DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS DIVISION 5
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES METALS
DIVISION 5
METALS
Division 5 of the Carnegie Mellon University Design and Construction Standards Manual addresses the metals standards related to University projects.
05120 STRUCTURAL STEEL
05210 STEEL JOISTS
05300 METAL DECKING
05500 MISCELLANEOUS METALS
05510 METAL STAIRS
05720 HANDRAILS AND RAILINGS
December 1998 P. 5-5
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS DIVISION 5
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES METALS
05120 STRUCTURAL STEEL
Structural steel work is defined in the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) “Code of Standard Practice.”
Structural steel shall comply with the following:
• AISC “Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges”
• AISC “Specifications for Structural Steel Buildings,” including “Commentary”
• “Specifications for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts” approved by the Research Council on Structural Connections
• American Welding Society (AWS) D1.1 “Structural Welding Code - Steel”
• ASTM A 6, “General Requirements for Delivery of Rolled Steel Plates, Shapes, Sheet Piling, and Bars for Structural Use”
• ASTM A 36, “Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars”
• ASTM A 500, “Grade B Cold-Formed Steel Tubing”
• ASTM A 501, “Hot-Formed Steel Tubing”
• ASTM A 307, “Anchor Bolts”
• ASTM C 150, “Type I or Type III, Cement Grout”
The Contractor shall coordinate the type of fireproofing to be used with structural steel primers. Some fireproofing materials cannot be easily or economically applied to painted surfaces and some Underwriter’s Laboratories, Inc. (UL) fireproofing designs do not permit primed steel.
Structural steel field testing shall be conducted in accordance with Division 1, Section 01410 Testing and Laboratory Services.
05210 STEEL JOISTS
Types of steel joists and joist girders are as follows:
• K-Series, open-web steel joists
• LH-Series, long-span steel joists
• DLH-Series, deep long-span steel joists
• Joist girders
Steel joist and joist girders shall comply with the following requirements:
• Steel Joist Institute (SJI), for steel chord and web sections
• ASTM A 36, for steel-bearing plates
• ASTM A 307, Grade A, for unfinished threaded fasteners, low carbon steel
• UL, for fire resistance ratings
Fireproofing of joists may not be economical because providing adequate coverage over the joist members is sometimes difficult. The Contractor shall ensure the compatibility of the selected fireproofing material with the steel joist primer. Some fireproofing materials cannot be easily or economically applied to painted surfaces and some UL fireproofing designs do not permit primed steel.
05300 METAL DECKING
Metal decking shall include the following types:
• Steel roof deck
• Acoustical steel roof deck
• Long-span steel roof deck
• Long-span cellular steel roof deck
• Noncomposite cellular metal floor deck with electrical distribution
• Noncomposite steel form deck
• Noncomposite vented steel form deck
Composite metal decking is not permitted for work at the University. Metal decking may be used as framework only and may be left in place. The Contractor shall not rely on metal decking as a structural component in structural concrete slab construction.
Metal decking shall comply with the following:
• Steel Deck Institiute (SDI) “Design Manual”
• American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) “Specification for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members”
• American Welding Society (AWS) D1.1 “Structural Welding Code - Steel” and AWS D1.3 “Structural Welding Code - Sheet Steel”
• UL “Fire Resistance Directory”
• UL 209 and “Electrical Construction Naturals Directory”
All floor decking shall be galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 525 (ASTM A 525M). The Contractor shall repair damaged galvanized coatings with galvanized repair paint according to ASTM A 780.
The Contractor shall provide additional reinforcement and closure pieces at openings as required for strength, continuity of decking, and support of other work.
05500 MISCELLANEOUS METALS
Miscellaneous metals typically include items of steel, and sometimes aluminum, that are not specified as part of the building structure or part of ornamental metal sections. To avoid change orders, the scope of miscellaneous metals shall be carefully reviewed and itemized prior to issuing the Contract documents.
Miscellaneous metal work shall be carefully reviewed to identify all items that should be galvanized and all items that should be shop-primed and shop-finished. In general, all exterior ferrous metal items should be galvanized.
Handrails, guardrails, and woodwork in historic buildings are subject to close scrutiny in design details, finishes, and authenticity and must therefore be reviewed by the University Project Manager.
05510 METAL STAIRS
The Design Consultant shall provide adequate details and graphic information to define specific relationships of all components of metal stairs, including handrails.
Metal stair construction shall comply with the following standards:
• National Association of Architectural Metals Manufacturers (NAAMM)
• ASTM A 36/A 36M “Specification For Structural Steel”
• AWS D1.1 “Structural Welding Code - Steel,” AWS D1.3 “Structural Welding Code - Sheet Steel”
All metal stairs shall be shop-primed with a fast-curing, lead- and chromate-free universal modified primer complying with Federal Specification (FS) TT-P-664.
Treads may be either precast, fabricated, or poured in place.
All tread units must have abrasive non-slip nosings.
05720 HANDRAILS AND RAILINGS
This section addresses aluminum and steel handrails and railing systems that are the preferred materials for University projects.
The Design Consultant shall comply with all codes as well as ADA requirements to determine handrail and railing size and spacing. Where code requirements require higher and/or larger railings, the design shall be supplemented with smaller and lower handrails that meet accessibility or graspability requirements.
All handrail and railing design shall conform to ASTM E 985 for structural performance and the following:
• Aluminum: Aluminum Association (AA) “Specifications for Aluminum Structures”
• Cold-Formed Structural Steel: AISI “Specifications for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members”
Responsibility for engineering shall not be left entirely to the manufacturer. The Design Consultant must design a railing that can be built as required without major changes in appearance.
Allowance shall be made for thermal movement resulting from change in ambient temperature in engineering, fabricating, and installing handrails and railing systems to prevent buckling, open joints, overstressing of components and connections, and other detrimental effects.
Handrails shall be either oval or round. Rectangular cross sections are not acceptable on University projects.
Handrails shall not terminate with open ends. They shall return to a wall or, in the event of an isolated center rail, to a post.
Where railings change directions, the corner radius shall be made as large as possible.
Where end caps or post caps are required, they must be permanently attached by welding with rivets or with vandal-proof screws.
Steel handrails shall be shop-primed with a fast-curing lead- and chromate-free universal modified-alloyed primer that complies with the performance requirements of FS TT-P-664 and is compatible with finish paint systems.
The shop primer for galvanized steel shall be zinc dust, zinc-oxide primer formulated for priming zinc-coated steel and for compatibility with finish paint systems. The shop primer shall comply with Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC) Paint 5.
Handrail supports or posts shall be grouted with nonshrink, nonmetallic grout that is premixed, factory packaged, nonstaining, noncorrosive, and nongaseous. Handrail supports or posts must comply with ASTM C 1107. The Contractor shall provide grout recommended by the manufacturer for interior and exterior applications.
Interior Handrails
For renovation projects and historical buildings, the handrail design shall be compatible with the existing conditions and must be approved by the University Project Manager.
Exterior Handrails
Exterior steel handrails must be hot-dip galvanized steel.
Certain exterior areas on campus have specific designated handrail and railing types that must be maintained. Identification and verification of each condition must be made by the Design Consultant and subsequently approved by the University Project Manager before finalizing exterior handrail and railing system designs.
December 1998 P. 5-5