Terminology of Developmental Abnormalities in Common Laboratory Mammals (Version 2)

Terminology of Developmental Abnormalities in Common Laboratory Mammals (Version 2)

Skeletal Abnormalities – 27-Jul-2006 draft

Region / Organ / Structure / Observation / Code Number / Synonym or Related Term / Non-preferred Term / Definition / Note /
Skull, General / Acrania / 10402 / Absence of the calvarium and variably other bones comprising the braincase
Craniofenestria / 10403 / Multiple unossified area(s) of the skull / The incomplete ossification of the bones of the cranial vault such that the calvarium appears fenestrated
Craniostenosis / 10404 / Narrowed cranium
Supernumerary ossification site / 10406 / Bone island, Supernumerary intramembranous skull bone / Isolated site of ossification
Generalized incomplete ossification / New
Skull, sutures / Sutural bone / New / Bone island, Supernumerary bone, Fontanellar bone, Isolated bone, Suture bone / Any supernumerary bone occurring in a cranial suture
Craniosynostosis / New / Fused cranial sutures / Premature closure of cranial sutures with fusion of bone, resulting in small maldeveloped skull / Used to describe multiple skull bone fusions
Sutures / Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Supernumerary / New
Wide / New
Fontanelle / Large / 10405 / Wide
Small
Skull / Alisphenoid / Absent / 10407
Fused / 10409
Hole / 10408 / Should not be confused with unossified areas
Incomplete ossification / 10410
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10411
Small / 10412
Unossified / 10413
Unossified area / New
Skull / Auditory ossicles (incus, malleus, stapes) / Absent / 10414
Fused / 10415
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10416
Small / New
Unossified / 10417
Skull / Basioccipital / Absent / 10418
Fused / 10420
Hole / 10419 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10421
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10422
Short / New
Small / 10423
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unossified / 10424
Unossified area / New
Skull / Basisphenoid / Absent / 10425
Fused / 10427
Hole / 10426 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10428
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10429
Small / 10430
Splayed pterygoid processes / New
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unossified / 10431
Unossified area / New
Skull / Exoccipital / Absent / 10432
Fused / 10434
Hole / 10433 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10435
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10436
Small / 10437
Skull - continued / Exoccipital / Unossified / 10438
Unossified area / New
Skull / Frontal / Absent / 10439
Fused / 10441
Hole / 10440 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10442
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misaligned / New
Misshapen / 10443
Short / New
Small / 10444
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unossified / 10445
Unossified area / New
Unossified line / New
Skull / Hyoid body, greater horn, or lesser horn / Absent / 10446
Bent / 10447 / Ala(e) angulated
Bipartite ossification / New
Incomplete ossification / 10448
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10449
Short / New
Small / 10450
Split / New
Unossified / 10451 / Ala(e) or body
Skull / Interparietal / Absent / 10452
Fused / 10454
Hole / 10456 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10455
Increased ossification / New
Skull – continued / Interparietal / Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10457
Small / 10458
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unossified / 10459
Unossified area / New
Unossified line / New
Skull / Lacrimal / Absent / 10460
Fused / 10461
Incomplete ossification / 10462
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10463
Small / 10464
Unossified / 10465
Skull / Mandible / Absent / 10466
Bent / New
Fused / 10467
Hole / New / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10468
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misaligned / New
Misshapen / 10469
Single incisor socket / New / Fused incisor sockets / One incisor socket absent
Short / New
Small / 10470
Splayed / New / Widespread
Thick / New
Thin / New
Unossified / 10471
Skull / Maxilla / Absent / 10472
Fused / 10473
Hole / New / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10474
Skull - continued / Maxilla / Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10475
Short / New
Small / 10476
Unossified / 10477
Unossified area / New
Skull / Medial pterygoid plate / Absent / New
Misshapen / New
Small / New
Unossified / New
Skull / Nasal / Absent / 10478
Fused / 10479
Hole / 10482 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10480
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misaligned / New
Misshapen / 10481
Short / New
Small / 10483
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unossified / 10484
Uunossified area / New
Unossified line / New
Skull / Palatine / Absent / 10485
Fused / 10486
Hole / New / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10487
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misaligned / New
Misshapen / 10488
Short / New
Small / 10489
Split / 10490 / Cleft palate
Unossified / 10491
Skull – continued / Palatine / Unossified area / New
Skull / Parietal / Absent / 10492
Fused / 10493
Hole / 10496 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10494
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misaligned / New
Misshapen / 10495
Small / 10497
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unossified / 10498
Unossified area / New
Unossified line / New
Skull / Premaxilla / Absent / 10499 / Bone may be called incisive
Fused / 10500
Hole / 10503 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10501
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10502
Short / New
Small / 10504
Unossified / 10505
