Table of Contents s58

ALMAG-02

Table of contents

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………...2
The types of magnetic field generated by the device……………………………2
Magnetic field effect on human organism …..…………………………………….5
Indication for application …………………………………………………………….6
Contraindications ………………….……………………………………………...... 9
ALMAG -02 treatment general principles …………………………………………9
The order of operation ………………………………………………………………10
ALMAG-02 magneto-therapy particular techniques …………….……………….11

Introduction

Medical possibilities of modern medicine are great and especially it concerns medicinal preparations. But you should not forget, that the medical preparations have not only positive effect but can do harm to an organism in the form of side-effects. So there is the urgency of development and application of non medicamentous methods in treatment which in a combination with the existing schemes of medicinal treatment, allow to reduce a dose of medical prepations or to refuse them completely , without spoiling results of treatment.. One of perspective non medicamentous methods of treatment is the magnetotherapy in general and a pulse magnetotherapy, in particular. It is proved, that the pulsed magnetic field possesses the greatest medical efficiency for the considerable number of diseases. ALMAG - 02 is the magneto-thrapeutic device (hereinafer - the device) with the help of low-frequency, low intensity pulses magnetic field.

The device is intended to treat patients with acute and chronic internal bodies diseases , diseases of central and peripheral nervous system, loco-motor system traumas and postoperative complications with pulsed traveling, low intensity magnetic field. The concept "traveling " means, that the magnetic field moves in space, being consistently formed in a separate inductors line (one after another) or in several lines of fixed inductors, but always in strict sequence, that conventionally called as "traveling" field.

Types of magnetic field generated by the device

The device generates pulsed magnetic field of two types - «traveling» and «fixed».

Traveling magnetic field

Basic emitter

“Traveling” magnetic field has three scanning types in the basis emitter.

- «traveling horizontal» - simultaneous excitation of all coil-inductors in one stripe-line with the following unidirectional excitation of all coil-inductors the neighbour stripe-line under the cyclic law; the cycle for the scanning of this type makes four "step" excitation of coil-inductor lines (according to the numbers of stripe-lines in the emitter);

Working surface

«Traveling horizontal», magnetic field polarity from the side directed to you is “N” north one:

а) magnetic field direction – up-down

b) magnetic field direction – down-up

а) b)

Traveling horizontal, magnetic field polarity from the side directed to you – the south one (polarity marking - S).

a) magnetic field direction – up-down

b) magnetic field direction – down-up

«Traveling vertical» -simultaneous excitation of the same name coil-inductors in all stripe-lines with the following unidirectional excitation of the neighbour coil-inductors under the cyclic law, a cycle for the scanning of this type makes four "step" excitation of the neighbour coil-inductors (according to the number of coil-inductors in a stripe-line);

а) b)

Traveling vertical, magnetic field polarity from the side directed to you - north (the marking of polarity on the emitter`s stripe-lines – “N”)

a) magnetic field direction – from right to lift

b)magnetic field direction – from lift to right

а) b)

Traveling vertical, magnetic field polarity from the side directed to you – south (polarity marking –“S”)

a)magnetic field direction – from right to lift

b) magnetic field direction – from lift to right

Traveling diagonal” - sequential excitation of the coil-inductors, located diagonally with the subsequent unidirectional excitation of neighbour coil-inductors under the cyclic law; the cycle for the this type scanning makes induction seven "step" excitation (according to the number of coil-inductors excitation possible combinations.

а) b)

Traveling diagonal, magnetic field polarity from the side directed to you

a) – north (polarity marking –“N”)

b) – south (polarity marking – “S”)

Flexible emitting stripe-line

In flexible emitting stripe-line “ traveling“ field – coil-inductors excitation under the cyclic law in one direction; stripe-line cycle makes six “step” excitation of the beighbour coil-inductors (according to number of coil);

Working surface Magnetic field polarity marking

а) b)

Flexible emitting stripe-line. Magnetic field polarity from the side directed to you – north (polarity marking –“N”)

a) magnetic field direction from the right to the left;

b) magnetic field direction from the left to the right.

Note: In the device emitters pulsed magnetic field travels only in one direction and in order to change the direction of field traveling in area, it is necessary to change emitter arrangement, for example, as it is shown in fig. 4-7.

