2012
BIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
PART I
Jefferson Township High School Science Department
Open Ended/Essay Section
Each of the following essay questions is worth 20 pts. You must do all essays.
Take the time to read them and answer each part of the essay that is asked.
Write your answers right under the question.
Open Ended 1: Classification
An expedition has just discovered what looks to be a new species in the artic ice. The leader of the expedition has asked you to go to Antarctica (because you are the leading taxonomist in the world, thanks to Mr. Rose) to verify whether the species is new or was already discovered.
Since it is finals week right now you can not go to Antarctica to help them. Instead, to help them, you are to make a list of 5 questions that will help you get an idea of what the organism is. The questions will be used to classify the organism into one of the 6 kingdoms. After each question, tell why you would ask that question. You are NOT making a Dichotomous Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Open Ended 2: Evolution
Using your Knowledge of evolution, explain why both predator and prey need each other to survive and evolve. Show the relationships between predators and their prey while explaining your answer.
Be sure to include:
- The predator vs. prey relationship
- How nature will select the traits the surviving animals will
have.
- How the prey and predators will evolve together due to
hunting and hiding on each other.
Essay 1: Punnett Squares
For each of the following parents draw the correct punnett square.
Parent 1 is Homozygous recessive for trait a
Parent 2 is Homozygous Dominant for trait A
What is the genotype of parent 1 ______Parent 2 ______
What are the chances the offspring will be
Heterozygous? _____% Homozygous ______%
What are the possible genotypes of these two parents? ______
Parent 1 is Heterozygous for trait B
Parent 2 is Homozygous recessive for trait b
What is the genotype of parent 1 ______Parent 2 ______
How many of the offspring will show a
Dominant trait? ______Recessive? _____
What are the possible genotypes of these two parents? ______
Both parents are Heterozygous for trait G
What is the genotype of parent 1 ______Parent 2 ______
What are the possible genotypes of these two parents? ______
Essay 2: Reading a Dichotomous Key
Using the Dichotomous Key below Identify the Owls on the next page.
1. Does the Owl have visible ears? ……………….Yes… go to number 2
……………… No…. go to number 3
2. Does the owl have light colored barred tail?...... Yes… Long Eared Owl
…….No…. Screech Owl
3. Does the owl have a white face? ………………..Yes…go to number 4
……………….. No…go to number 5
4. Does the owl have a distinct outlined face plate? …Yes…Barn Owl
….No…Snow Owl
5. Does the owl have a face plate? ………………….Yes… go to number 6
…………………..No … Saw Whet Owl
6. Does the owl have a white face plate outline? …...Yes… Short eared Owl
……No…. Barred Owl
Owl A is a ______Owl Owl E is a ______Owl
Owl B is a ______Owl Owl F is a ______Owl
Owl C is a ______Owl Owl G is a ______Owl
Owl D is a ______Owl
A. B. C.
D. E.
F. G.
2012
BIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
PART II
Jefferson Township High School Science Department
Multiple Choice: Fill in the correct oval on your Scan-tron for questions 1-150
1. Which of the following describes mitosis?
a. making of two new cells from one cell (asexually)
b. cutting your chromosome number in half
c. dividing your body in half
d. all of the above
2. Which of the following is the correct order of Mitosis?
a. telophase, prophase, anaphase, metaphase,
b. prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
c. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d. telophase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase
3. Which letter represents the correct order of the cell’s life cycle?
a. G1, G2, G3, S, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
b. G1, G2, S, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
c. G1, S, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
d. G2, G1, S, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
4. 99% of all the cells in your body are
a. body cells c. sex cells
b. brain cells d. cancer cells
5. The male reproductive cells are called ____ cells, while the female cell is called an ____cell.
a. egg, sperm c. sperm, egg
b. body, sex d. sex, body
6. A human sperm cell would have how many chromosomes?
a. 46 b. 13
c. 23 d. none of these
7. What is the study of traits being passed down from parents to offspring?
a. heredity c. gene selection
b. pedigree d. none of the above
8. What is it called when the genotype of a trait are both Dominant?
a. homozygous c. heterozygous
b. hybrid d. genetics
9. What is it called when the genes in a genotype of a trait are different?
a. homozygous c. heterozygous
b. pure d. genetics
10. What is another name for pure breeding parent?
a. homozygous c. heterozygous
b. hybrid d. genetics
11. What tool do we use to figure out all the possibilities of the parents offspring?
a. punnett square c. pedigree
b. genetic mix d. ratio insertion
12. Which of the following answers best represents a homozygous recessive genotype?
a. AA c. Aa
b. bb d. ab
13. Which of the following answers best shows a heterozygous genotype?
a. AA c. Aa
b. bb d. both a and b are correct
14. A human male has which set of sex chromosomes?
a. XX c. YY
b. XY d. neither X nor Y
15. A human liver cell would have how many of chromosomes?
a. 46 c. 13
b. 23 d. none
16. How many pairs of chromosomes can you find in a cell of a human?
a. 46 c. 47
b. 23 d. 45
17. A human egg would have how many pairs of chromosomes?
a. 46 c. 13
b. 23 d. none of these
18. Which of the following may cause mutations?
a. ultra violet light c. x-rays
b. cloning d. both A and C
19. Which of the following would a biologist most likely NOT use?
a. telescope c. microscope
b. ruler d. test tube
20. What is evolution?
a. change over time c. mutations in DNA/RNA
b. genes of parents d. all of the above
21. What is a difference among species called?
a. competition c. variation
b. selection d. adaptation
22. Which is an adaptation of a nocturnal desert animal?
a. thick fur c. white fur
b. gills d. night vision
23. Where did Charles Darwin conduct his research on evolution?
a. England c. China
b. Galapagos d. Chile
24. What did Darwin say was the cause of evolution in you and your environment?
a. mutations and nature c. mutations and DNA
b. variations and mutations d. mutations and humans
25. If the history of earth were to be shrunk down to one year, what day would the first humans
have shown up?
a. December 1st c. January 1st
b. December 31st d. January 31st
26. The eras, periods, and epoch in earth history sometimes ended with ______.
a. a great extinction c. formation of a land mass
b. creation of new life form d. none of the above
** 27-29: Select one of the graphs (A-C) below as the best choice to answer the population
questions. Use each graph choice only once.
A .
B.
C.
27. The shift of a population of elephants due to lions not being able to hunt and kill the
largest elephants.
28. The population shift caused by lions killing zebra that do not fit into the average herd size.
29. Natural selection where only the largest and smallest squid are allowed to reproduce.
30. Aristotle used which trait to separate plants from animals?
a. color c. movement
b. water use d. reproduction
31. Aristotle placed all fish into the same group because they all
a. breathe c. live in water
b. have scales d. have fins
32. Humans belong to the Kingdom ____, Phylum _____, Class ____, Order ____,
Family ____, Genus ____, and species ____.
a. Animal, Chordate, Mammal, Primate, Hominid, Sapien, homo
b. Animal, Chordate, Mammal, Primate, Hominid, Homo, sapien
c. Animal, Vertebrate, Mammal, Primate, Hominid, Homo, sapien
d. Animal, Chordate, Placental, Primate, Hominid, Homo, sapien
33. Scientific names show each animal’s
a. kingdom and phylum c. phylum and species
b. genus and species d. class and order
34. Different species all have different
a. common names c. scientific names
b. kingdom names d. genus names
35. The largest group of classification below is the
a. kingdom c. phylum
b. class d. genus
36. Scientific names are written in which language?
a. Spanish c. French
b. English d. Latin
37. In Aristotle’s system of classification
a. Plants were classified by where they lived.
b. Animals were classified by where they lived.
c. There were three kingdoms.