Unossified area / New
Skull / Presphenoid / Absent / 10506
Fused / 10507
Hole / 10510 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10508
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10509
Small / 10511
Skull – continued / Presphenoid / Unossified / 10512
Unossified area / New
Skull / Squamosal (squamosal part of temporal bone; retro-tympanic process may be described separately) / Absent / 10513
Fused / 10514
Hole / 10518 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10515
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10516
Small / 10517
Unossified / 10519
Unossified area / New
Skull / Supraoccipital / Absent / 10520
Bent / New / Protruding
Bipartite ossification / 10521
Fused / 10522
Hole / 10526 / Should not be confused with unossified area
Incomplete ossification / 10523
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10524
Small / 10525
Split / New / Should not be confused with unossified line
Unilateral ossification / New
Unossified / 10527
Unossified area / New
Unossified line / New
Skull / Tympanic annulus / Absent / 10528
Fused / 10529
Incomplete ossification / 10530
Increased ossification / New
Interupted / New
Skull – continued / Tympanic annulus / Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10531
Small / 10532
Unossified / 10533
Skull / Vomer / Absent / 10534
Fused / 10535
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10537
Small / 10538
Skull / Zygomatic arch : maxillary process, squamosal process, zygomatic (may be called jugal or malar) / Absent / 20540
Fused / 20541
Incomplete ossification / 20542
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 20543
Short / New
Small / 20544
Unossified / 20545
Unossified area / New
Clavicle / Clavicle / Absent / 10546
Bent / 10547
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to clavicle.
Fused / New
Incomplete ossification / 10548
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10549
Short / New
Small / 10550
Thick / 10551 / May be generalized or localized
Clavicle – continued / Clavicle / Thin / New
Unossified / 10552
Scapula / Scapula (blade and spine may be described separately) / Absent / 10553
Bent / 10554
Branched / New
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to scapula
Incomplete ossification / 10555
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / New
Misshapen / 10556
Small / New
Thick / 10557
Unossified / 10558
Forelimb / Humerus (deltoid tuberosity may be described separately) / Absent / 10559
Bent / 10560
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to humerus
Fused / 10561
Incomplete ossification / 10562
Increased ossification / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / 10563
Misshapen / 10564
Short / 10565
Thick / 10566 / May be generalized or localized
Thin / New / May be generalized or localized
Unossified / 10567
Forelimb / Radius / Absent / 10568 / Radial hemimelia
Bent / 10569
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to radius
Fused / 10570
Incomplete ossification / 10571
Increased ossification / New
Long / New
Forelimb – continued / Radius / Malpositioned / 10572
Misshapen / 10573
Short / 10574
Short / 10574
Thick / 10575 / May be generalized or localized
Thin / New / May be generalized or localized
Unossified / 10576
Forelimb / Ulna / Absent / 10577 / Ulnar hemimelia
Bent / 10578
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to ulna
Fused / 10579
Incomplete ossification / 10580
Increased ossification / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / 10581
Misshapen / 10582
Short / 10583
Thick / 10584 / May be generalized or localized
Thin / New / May be generalized or localized
Unossified / 10585
Forelimb / Carpal bone / Absent / 10586
Bent / New
Fused / 10587
Incomplete ossification / 10588
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Malpositioned / 10589
Misshapen / 10590
Small / 10591
Supernumerary / 10592
Thick / New
Unossified / 10593
Forelimb / Metacarpal / Absent / 10594
Bent / New
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to metacarpal
Fused / 10595
Forelimb – continued / Metacarpal / Incomplete ossification / 10596
Forelimb – continued / Radius / Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / 10597
Misshapen / 10598
Short / New
Small / 10599
Supernumerary / 10600
Thick / New
Thin / New
Unossified / 10601
Forelimb / Forepaw phalanx / Absent / 10602
Bent / New
Extra site / New / Additional, Bone island / Specify bone (ossification site/center) or cartilage.
May be fused to phalanx
Fused / 10603
Incomplete ossification / 10604
Increased ossification / New
Large / New
Long / New
Malpositioned / 10605
Misshapen / 10606
Short / New
Small / 10607
Supernumerary / 10608
Thick / 10609
Thin / New
Unossified / 10610
Sternebra / Sternebra / Absent / 10611
Asymmetric ossification / New
Branched / New / Usually applicable to sternebra 1 and/or 6
Bipartite ossification / 10612
Dumbbell ossification / New
Extra ossification site / 10613 / Additional / Supernumerary / Usually refers to advanced ossification between sternebral centers
Fused / 10614
Hemisternebra / New / Unilateral ossification of a sternebra
Incomplete ossification / 10615 / Fragmented ossification
Increased ossification / New
Sternebra – continued / Sternebra / Long / New / Should not be confused with increased ossification of sternebra
Malpositioned / 10616
Misaligned / 10617 / Checkerboard / Misaligned sternebral hemicenters
Misshapen / 10618
Short / New / Should not be confused with incomplete ossification of sternebra
Split / New / Split sternal cartilage
Supernumerary / New / May be associated with increased number of thoracic vertebrae and/or ribs
Unossified / 10620
Wide / New
Sternum / Sternum / Bent / New
Duplicate
Long / New
Shifted / New / Malpositioned / Sternebrae located one position higher or lower, relative to ribs/vertebrae
Short / New
Split / 10619 / Sternoschisis