Fixed magnetic field

For each emitters type “Fixed field” presents itself

simultaneous excitation of emitters` all coil-inductors

Device pulsed magnetic field parameters and characteristics

Induction amplitude value on the emitters coil-inductors surface:

a) for “ traveling” field type:

- for basic emitter and flexible emitting stripe-line: from 2 to 25mTl.

b) for “fixed” field type:

- for basic emitter and flexible emitting stripe-line: from 2 to 6 mTl.

- for local emitter from 2 to 45 mTl.

Magnetic field pulses frequency rate:

For basic emitter and flexible emitting stripe-line:

a) for “ traveling” field type:

- from 1 pul/s to 75pul./s with induction 25mTl.;

- from 1 pul/s to 100pul./s with induction 2-20mTl.;

b) for “fixed” field type:

- from 1 pul/s to 16pul./s with induction 2-6mTl

For local emitter:

-from 1 pul/s to 50pul./s with induction 35-45mTl

- from1 pul/s to 100pul./s with induction 2-30mTl

Magnetic exposure time intervals range: from 1 to 30 min.

Exposure programs (program), where magnetic field parametres and characteristics as well as exposure time are set for definite emitters , are stored with identification numbers in memory of the device. Number of the corresponding program is specified in a treatment procedure.

Device provides indication of the parameters and modes as follows:

- program number;

- exposure time;

- malfunction code;

- availability of the magneto-therapeutic exposure;

- emitters activation/ de-activation;

- magnetic field generation in the emitters.

Magnetic field effect on human organism

It is determined, that magnet "clockwise" rotation and its "north" part action on biological fabric have an expressed positive effect in comparison with "south" or "counterclockwise" one.

The mechanism of magnetic fields effect on an organism is complicated enough, but in brief it can be presented as the promption of electromotive forces in fabrics, and as a result - to formation of the induced ring currents making effect on pair - and- diamagnetic molecules. At a cellular level under action of magnetic field there is a rotary moment under the influence of which a molecules arranged along the basic axes of rotary symmetry. As a result we have:

the change both of cell membranes and cell`s structures (permeability restoration, normalization of diffusive and osmotic processes in a cell and, accordingly, its electrolyte structure);

- the change of tissue electronic potential, increase of both metabolism level, oxidation-restorative processes and free radical oxidations.;

- acceleration of enzymatic reactions process and normalization of biological membranes transport properties.

- marked change in a capillary race (change of permeability, a condition of endothelium, colloid-osmotic pressure, improvement of microcirculation (nonfunctioning capillaries open).

As a result there are acceleration of reparation processes, increase of immunological reactivity (immunity cellular and humoral level),the change of changes of bradykinin systems activity.

Magnetic field makes marked normalizing effect on vegetative nervous system.

It is very important that pulsed magnetic field has considerably more expressed effect, than constant or variable ones.

Pulsed magnetic field has trace character effect. After magnetic field single exposure, human organism response lasts for 1-6 days, while the procedure courses is followed by 30-45 days` response, so there is necessity to take interval between repeated treatment procedure courses for this period.

The magnetic field freely goes through an organism tissues, clothes, plaster bandages, but rather quickly fades depending on distance and the form of inductor, that property allows to apply magnetic fields in traumatology.

The magnetic field has no thermal effect, so it is less loading, is more easy withstood by patients. Some of the patients mark "thermal" effect in a place of magnetic field exposure which is connected to an intensification of blood circulation under action of a magnetic field.

The response of various human organs and systems to a magnetic field effect is not similar. Selectivity of body response reaction depends on electric and magnetic properties of tissues, their difference in micro-circulation, intensity of metabolism and the state of neurohumoral circulation. Among organism different systems, sensitivity of nervous system to the magnetic field exposure takes the first place, then goes endocrine system, cardiovascular system, blood, muscular, digestic apparatus, excretory, respiratory and bone systems.

Magnetic field effect on nervous system is characterized by physiologic and biologic processes positive changes.

Stimulation of inhibition processes takes place resulting in the emergency of sedative effect, favorable action on sleep and emotional state.