d. None of the above
38. Linnaeus based his classification system on
a. specific traits c. where the organism lived
b. body chemistry d. all of the above
39. To determine an organism’s classification, scientists may use
a. common ancestors c. body chemistry (DNA)
b. body structures d. all of the above
40. Of the following animals, which one is most closely related to the Felis leo ?
a. Rana pipiens c. Xenopus laevius
b. Felis domesticus d. Homo sapien
41. Foods in the supermarket are classified into groups to
a. put them in order c. show how they are alike
b. make them easier to find d. all of the above
42. A section of DNA with a code of ATTCGC will compliment which code of DNA below:
a. TAAGGC c. ATTCGC
b. TAAGCG d. TAAGCC
43. The shape of a molecule of DNA is:
a. flat c. round
b. straight d. spiral
44. A change in DNA is called a ______.
a. inflation c. notation
b. interrogation d. mutation
45. What is DNA?
a. deoxyribonucleic acid c. dioxyribose acid
b. denatured Nucleic Acid d. demuted ribonucleotide
46. What are the three parts of DNA?
a. sugar and spice and everything nice
b. ribose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate
c. glucose, acidic potassium, nitrogen
d. baking soda, water, shortening
47. What nucleic acid will bond with adenine (A) in DNA?
a. thymine (T) c. guanine (G)
b. cytosine (C) d. Any of the above could bond to adenine
48. DNA is read by ______in a cell and turned into Proteins.
a. mitochondria c. nuclei
b. ribosomes d. none of the above
49. DNA and RNA differ in the fact that DNA contains the base (T) while RNA contains
a. adenine c. guanine
b. uracil d. none of the above
50. Viruses are always ______than the cells they infect.
a. larger c. bigger
b. smaller d. brighter
51. Viruses are made of two parts: a protein coat and the ______.
a. cell c. chromosome like part
b. nucleus d. chloroplast
52. Which of the following is not a shape of viruses?
a. polyhedral c. helical
b. binal d. triangular
53. The common cold is caused by ______.
a. virus c. bacteria
b. both a and c d. none of these
54. What is the cycle of virus reproduction called?
a. lytic c. reproductive
b. frond d. phloem and plant
55. The cause of pneumonia is:
a. a virus c. bacteria
b. neither A nor B d. both A and B
** 56-60: Match the stage number on the right to the viral life stage on the left.
56. Viral parts start to be assembled A. First stage
57. Host bacterial cell breaks due to pressure of viruses B. Second Stage
58. Viral DNA/RNA is made by the bacterial host cell C. Third Stage
59. Virus attaches to bacterial host cell D. Fourth Stage
60. Virus injects DNA/RNA into bacterial host E. Fifth Stage
61. Which of the following would be used to stop a bacterial cell’s growth?
a. interferon c. vaccine
b. antibiotics d. water
62. Bacteria can be found in ______.
a. the water c. soil
b. food d. all of the above
63. What percentage of bacteria is harmful to humans?
a. 70% c. 50%
b. 10% d. 90%
64. Under the right conditions bacteria only need ____ minutes to reproduce
a. 120 (2 hrs) c. 20
b. 240 (4hrs) d. 60 (1 hr)
65. Bacteria can be controlled in all the following ways except?
a. heating c. canning
b. freezing d. vaccine
66. Bacteria use ______to reproduce.
a. fusion c. fission
b. division d. none of the above
67. When a bacteria’s environment is not livable, it will make a (n) ______.
a. antibody c. vaccine
b. endospore d. antibiotic
68. Which of the following is not a type of protist?
a. animal-like c. plant-like
b. fungus-like d. bacteria-like
69. Which of the following is not a protist?
a. amoeba c. paramecium
b. slime-mold d. yeast
70. Which of the following cannot be found in an amoeba?
a. nucleus c. cell membrane
b. cell wall d. vacuole
71. A mushroom absorbs its food through which of the following parts?
a. cap c. spore
b. hyphae d. roots
72. Fungi reproduce in which of the following ways?