The Diagram Shows the Position of Earth (E) Now

Question 1

The diagram shows the position of Earth (E) now.

Where will Earth be in six months?

A. near position 1

B. near position 2

C. near position 3

D. near position 4

Question 2

A class was learning about the pattern of day and night on Earth.

What part of Earth experiences night at the same time?

A. less than

B. about

C. about

D. almost all

Question 3

About how much of Earth’s surface is covered by oceans?

A. less than 20%

B. about 50%

C. about 70%

D. more than 90%

Question 4

What causes day and night on Earth?

A. tilting of Earth’s axis

B. rotation of Earth on its axis

C. movement of Earth around the sun

D. movement of the sun around Earth

Question 5

Which number in the diagram represents Earth?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Question 6

Which motion causes the pattern of day and night on Earth?

A. Earth rotates on its axis

B. Earth orbits around the sun

C. the moon rotates on its axis

D. the moon orbits around Earth

Question 7

From Earth, we see the sun in the day sky and other stars in the night sky. Nighttime stars look like tiny points of light.

Which statement explains why nighttime stars appear so much smaller than the sun?

A. The stars are much smaller.

B. The sky is much darker at night.

C. The stars are much farther away.

D. The moon blocks out most starlight.

Question 8

Which diagram correctly shows the orbits of Earth (E) and the moon (M) around the sun (S)?

Question 9

The diagram below shows the process of how trees are made into paper. It also shows two ways to dispose of used paper.

In your Answer Document, describe two ways that recycling paper conserves Earth’s resources. Use the information in the diagram to support your answer. (2 points)

Question 10

What is the role of decomposers in a food web?

A. Decomposers use sunlight to make food.

B. Decomposers are a food source for plants.

C. Decomposers break down dead plants and animals.

D. Decomposers only eat plants that grow underground.

Question 11

A scientist studies the diets of some animals living in a forest in Ohio. She records her results in the following table.

Which food chain shows one way that energy flows between these organisms?

A. grass → mouse → squirrel → fox

B. fox → squirrel → grasshopper → fruit

C. leaves → grasshopper → mouse → fox

D. fruit → squirrel → acorns → grasshopper

Question 12

Which organism is a decomposer?

A. frog

B. worm

C. oak tree

D. grasshopper

Question 13

Earthworms live underground in the soil. As they move through the soil, they create tunnels. The tunnels help improve the soil. Plants grow better in soil that has earthworms.

Which statement explains how earthworm tunnels help plants?

A. Earthworm tunnels bring heat into the soil that warms plant roots.

B. Earthworm tunnels loosen the soil so plant roots can easily grow.

C. Earthworm tunnels allow sunlight to reach the plant roots in the soil.

D. Earthworm tunnels create places where insects can hide and protect plant roots.

Use the following information to answer questions 14-15.

The picture shows a pond ecosystem. Many plants and animals live in and around the pond.

Question 14

One year the pond dried up.

Which organism in the pond ecosystem was still able to take in oxygen?

A. Turtle

B. Trout

C. Sunfish

D. Tadpole

Question 15

In the winter, the pond starts to freeze. The ducks leave the pond. They migrate to warmer climates.

Which statement explains one reason why ducks migrate?

A. The ducks have too many enemies.

B. The ducks have difficulty finding food.

C. The ducks have to lay eggs near water.

D. The ducks have too few places to hibernate.

Question 16

In a forest, how do decomposers help other organisms survive?

A. They release oxygen into the air that animals breathe.

B. They put nutrients into the soil that plants use to grow.

C. They provide shelter in forests where animals can hide.

D. They use sunlight to make food for plants and animals.

Use the following table to answer questions 17-18.

Some Animals Found in Ohio

A student created this table for a report on animals that can be found in Ohio.

Question 17

Student A studies the potato beetle. He concludes that all animals that lay eggs only live in crop fields.

Student B notes that the red-tailed hawk lays eggs. It lives in both grasslands and crop fields.

What should student A do with his own conclusion?

A. Keep the conclusion. The new data confirm it.

B. Keep the conclusion. The new data are not related to it.

C. Revise the conclusion. Collect more data about animals that live in crop fields.

D. Revise the conclusion. Collect more data about habitats of animals that lay eggs.

Use the following table to answer questions 17-18.

Some Animals Found in Ohio

A student created this table for a report on animals that can be found in Ohio.

Question 18

In your Answer Document, describe two ways that a forest fire would affect the black bear. (2 points)

Question 19

A student has a glass of water as shown. She takes an ice cube from the freezer. She puts the ice cube into the water.

Which explains the change that happens?

