Western Expansion
· Oregon Country (Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and parts of Montana)
o Claimed by the US, Great Britain, Russia, and Spain
o 1818, the US and Great Britain agreed to occupy it jointly. Since Spain and Russia had few settlers in the area, they dropped their claim. (especially after the Monroe Doctrine)
· Mountain Men
· Missionaries
o Marcus and Narcissa Whitman were among the 1st missionaries to reach Oregon. Narcissa was one of the 1st white women to cross the Rocky Mts.
o Why did they go to Oregon?
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o What happened to them?
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· Oregon Trail – Independence, Missouri
o Prairie Schooners
o Independence, Missouri
o Hardships -----
· Lone Star Republic
o Tejanos
o Empresarios
o Fight for Independence
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o Annexing Texas
· Manifest Destiny
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· New Mexico Territory and California
o Santa Fe Trail
· Election of 1844 – James Polk
· Mexican War
· Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; Gadsden Purchase
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· Mormons
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· Gold Rush
o Sutter’s Mill –
o Forty-niners
· California admitted as a state.
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Western Expansion,
The Reform Movement,
And
Two Ways of Life
The Reform Movement
· American Colonization Society – wanted to set up a colony in Africa for Free Blacks. In 1822, President Monroe helped them establish Liberia.
· Abolition movement
o Abolition – to end something (like slavery)
o Freedom’s Journal – antislavery newspaper by Samuel Cornish and John Russwurm
o Frederick Douglass –
o William Lloyd Garrison –
o Underground Railroad –
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§ Harriet Tubman
o Nat Turner’s Revolt
· Women’s Rights Movement –
o Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
o Grimke Sisters
o Sojourner Truth
o Susan B. Anthony
o Seneca Falls Convention
o Emma Willard and Mary Lyon established Mount Holyoke in 1837 (Massachusetts). It was the 1st women’s college in America.
o Elizabeth Blackwell – 1st Female ________________
o Dorothea Dix – tried to improve care for mentally ill and prison reform
· Education Movement –
o Horace Mann
o Reverend Thomas Gallaudet set up a school for the deaf in Hartford, CT.
o Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe directed 1st school for the blind and he invented Braille.
· Temperance Movement – campaign against drinking
o Several states banned the sale of alcohol.