Final Exam - Chapter 36 Review

1. Circle the nutrients below that serve as fuel for the body

Vitmamins Carbohydrates Minerals

Fats Proteins Water

2. What are the two types of digestion that occur in the body?

______and ______

3.  Match the products of chemical digestion with molecules that they came from.

__B_ 1. Carbohydrates A. amino acids

__C_ 2. Fats B. simple sugars

___ 3. Protein C. fatty acids

Label the diagram of the digestive system using the word bank below.



Anus / Mouth
Appendix / Pancreas
Esophagus / Rectum
Gall Bladder / Small Intestine
Large Intestine / Stomach
Liver


II. Choose a word from the word bank above to identify the structure described. Not all words will be used.

4.  Stores bile ______Gall Bladder______

5.  Tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach ______Esophagus______

6.  Filters toxins from the blood ______Liver______

7.  Site of digestion of carbohydrate using amylase ______Mouth______

8.  Tube that leaves the stomach and contains villi ______Small Intestine______

9.  Secretes lipases to break down fat droplets ______Pancreas______

10.  Uses gastric juices to break down protein ______Stomach______

11.  What are the 3 excretory organs in the body?

___Skin_____, _____Kidney______, ______Lungs______

13. What is the function of water in the body

  1. __Absorbs and distributes heat______
  2. __Transports gases, nutrients and wastes in and out of cells_

Label the following diagram of the excretory system using the word bank below

Bladder / Ureter
Kidney / Urethra

14. Match the parts of the nephron with their functions

_C_ Renal tubule A. Filtration of blood

_A_ Glomerulus B. Secretion of toxins and waste

_B_ Collecting ducts C. Reabsorption of water and other nutrients

15. From the list below, circle the conditions that can contribute to kidney failure

High blood pressure Diabetes Color blindness

Hemophilia Infection Ulcer

Chapter 10 Review

1.  During which phase of the cell cycle does cell growth and DNA synthesis occur?

  1. Interphase b. Mitosis

2.  Put the phases of mitosis in the order that they occur.

Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase

__Prophase_____, ____Metaphase______, ___Anaphase______, ____Telophase_____

3.  For each event that occurs in mitosis, check which phase it occurs in.

Event / Prophase / Metaphase / Anaphase / Telophase
Chromosomes line up at the cell’s equator / X
Nuclear envelope form around two new nuclei
Sister chromatids move toward opposite ends of the cell / X
Chromosomes condense / X
Spindle fibers shorten / X
Chromosomes uncoil / X
Nuclear membrane breaks down / X

4.  Identify the following phases of mitosis

Telophase Anaphase Prophase Metaphase

Chapter 11 Review

1.  Which of the following forms of asexual reproduction occurs in prokaryotes?

  1. Fragmentation
  2. Parthenogenesis
  3. Binary fission
  4. Budding

2.  Put a circle around all the cells that are somatic cells and a square around those that are germ cells

Liver cells Egg cells (ovum) Bone cells

Brain cells Skin cells Sperm cells

3.  What are the advantages to sexual and asexual reproduction?

With asexual reproduction, many individuals can be created in a short period of time

With sexual reproduction, a greater variety of individuals can be produced which will enhance a species ability to survive and reproduce

4.  Which of the cells listed in #2 have a haploid number of chromosomes?

Sperm cells and Egg Cells

5.  Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans, how many pairs are autosomes and how many pairs are sex chromosomes?

Autosomes: __22___ Sex Chromosomes: ___1____

6.  Using check marks, determine if a statement is related to mitosis or meiosis

Description / Mitosis / Meiosis
New cells are produced that contain a haploid number of chromosomes / X
Produces somatic cells / X
New cells produced are diploid in chromosome number / X
Sex cells are produced / X
Cells undergo two divisions / X

7.  All of the following result in genetic variation except…

  1. Random fertilization
  2. Pedigree analyis
  3. Crossing over
  4. Independent assortment

Chapter 12 Review

1.  What was the significance of the results that Mendel found in his F1 generation plants?

  1. All the flowers were purple. It seemed as though the recessive trait disappeared
  2. All of the flowers were white. Only recessive plants were produced
  3. There was an equal mixture of purple and white plants. The traits had blended

2.  What was the ratio of dominant to recessive traits that Mendel observed in his F2 generation plants?

  1. 1:1
  2. 2:1
  3. 1:2
  4. 3:1

3.  Perform the following punnett squares

T = Tongue roller t = can’t roll tongue

T / t
t / Tt / tt
t / Tt / tt

Fill in the table with the results of this punnett square

Description / How many offspring / Genotype / Phenotype
Homozygous dominant / None / TT / Tongue roller
Homozygous recessive / 2 / tt / Can’t roll tongue
Heterozygous / 2 / Tt / Tongue roller