A. The ice cube melts because cold flows out of the ice cube to the water.

B. The ice cube does not melt because cold flows into the ice cube from the water.

C. The ice cube melts because thermal energy transfers to the ice cube from the water.

D. The ice cube does not melt because thermal energy transfers from the ice cube to the water.

Question 20

Two Investigations

Students conduct investigations with solids and liquids over several days.

Day 1 Investigation

Students pour vinegar into a beaker. They add a spoonful of baking soda to the vinegar. They observe bubbles. The bubbles stop when the baking soda is no longer visible.

Day 2 Investigation

Students pour water into a beaker. They add a cube of frozen water (ice). They observe that the water level changes to 500 mL. After a few minutes, the cube begins to melt. When the cube melts, the water level does not change.

Look at the investigation from day 2.

Why does the ice cube melt?

A. The ice transfers cold to the water.

B. The water transfers cold to the ice.

C. The ice transfers thermal energy to the water.

D. The water transfers thermal energy to the ice.

Question 21

Three metal cubes are heated to the temperatures shown and placed in contact with one another on a nonconducting surface. The picture below shows the cubes next to one another and their temperatures.

In which direction does thermal energy begin to flow between the metal cubes?

Question 23

Which electric circuit produces light?

Question 24

A student wraps a wire around an iron nail. The student then connects the wire to a battery. The nail attracts another nail and they stick together.

What force holds the two nails together?

A. gravitational force

B. magnetic force

C. electric force

D. friction force

Question 25

A student connects a bulb to a battery as shown, but the light produced is dim.

Which diagram shows how a second battery can be connected to make the bulb brighter?

Question 26

An air hose extends above and below the surface of the water.

Which statement explains why the air hose looks broken at the surface of the water?

A. Light is refracted as it moves from air to water.

B. Light is reflected as it moves from air to water.

C. Light is absorbed as it moves from air to water.

D. Light is destroyed as it moves from air to water.

Use the following investigation to answer questions 27-31.

Model Telephone Investigation

Two students want to find out what affects the sounds heard through model telephones. They investigate the materials used and the tightness of the material connecting the cups.

Their first three setups are shown. They use the same length of string or wire in each setup. The boy repeats the same sounds at the same volume for each setup.

They record results of the three setups in the table.

Question 27

Look at the picture and the table for the Model Telephone Investigation.

In your Answer Document, explain why the sound was heard in setup 1.

Then, describe what happened to the sound energy in setup 2. (2 points)

Question 28

The sound in setup 3 was clearer than the sound in setup 1.

Which statement explains why?

A. String creates an echo.

B. String vibrates more than wire.

C. Wire is used for real telephones.

D. Wire transmits sound better than string.

Question 29

The two students want classmates to repeat the investigation so that they can compare results.

What should the students communicate so that results may be compared?

A. materials and steps used in the investigation

B. conclusions about results from the investigation

C. where they got the idea for making model telephones

D. where to purchase the materials for model telephones

Question 30

Which variable changed between setup 1 and setup 2?

A. the type of cups used

B. the number of cups used

C. the tightness of the string

D. the thickness of the string

Question 31

Two other students investigate model telephones made with paper and plastic cups. They find that sound is transmitted better using plastic cups.

The class wants to make a model telephone that makes the best sound possible. They use the results of both investigations.

Which setup should they use?

A. plastic cups and tight string

B. paper cups and tight string

C. plastic cups and tight wire

D. paper cups and tight wire

Question 32

Students pluck each rubber band on the instrument shown below.

Which rubber band produces a sound with the highest pitch?

A. rubber band A

B. rubber band B

C. rubber band C

D. rubber band D

Question 33

A student plays his trumpet on the stage of an empty auditorium. He hears the sound echo back to the stage. Later, the auditorium is full of people. He does not hear an echo.

In your Answer Document , explain why sound echoes in an empty auditorium.

Then, describe what happens to the sound that prevents an echo from being heard in the full auditorium. (2 points)

Question 34

What causes a blue block to appear blue in the sunlight?

A. The block absorbs all blue light.

B. The block bends (refracts) all blue light.

C. Only blue light is reflected by the block.

D. Only blue light passes through the block.

Question 35

A student observes and measures how long it takes a train to go around equal parts of a track. The student records the observations in the table below.

Another student plans to use the same train set and repeat these observations. What information is missing from the table that would make it difficult for the second student to repeat these observations and compare their data?

A. the shape of the track

B. the unit of measurement

C. the model of electric train

D. the date of the observations

Question 36

Students build the complete circuit shown to create a noise with a buzzer.

After building the circuit, the students close the switch, but the buzzer does not buzz.

In your Answer Document, describe two possible reasons the buzzer does not work in the circuit. For each possible reason, describe a way that the students could test whether the suggested reason is the cause of the buzzer not working. (4 points)

5th Grade OAT Items Created by Brice Harris, TCESC. Dec 2009