Name ______
Objective – Identify features of comets, meteors, and asteroids.
Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors Test
1. A comet is also known as a…
a. a grain of sand. c. dirty snowball.
b. rock less than 50 feet in diameter. d. dwarf planet.
2. A “shooting star” is actually a/an…
a. Asteroid c. Meteor
b. Comet
3. Comets are made of…
a. A mixture of ices, rocks, and dust c. Rock only
b. Ice only d. Methane and chlorine gases
4. What’s the difference between a meteor and meteorite?
a. A meteor is in the Earth’s atmosphere; a meteorite hits the Earth.
b. A meteorite is in the Earth’s atmosphere; a meteor hits the Earth.
c. A meteor is found on Earth; a meteorite is found in space.
d. There is no difference.
Determine if each of the below is an asteroid, comet, meteoroid, meteor, or meteorite.
_____ 5. Objects that are made of ice, dust, and gases thatorbit the Sun and form a tail as it passes close to the
Sun.
_____ 6. Small rocks and grains of sand floating in space.
_____ 7. Irregular pieces of rock moving through space in an
Area between the planets Mars and Jupiter.
_____ 8. A quick streak in the atmosphere.
_____ 9. A meteor that hits the surface of the Earth. / A. Asteroid
B. Comet
C. Meteoroid
D. Meteor
E. Meteorite
Name ______
Objective – Identify features of comets, meteors, and asteroids.
Asteroid, Comet, and Meteors Test – Short Answer
1. Complete the table. Put an “X” in the box if it is a characteristics of a comet, meteor, or asteroid. A characteristic may fall into more than one category.
Characteristic / Asteroid / Comet / MeteorMade of ice, dust, and gas.
Appears as a streak in the sky.
Made of rock and/or metal.
Orbits the Sun.
Often called “shooting stars.”
Sometimes called a “dirty snowball.”
Orbits between Mars and Jupiter.
Most are found in the Oort Cloud or Kuiper Belt.
2. Read the article and answer the questions.
Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid
Scientists have identified the event that probably created the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs.
The birth of a killer asteroid. I'm Bob Hirshon and this is Science Update.
65 million years ago, a six-mile-wide asteroid slammed into the Earth. This may have spelled doom for the dinosaurs. Now, a team of scientists has figured out where the killer asteroid may have come from.
Planetary scientist William Bottke of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, says it was probably a fragment of a much larger asteroid called Baptistina—about 100 miles across—that had been shattered by a collision in outer space.
Bottke: This breakup happened very close, almost right on top of, for lack of a better way to put it, a dynamical superhighway—an escape route out of the Asteroid Belt
—allowing some of the pieces to eventually cross Earth's path.
Some asteroids travel in tight clusters with very similar orbits. The clusters are believed to have come from large asteroids that were smashed into many pieces by another asteroid millions to billions of years ago.
Bottke and his teammates identified a cluster of asteroids that hadn't been studied. Scientists use computer models to essentially rewind time and determine where these fragments might have come from. In this case, they traced the fragments back to a giant asteroid cluster, whose largest body is now called (298) Baptistina.
But there was more to the story. Bottke's team also noticed the breakup of Baptistina occurred near an "escape route" out of the Asteroid Belt. The gravitational kicks produced by Mars and Jupiter, changed the path of the Baptistina orbit fragments. This can pushed some of them out of the Asteroid Belt and into Earth's path.
2a. What occurred 65 million years ago and why was the event significant? Use complete sentences.
______
______
______
______
______
2b. Describe the sequence of events, starting with the Baptistina breakup and ending with the extinction of the dinosaurs, as suggested by this research. Use complete sentences.
______
______
______
______
______
3. Add the characteristics listed below to the appropriate location on the Venn diagram. (Source: Canadian Space Agency).
1. Progress across the sky very slowly.2. Remnants of the formation of the Solar System.
3. Reflect sunlight.
4. Rocky composition
5. Orbit the Sun in highly elliptical orbits.
6. Measure a few miles in diameter. / 7. Most found in the Asteroid Belt.
8. Most have less than ½ mile in diameter.
9. Most have slightly elliptical orbits.
10. Most are less than 100 yards is diameter.
11. Also known as shooting stars.
12. Most burn up as the enter Earth’s atmosphere. / 13. Streak across the sky very fast.
14. Most are fragments of large asteroids.
15. Icy objects.
16. Meteor showers are caused by the Earth passing through the debris path of this.
17. Tail always points away from the Sun.
Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors Test – Key
1. A comet is also known as a…
c. dirty snowball.
2. A “shooting star” is actually a/an…
c. Meteor
3. Comets are made of…
a. A mixture of ices, rocks, and dust.
4. What’s the difference between a meteor and meteorite?
a. A meteor is in the Earth’s atmosphere; a meteorite hits the Earth.
B 5. Objects that are made of ice, dust, and gases that orbit the Sun and form a tail as it passes close to the Sun.
C 6. Small rocks and grains of sand floating in space.
A 7. Irregular pieces of rock moving through space in an area between the planets Mars and Jupiter.
D 8. A quick streak in the atmosphere.
E 9. A meteor that hits the surface of the Earth.
Asteroid, Comet, and Meteors Test – Short Answer – Key
1. Complete the table. Put an “X” in the box if it is a characteristics of a comet, meteor, or asteroid. A characteristic may fall into more than one category.
Characteristic / Asteroid / Comet / MeteorMade of ice, dust, and gas. / X
Appears as a streak in the sky. / X
Made of rock and/or metal. / X / X
Orbits the Sun. / X / X / X
Often called “shooting stars.” / X
Sometimes called a “dirty snowball.” / X
Orbits between Mars and Jupiter. / X
Most are found in the Oort Cloud or Kuiper Belt. / X
Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid – Sample Answer
2a. What occurred 65 million years ago and why was the event significant? Use complete sentences.
65 million years ago, a six-mile-wide asteroid slammed into the Earth. This may have spelled doom for the dinosaurs.
2b. Describe the sequence of events, starting with the Baptistina breakup and ending with the extinction of the dinosaurs, as suggested by this research. Use complete sentences.
The asteroid was probably a fragment of a much larger asteroid called Baptistina—about 100 miles across—that had been shattered by a collision in outer space. Some of the pieces to eventually cross Earth's path. The gravitational kicks produced by Mars and Jupiter, changed the path of the Baptistina orbit fragments. This can pushed some of them out of the Asteroid Belt and into Earth's path.
3. Add the characteristics listed below to the appropriate location on the Venn diagram.
Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors Test – Scoring Guide
1. c2. c (3 choices)
3. a
4. a
5. B (5 choices)
6. C (5 choices)
7. A (5 choices)
8. D (5 choices)
9. E (5 choices) / Scoring Guide
8-9 – 3
7 – 2.5
6 – 2
5 – 1.5
4 – 1
1-3 – .5
0 – 0
1