In the hypothalamus cells there is stimulation of substance produce (releasing factors) which regulate the functions of endocrine glands resulting in restoration both of endocrine gland hormones normal work - adrenal, thyroid and pancreas gland and metabolism that favourably effects the organism general condition, the other process are stimulated as well.

Stimulation of hypothalamo-hypophysial system provokes chain reaction activating peripheral endocrine glands-targets under the influence of releasing factors , the synthesis of which is stimulated in hypothalamo- hypophysial system followed by numerous ramified metabolic reactions. When endocrine system is effected by an alternating magnetic field with the induction up to 30mTl and frequency of 50Hz, the the exposition time max.20 minutes there is the development of training reaction and inncreased activity of all branches of endocrine systems.

Stimulation of thyroid gland function is noted being exposed by a magnetic field in contrast to a inhibitory effect of many other stimuli, this considered as a precondition for magnetic complex therapy in case of its hypofunction. Showing only a slight activation at the beginning of a magnetotherapy course sympatheticoadrenal systen begins to form inhibition of peripheral -adrenoreceptors by the 7th-9th day of treatment which is of great significance in producing antistress effect.

So under the influence of magnetic field with low intensity we have evident positive effect: reduction of cerebral vessels tone, improvement of brain blood supply, activation of nitrogen and carbohydrate - phosphoric metabolism increasing brain stability to hypoxia. Under the influence of low frequency magnetic field on cervical sympathetic nodes and paretic extremities (patient sustained cerebral stroke) there is improvement of a cerebral blood flow (the data of rheovasography) and normalization of increased arterial pressure proving the magnetic field reflex action. Under the influence on suboccipital area (patients with a circulatory insufficiency invertebrobasilar system) there is evident improvement of a cerebral hemodynamics.

Pulsed magnetic field action on a collar zone results in improvement of hemodynamics and both systolic and diastolic pressure decrease up to normal state. Here we can say about possibility of cerebral hemodynamics disorder correction with different pathology conditions.

Peripheral nervous system responds to the magnetic field effect by decreased sensitivity of peripheral receptors which results in analgesic effect and improvement of conductivity function which produces a favorable effect on functional recovery of traumatized peripheral nerve ending due to accelerated axon growth, myelination and inhibition of connective tissue growth.

Under influence of a pulsed magnetic field of the same induction and frequency with its various localizations (the head, area of heart, a forearm) there is emergence of the same type reaction from the part of cardiovascular system that gives the basis to assume the reflex nature of the field action on it.

Pressure decrease in the system of deep and subcutaneous veins as well as in arteries is noted. Simultaneously, vascular tension increases, elastic properties and bioelectric resistance of vascular walls change. Hemodynamics changes, hypotensive effect in particular, is due to the development of bradycaria effect and thanks to the of contractile myocardial function. This property found its application in hypertension therapy and is applied as well for heart loading reduction.

Magnetic field produces changes in microcirculatory race of numerous tissues. At the beginning of a magnetotherapy course there is a short-term (5-15 minutes) retardation of capillary blood flow which followed by micro-circulation intensification. During and on magnetotherapy course termination there are: acceleration of capillary blood flow, improvement of contractile behavior of vascular walls and increase of vascular blood filling. The lumen of functioning components in the microcirculatory bed becomes larger, the conditions promoting the opening of preexisting capillaries, anastomoses and bypasses develop.

Under the effect of magnetic fields especially in the area of large vessels there is the emergence of hypocoagulation effect due to the activation of anticoagulative system, reduction of intravascular parietal thrombogenesis and decrease of blood viscosity through the effect produced by magnetic field of low intensity on enzymatic processes, electric and magnetic properties of blood corpuscles participating in hemocoagulation.

Under the effect of magmetic fields and injected medicinal preparations there is increase of vascular and epithelial permeability resulting in edamas accelerated resolution. Thanks to this effect magnetotherapy began to be widely used in cases of traumas, injuries and their aftereffects.

Traveling pulsed magnetic field stimulates the increase of metabolic process in the area of bone regenerative tissue (in case of bone fractures)and the esarlier development of fibro-and- osteoblasts in the regeneration zone, the process of bone substance formation is more intense even at the earlier stages.