterns
2. exports
3. manufactured goods
Ethnic tensions in Africa
How did borders drawn by colonial powers eventually contribute to civil war in Africa?
Give some examples of Apartheid in South Africa
What was the purpose of the ANC?
Conflicts and Change in the Middle East
Key People and Terms
· Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
· Yasir Arafat
· Camp David Accords
· Anwar Sadat
· Ayatollah Khomeini
· Saddam Hussein
· Persian Gulf War
· Islamic Fundamentalism
· Balfour Declaration
What impact has geography had on the culture and history of the Middle East? (Two specific natural resources)
How has diversity of the Middle East affected its recent history?
Look at the map on page 310 of the review book. What countries border Israel? What effect does Israel’s location have on its relationship with is neighbors?
How was the Iranian revolution an example of an Islamic fundamentalist revolution?
What was the primary cause of the Persian Gulf War?
Describe how Islamic fundamentalism has affected the Middle East.
What factors have contributed to conflict in the Middle East?
Review the Forces Shaping the Middle East chart.
What two forces are the greatest advantages for the Middle East and Why?
Disadvantages?
Section 6: Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union
Key People and Terms
· Détente
· Mikhail Gorbachev
What event brought détente to an end?
Describe Perestroika
Glasnost
How did Gorbachev’s policies lead to the Breakup of the Soviet Union?
What effect did Gorbachev’s reforms have on Eastern Europe?
Who led the movement for Polish Independence?
Why is the fall of the Berlin Wall considered a significant event?
Give examples of how the fall of the Soviet Union led to the rise of ethnic tensions throughout Eastern Europe